Note
Go to the end to download the full example code.
Drift at different depths
from datetime import datetime, timedelta
import numpy as np
from opendrift.models.oceandrift import OceanDrift
o = OceanDrift(loglevel=20) # Set loglevel to 0 for debug information
13:55:26 INFO opendrift:568: OpenDriftSimulation initialised (version 1.14.2 / v1.14.2-123-gaca557f)
Using live data from Thredds
o.add_readers_from_list([
'https://thredds.met.no/thredds/dodsC/fou-hi/norkystv3_800m_m00_be'])
Adding some diffusion
o.set_config('drift:horizontal_diffusivity', 10) # m2/s
Seed 1000 elements at random depths
z = -np.random.rand(2000)*50
o.seed_elements(lon=4.8, lat=60.0, z=z, radius=0, number=2000,
time=datetime.now())
print(o)
13:55:26 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:206: Adding a global landmask from GSHHG
13:55:30 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:229: Fallback values will be used for the following variables which have no readers:
13:55:30 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:232: x_sea_water_velocity: 0.000000
13:55:30 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:232: y_sea_water_velocity: 0.000000
13:55:30 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:232: sea_surface_height: 0.000000
13:55:30 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:232: x_wind: 0.000000
13:55:30 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:232: y_wind: 0.000000
13:55:30 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:232: upward_sea_water_velocity: 0.000000
13:55:30 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:232: ocean_vertical_diffusivity: 0.000000
13:55:30 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:232: sea_surface_wave_significant_height: 0.000000
13:55:30 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:232: sea_surface_wave_stokes_drift_x_velocity: 0.000000
13:55:30 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:232: sea_surface_wave_stokes_drift_y_velocity: 0.000000
13:55:30 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:232: ocean_mixed_layer_thickness: 50.000000
13:55:30 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:232: sea_floor_depth_below_sea_level: 10000.000000
===========================
Model: OceanDrift (OpenDrift version 1.14.2)
0 active Lagrangian3DArray particles (0 deactivated, 2000 scheduled)
-------------------
Environment variables:
-----
land_binary_mask
1) global_landmask
-----
Readers not added for the following variables:
ocean_mixed_layer_thickness
ocean_vertical_diffusivity
sea_floor_depth_below_sea_level
sea_surface_height
sea_surface_wave_significant_height
sea_surface_wave_stokes_drift_x_velocity
sea_surface_wave_stokes_drift_y_velocity
upward_sea_water_velocity
x_sea_water_velocity
x_wind
y_sea_water_velocity
y_wind
---
Lazy readers:
LazyReader: https://thredds.met.no/thredds/dodsC/fou-hi/norkystv3_800m_m00_be
Discarded readers:
===========================
Running model
o.run(duration=timedelta(hours=24), time_step=1800)
13:55:30 INFO opendrift:1778: Skipping environment variable ocean_vertical_diffusivity because of condition ['drift:vertical_mixing', 'is', False]
13:55:30 INFO opendrift:1778: Skipping environment variable ocean_mixed_layer_thickness because of condition ['drift:vertical_mixing', 'is', False]
13:55:30 INFO opendrift:1789: Storing previous values of element property lon because of condition (('general:coastline_action', 'in', ['stranding', 'previous']), 'or', ('general:seafloor_action', 'in', ['previous']))
13:55:30 INFO opendrift:1789: Storing previous values of element property lat because of condition (('general:coastline_action', 'in', ['stranding', 'previous']), 'or', ('general:seafloor_action', 'in', ['previous']))
13:55:30 INFO opendrift:1797: Storing previous values of environment variable sea_surface_height because of condition ['drift:vertical_advection', 'is', True]
13:55:30 INFO opendrift:944: Using existing reader for land_binary_mask to move elements to ocean
13:55:30 INFO opendrift:974: All points are in ocean
13:55:30 INFO opendrift:2085: 2025-08-20 13:55:26.376590 - step 1 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
13:55:30 INFO opendrift.readers:61: Opening file with xr.open_dataset
13:55:31 INFO opendrift.readers.reader_netCDF_CF_generic:332: Detected dimensions: {'x': 'X', 'y': 'Y', 'z': 'depth', 'time': 'time'}
13:55:31 INFO opendrift.readers.basereader:176: Variable x_sea_water_velocity will be rotated from eastward_sea_water_velocity
13:55:31 INFO opendrift.readers.basereader:176: Variable y_sea_water_velocity will be rotated from northward_sea_water_velocity
13:55:31 INFO opendrift.readers.basereader:176: Variable x_wind will be rotated from eastward_wind
13:55:31 INFO opendrift.readers.basereader:176: Variable y_wind will be rotated from northward_wind
13:55:34 INFO opendrift:2085: 2025-08-20 14:25:26.376590 - step 2 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
13:55:35 INFO opendrift:2085: 2025-08-20 14:55:26.376590 - step 3 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
13:55:35 INFO opendrift:2085: 2025-08-20 15:25:26.376590 - step 4 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
13:55:36 INFO opendrift:2085: 2025-08-20 15:55:26.376590 - step 5 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
13:55:36 INFO opendrift:2085: 2025-08-20 16:25:26.376590 - step 6 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
13:55:37 INFO opendrift:2085: 2025-08-20 16:55:26.376590 - step 7 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
13:55:37 INFO opendrift:2085: 2025-08-20 17:25:26.376590 - step 8 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
13:55:38 INFO opendrift:2085: 2025-08-20 17:55:26.376590 - step 9 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
13:55:38 INFO opendrift:2085: 2025-08-20 18:25:26.376590 - step 10 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
13:55:40 INFO opendrift:2085: 2025-08-20 18:55:26.376590 - step 11 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
