Note
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Relative and absolute wind
from datetime import timedelta
from opendrift.readers import reader_netCDF_CF_generic
from opendrift.models.oceandrift import OceanDrift
o = OceanDrift(loglevel=20) # Set loglevel to 0 for debug information
# Arome
reader_arome = reader_netCDF_CF_generic.Reader(o.test_data_folder() +
'16Nov2015_NorKyst_z_surface/arome_subset_16Nov2015.nc')
#reader_arome = reader_netCDF_CF_generic.Reader('https://thredds.met.no/thredds/dodsC/mepslatest/meps_lagged_6_h_latest_2_5km_latest.nc')
# Norkyst
reader_norkyst = reader_netCDF_CF_generic.Reader(o.test_data_folder() +
'16Nov2015_NorKyst_z_surface/norkyst800_subset_16Nov2015.nc')
#reader_norkyst = reader_netCDF_CF_generic.Reader('https://thredds.met.no/thredds/dodsC/sea/norkyst800m/1h/aggregate_be')
o.add_reader([reader_norkyst, reader_arome])
11:35:57 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel:533: OpenDriftSimulation initialised (version 1.11.2 / v1.11.2-30-g8806683)
11:35:57 INFO opendrift.readers.reader_netCDF_CF_generic:102: Opening dataset: /root/project/tests/test_data/16Nov2015_NorKyst_z_surface/arome_subset_16Nov2015.nc
11:35:57 INFO opendrift.readers.reader_netCDF_CF_generic:314: Detected dimensions: {'time': 'time', 'x': 'x', 'y': 'y'}
11:35:57 INFO opendrift.readers.reader_netCDF_CF_generic:102: Opening dataset: /root/project/tests/test_data/16Nov2015_NorKyst_z_surface/norkyst800_subset_16Nov2015.nc
11:35:57 INFO opendrift.readers.reader_netCDF_CF_generic:314: Detected dimensions: {'x': 'X', 'y': 'Y', 'z': 'depth', 'time': 'time'}
Seeding some particles
lon = 4.2; lat = 60.0; # Outside Bergen
time = [reader_arome.start_time,
reader_arome.start_time + timedelta(hours=30)]
Using windspeed relative to moving ocean (current)
o.set_config('drift:relative_wind', False)
o.set_config('drift:vertical_mixing', False)
Seed oil elements at defined position and time
o.seed_elements(lon, lat, radius=50, number=5000, time=time)
o.run(steps=48*2, time_step=1800, time_step_output=3600*2)
11:35:57 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:218: Adding a dynamical landmask with max. priority based on assumed maximum speed of 1.0 m/s. Adding a customised landmask may be faster...
11:36:03 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:245: Fallback values will be used for the following variables which have no readers:
11:36:03 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:248: sea_surface_height: 0.000000
11:36:03 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:248: upward_sea_water_velocity: 0.000000
11:36:03 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:248: ocean_vertical_diffusivity: 0.000000
11:36:03 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:248: sea_surface_wave_significant_height: 0.000000
11:36:03 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:248: sea_surface_wave_stokes_drift_x_velocity: 0.000000
11:36:03 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:248: sea_surface_wave_stokes_drift_y_velocity: 0.000000
11:36:03 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:248: sea_surface_wave_period_at_variance_spectral_density_maximum: 0.000000
11:36:03 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:248: sea_surface_wave_mean_period_from_variance_spectral_density_second_frequency_moment: 0.000000
11:36:03 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:248: sea_surface_swell_wave_to_direction: 0.000000
11:36:03 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:248: sea_surface_swell_wave_peak_period_from_variance_spectral_density: 0.000000
11:36:03 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:248: sea_surface_swell_wave_significant_height: 0.000000
11:36:03 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:248: sea_surface_wind_wave_to_direction: 0.000000
11:36:03 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:248: sea_surface_wind_wave_mean_period: 0.000000
11:36:03 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:248: sea_surface_wind_wave_significant_height: 0.000000
11:36:03 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:248: surface_downward_x_stress: 0.000000
11:36:03 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:248: surface_downward_y_stress: 0.000000
11:36:03 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:248: turbulent_kinetic_energy: 0.000000
11:36:03 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:248: turbulent_generic_length_scale: 0.000000
11:36:03 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:248: ocean_mixed_layer_thickness: 50.000000
11:36:03 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:248: sea_floor_depth_below_sea_level: 10000.000000
11:36:03 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel:911: Using existing reader for land_binary_mask
11:36:03 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel:922: All points are in ocean
11:36:03 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel:2011: 2015-11-16 00:00:00 - step 1 of 96 - 84 active elements (0 deactivated)
11:36:03 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel:2011: 2015-11-16 00:30:00 - step 2 of 96 - 167 active elements (0 deactivated)
11:36:03 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel:2011: 2015-11-16 01:00:00 - step 3 of 96 - 250 active elements (0 deactivated)
11:36:03 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel:2011: 2015-11-16 01:30:00 - step 4 of 96 - 334 active elements (0 deactivated)
11:36:03 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel:2011: 2015-11-16 02:00:00 - step 5 of 96 - 417 active elements (0 deactivated)
11:36:03 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel:2011: 2015-11-16 02:30:00 - step 6 of 96 - 500 active elements (0 deactivated)
11:36:03 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel:2011: 2015-11-16 03:00:00 - step 7 of 96 - 584 active elements (0 deactivated)
11:36:03 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel:2011: 2015-11-16 03:30:00 - step 8 of 96 - 667 active elements (0 deactivated)
11:36:03 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel:2011: 2015-11-16 04:00:00 - step 9 of 96 - 750 active elements (0 deactivated)
11:36:03 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel:2011: 2015-11-16 04:30:00 - step 10 of 96 - 834 active elements (0 deactivated)
11:36:03 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel:2011: 2015-11-16 05:00:00 - step 11 of 96 - 917 active elements (0 deactivated)
11:36:03 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel:2011: 2015-11-16 05:30:00 - step 12 of 96 - 1000 active elements (0 deactivated)
11:36:03 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel:2011: 2015-11-16 06:00:00 - step 13 of 96 - 1084 active elements (0 deactivated)
11:36:03 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel:2011: 2015-11-16 06:30:00 - step 14 of 96 - 1167 active elements (0 deactivated)
11:36:03 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel:2011: 2015-11-16 07:00:00 - step 15 of 96 - 1250 active elements (0 deactivated)
11:36:03 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel:2011: 2015-11-16 07:30:00 - step 16 of 96 - 1334 active elements (0 deactivated)
11:36:03 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel:2011: 2015-11-16 08:00:00 - step 17 of 96 - 1417 active elements (0 deactivated)
11:36:03 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel:2011: 2015-11-16 08:30:00 - step 18 of 96 - 1500 active elements (0 deactivated)
11:36:03 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel:2011: 2015-11-16 09:00:00 - step 19 of 96 - 1584 active elements (0 deactivated)
11:36:03 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel:2011: 2015-11-16 09:30:00 - step 20 of 96 - 1667 active elements (0 deactivated)
11:36:03 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel:2011: 2015-11-16 10:00:00 - step 21 of 96 - 1750 active elements (0 deactivated)
11:36:04 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel:2011: 2015-11-16 10:30:00 - step 22 of 96 - 1833 active elements (0 deactivated)
11:36:04 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel:2011: 2015-11-16 11:00:00 - step 23 of 96 - 1917 active elements (0 deactivated)
11:36:04 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel:2011: 2015-11-16 11:30:00 - step 24 of 96 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
11:36:04 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel:2011: 2015-11-16 12:00:00 - step 25 of 96 - 2083 active elements (0 deactivated)
11:36:04 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel:2011: 2015-11-16 12:30:00 - step 26 of 96 - 2167 active elements (0 deactivated)
11:36:04 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel:2011: 2015-11-16 13:00:00 - step 27 of 96 - 2250 active elements (0 deactivated)
11:36:04 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel:2011: 2015-11-16 13:30:00 - step 28 of 96 - 2333 active elements (0 deactivated)
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11:36:05 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel:2011: 2015-11-16 23:00:00 - step 47 of 96 - 3916 active elements (0 deactivated)
11:36:05 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel:2011: 2015-11-16 23:30:00 - step 48 of 96 - 4000 active elements (0 deactivated)
11:36:05 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel:2011: 2015-11-17 00:00:00 - step 49 of 96 - 4083 active elements (0 deactivated)
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11:36:05 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel:2011: 2015-11-17 05:30:00 - step 60 of 96 - 4999 active elements (0 deactivated)
11:36:05 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel:2011: 2015-11-17 06:00:00 - step 61 of 96 - 5000 active elements (0 deactivated)
11:36:06 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel:2011: 2015-11-17 06:30:00 - step 62 of 96 - 5000 active elements (0 deactivated)
11:36:06 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel:2011: 2015-11-17 07:00:00 - step 63 of 96 - 5000 active elements (0 deactivated)
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11:36:06 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel:2011: 2015-11-17 08:30:00 - step 66 of 96 - 5000 active elements (0 deactivated)
11:36:06 WARNING opendrift.readers.basereader.structured:321: Data block from /root/project/tests/test_data/16Nov2015_NorKyst_z_surface/norkyst800_subset_16Nov2015.nc not large enough to cover element positions within timestep. Buffer size (7) must be increased. See `Variables.set_buffer_size`.
/root/project/opendrift/readers/interpolation/interpolators.py:17: RuntimeWarning: overflow encountered in cast
data[mask] = np.finfo(np.float64).min
11:36:06 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel:2011: 2015-11-17 09:00:00 - step 67 of 96 - 5000 active elements (0 deactivated)
11:36:06 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel:2011: 2015-11-17 09:30:00 - step 68 of 96 - 5000 active elements (0 deactivated)
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11:36:06 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel:2011: 2015-11-17 10:30:00 - step 70 of 96 - 5000 active elements (0 deactivated)
11:36:06 WARNING opendrift.readers.basereader.structured:321: Data block from /root/project/tests/test_data/16Nov2015_NorKyst_z_surface/norkyst800_subset_16Nov2015.nc not large enough to cover element positions within timestep. Buffer size (7) must be increased. See `Variables.set_buffer_size`.
11:36:06 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel:2011: 2015-11-17 11:00:00 - step 71 of 96 - 5000 active elements (0 deactivated)
11:36:06 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel:2011: 2015-11-17 11:30:00 - step 72 of 96 - 5000 active elements (0 deactivated)
11:36:06 WARNING opendrift.readers.basereader.structured:321: Data block from /root/project/tests/test_data/16Nov2015_NorKyst_z_surface/arome_subset_16Nov2015.nc not large enough to cover element positions within timestep. Buffer size (4) must be increased. See `Variables.set_buffer_size`.
11:36:06 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel:2011: 2015-11-17 12:00:00 - step 73 of 96 - 5000 active elements (0 deactivated)
11:36:06 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel:2011: 2015-11-17 12:30:00 - step 74 of 96 - 5000 active elements (0 deactivated)
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11:36:07 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel:2011: 2015-11-17 16:00:00 - step 81 of 96 - 4968 active elements (32 deactivated)
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11:36:07 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel:2011: 2015-11-17 17:00:00 - step 83 of 96 - 4885 active elements (115 deactivated)
11:36:07 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel:2011: 2015-11-17 17:30:00 - step 84 of 96 - 4817 active elements (183 deactivated)
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11:36:07 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel:2011: 2015-11-17 21:00:00 - step 91 of 96 - 4814 active elements (186 deactivated)
11:36:07 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel:2011: 2015-11-17 21:30:00 - step 92 of 96 - 4811 active elements (189 deactivated)
11:36:07 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel:2011: 2015-11-17 22:00:00 - step 93 of 96 - 4806 active elements (194 deactivated)
11:36:07 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel:2011: 2015-11-17 22:30:00 - step 94 of 96 - 4753 active elements (247 deactivated)
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11:36:08 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel:2011: 2015-11-17 23:30:00 - step 96 of 96 - 4743 active elements (257 deactivated)
Second run, for comparison
o2 = OceanDrift(loglevel=20) # Set loglevel to 0 for debug information
o2.add_reader([reader_norkyst, reader_arome])
o2.set_config('drift:relative_wind', True)
o2.set_config('drift:vertical_mixing', False)
o2.seed_elements(lon, lat, radius=50, number=5000, time=time)
o2.run(steps=48*2, time_step=1800, time_step_output=3600*2)
11:36:08 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel:533: OpenDriftSimulation initialised (version 1.11.2 / v1.11.2-30-g8806683)
11:36:08 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:218: Adding a dynamical landmask with max. priority based on assumed maximum speed of 1.0 m/s. Adding a customised landmask may be faster...
11:36:08 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:245: Fallback values will be used for the following variables which have no readers:
11:36:08 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:248: sea_surface_height: 0.000000
11:36:08 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:248: upward_sea_water_velocity: 0.000000
11:36:08 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:248: ocean_vertical_diffusivity: 0.000000
11:36:08 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:248: sea_surface_wave_significant_height: 0.000000
11:36:08 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:248: sea_surface_wave_stokes_drift_x_velocity: 0.000000
11:36:08 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:248: sea_surface_wave_stokes_drift_y_velocity: 0.000000
11:36:08 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:248: sea_surface_wave_period_at_variance_spectral_density_maximum: 0.000000
11:36:08 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:248: sea_surface_wave_mean_period_from_variance_spectral_density_second_frequency_moment: 0.000000
11:36:08 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:248: sea_surface_swell_wave_to_direction: 0.000000
11:36:08 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:248: sea_surface_swell_wave_peak_period_from_variance_spectral_density: 0.000000
11:36:08 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:248: sea_surface_swell_wave_significant_height: 0.000000
11:36:08 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:248: sea_surface_wind_wave_to_direction: 0.000000
11:36:08 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:248: sea_surface_wind_wave_mean_period: 0.000000
11:36:08 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:248: sea_surface_wind_wave_significant_height: 0.000000
11:36:08 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:248: surface_downward_x_stress: 0.000000
11:36:08 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:248: surface_downward_y_stress: 0.000000
11:36:08 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:248: turbulent_kinetic_energy: 0.000000
11:36:08 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:248: turbulent_generic_length_scale: 0.000000
11:36:08 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:248: ocean_mixed_layer_thickness: 50.000000
11:36:08 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:248: sea_floor_depth_below_sea_level: 10000.000000
11:36:08 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel:911: Using existing reader for land_binary_mask
11:36:08 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel:922: All points are in ocean
11:36:08 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel:2011: 2015-11-16 00:00:00 - step 1 of 96 - 84 active elements (0 deactivated)
11:36:08 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel:2011: 2015-11-16 00:30:00 - step 2 of 96 - 167 active elements (0 deactivated)
11:36:08 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel:2011: 2015-11-16 01:00:00 - step 3 of 96 - 250 active elements (0 deactivated)
11:36:08 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel:2011: 2015-11-16 01:30:00 - step 4 of 96 - 334 active elements (0 deactivated)
11:36:08 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel:2011: 2015-11-16 02:00:00 - step 5 of 96 - 417 active elements (0 deactivated)
11:36:08 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel:2011: 2015-11-16 02:30:00 - step 6 of 96 - 500 active elements (0 deactivated)
11:36:08 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel:2011: 2015-11-16 03:00:00 - step 7 of 96 - 584 active elements (0 deactivated)
11:36:08 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel:2011: 2015-11-16 03:30:00 - step 8 of 96 - 667 active elements (0 deactivated)
11:36:08 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel:2011: 2015-11-16 04:00:00 - step 9 of 96 - 750 active elements (0 deactivated)
11:36:08 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel:2011: 2015-11-16 04:30:00 - step 10 of 96 - 834 active elements (0 deactivated)
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11:36:08 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel:2011: 2015-11-16 06:00:00 - step 13 of 96 - 1084 active elements (0 deactivated)
11:36:08 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel:2011: 2015-11-16 06:30:00 - step 14 of 96 - 1167 active elements (0 deactivated)
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11:36:08 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel:2011: 2015-11-16 07:30:00 - step 16 of 96 - 1334 active elements (0 deactivated)
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11:36:11 WARNING opendrift.readers.basereader.structured:321: Data block from /root/project/tests/test_data/16Nov2015_NorKyst_z_surface/norkyst800_subset_16Nov2015.nc not large enough to cover element positions within timestep. Buffer size (7) must be increased. See `Variables.set_buffer_size`.
/root/project/opendrift/readers/interpolation/interpolators.py:17: RuntimeWarning: overflow encountered in cast
data[mask] = np.finfo(np.float64).min
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11:36:11 WARNING opendrift.readers.basereader.structured:321: Data block from /root/project/tests/test_data/16Nov2015_NorKyst_z_surface/norkyst800_subset_16Nov2015.nc not large enough to cover element positions within timestep. Buffer size (7) must be increased. See `Variables.set_buffer_size`.
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Animate and compare the two runs
o.animation(compare=o2, legend=['Absolute wind', 'Relative wind'])
/opt/conda/envs/opendrift/lib/python3.11/site-packages/cartopy/mpl/geoaxes.py:1696: UserWarning: No data for colormapping provided via 'c'. Parameters 'cmap' will be ignored
result = super().scatter(*args, **kwargs)
11:36:34 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel:4563: Saving animation to /root/project/docs/source/gallery/animations/example_relative_0.gif...
11:37:41 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel:3003: Time to make animation: 0:01:27.861829
o.plot(compare=o2, legend=['Absolute wind', 'Relative wind'], fast=True)
11:37:41 WARNING opendrift.models.basemodel:2379: Plotting fast. This will make your plots less accurate.
(<GeoAxes: title={'center': 'OpenDrift - OceanDrift\n2015-11-16 00:00 to 2015-11-18 00:00 UTC (25 steps)'}>, <Figure size 558.487x1100 with 1 Axes>)
Total running time of the script: (2 minutes 11.014 seconds)