13:55:40 INFO opendrift:2085: 2025-08-20 19:25:26.376590 - step 12 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
13:55:41 INFO opendrift:2085: 2025-08-20 19:55:26.376590 - step 13 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
13:55:41 INFO opendrift:2085: 2025-08-20 20:25:26.376590 - step 14 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
13:55:42 INFO opendrift:2085: 2025-08-20 20:55:26.376590 - step 15 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
13:55:42 INFO opendrift:2085: 2025-08-20 21:25:26.376590 - step 16 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
13:55:44 INFO opendrift:2085: 2025-08-20 21:55:26.376590 - step 17 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
13:55:44 INFO opendrift:2085: 2025-08-20 22:25:26.376590 - step 18 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
13:55:45 INFO opendrift:2085: 2025-08-20 22:55:26.376590 - step 19 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
13:55:45 INFO opendrift:2085: 2025-08-20 23:25:26.376590 - step 20 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
13:55:46 INFO opendrift:2085: 2025-08-20 23:55:26.376590 - step 21 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
13:55:46 INFO opendrift:2085: 2025-08-21 00:25:26.376590 - step 22 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
13:55:48 INFO opendrift:2085: 2025-08-21 00:55:26.376590 - step 23 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
13:55:48 INFO opendrift:2085: 2025-08-21 01:25:26.376590 - step 24 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
13:55:49 INFO opendrift:2085: 2025-08-21 01:55:26.376590 - step 25 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
13:55:49 INFO opendrift:2085: 2025-08-21 02:25:26.376590 - step 26 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
13:55:51 INFO opendrift:2085: 2025-08-21 02:55:26.376590 - step 27 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
13:55:51 INFO opendrift:2085: 2025-08-21 03:25:26.376590 - step 28 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
13:55:53 INFO opendrift:2085: 2025-08-21 03:55:26.376590 - step 29 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
13:55:53 INFO opendrift:2085: 2025-08-21 04:25:26.376590 - step 30 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
13:55:54 INFO opendrift:2085: 2025-08-21 04:55:26.376590 - step 31 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
13:55:54 INFO opendrift:2085: 2025-08-21 05:25:26.376590 - step 32 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
13:55:56 INFO opendrift:2085: 2025-08-21 05:55:26.376590 - step 33 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
13:55:56 INFO opendrift:2085: 2025-08-21 06:25:26.376590 - step 34 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
13:55:58 INFO opendrift:2085: 2025-08-21 06:55:26.376590 - step 35 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
13:55:58 INFO opendrift:2085: 2025-08-21 07:25:26.376590 - step 36 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
13:55:59 INFO opendrift:2085: 2025-08-21 07:55:26.376590 - step 37 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
13:55:59 INFO opendrift:2085: 2025-08-21 08:25:26.376590 - step 38 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
13:56:01 INFO opendrift:2085: 2025-08-21 08:55:26.376590 - step 39 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
13:56:01 INFO opendrift:2085: 2025-08-21 09:25:26.376590 - step 40 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
13:56:02 INFO opendrift:2085: 2025-08-21 09:55:26.376590 - step 41 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
13:56:02 INFO opendrift:2085: 2025-08-21 10:25:26.376590 - step 42 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
13:56:04 INFO opendrift:2085: 2025-08-21 10:55:26.376590 - step 43 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
13:56:04 INFO opendrift:2085: 2025-08-21 11:25:26.376590 - step 44 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
13:56:05 INFO opendrift:2085: 2025-08-21 11:55:26.376590 - step 45 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
13:56:06 INFO opendrift:2085: 2025-08-21 12:25:26.376590 - step 46 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
13:56:07 INFO opendrift:2085: 2025-08-21 12:55:26.376590 - step 47 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
13:56:07 INFO opendrift:2085: 2025-08-21 13:25:26.376590 - step 48 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
Plot results with lines and particles colored by depth
print(o)
o.plot(linecolor='z', buffer=.1, show_elements=False)
o.animation(color='z', buffer=.1)
===========================
--------------------
Reader performance:
--------------------
global_landmask
0:00:00.0 total
0:00:00.0 preparing
0:00:00.0 reading
0:00:00.0 masking
--------------------
https://thredds.met.no/thredds/dodsC/fou-hi/norkystv3_800m_m00_be
0:00:35.7 total
0:00:00.0 preparing
0:00:35.3 reading
0:00:00.7 interpolation
0:00:00.0 interpolation_time
0:00:00.3 rotating vectors
0:00:00.0 masking
--------------------
Performance:
42.8 total time
4.0 configuration
0.0 preparing main loop
0.0 moving elements to ocean
38.7 main loop
0.1 updating elements
0.0 cleaning up
--------------------
===========================
Model: OceanDrift (OpenDrift version 1.14.2)
2000 active Lagrangian3DArray particles (0 deactivated, 0 scheduled)
-------------------
Environment variables:
-----
land_binary_mask
1) global_landmask
-----
sea_floor_depth_below_sea_level
sea_surface_height
upward_sea_water_velocity
x_sea_water_velocity
x_wind
y_sea_water_velocity
y_wind
1) https://thredds.met.no/thredds/dodsC/fou-hi/norkystv3_800m_m00_be
-----
Readers not added for the following variables:
sea_surface_wave_significant_height
sea_surface_wave_stokes_drift_x_velocity
sea_surface_wave_stokes_drift_y_velocity
Discarded readers:
Time:
Start: 2025-08-20 13:55:26.376590 UTC
Present: 2025-08-21 13:55:26.376590 UTC
Calculation steps: 48 * 0:30:00 - total time: 1 day, 0:00:00
Output steps: 49 * 0:30:00
===========================
13:56:59 INFO opendrift:4609: Saving animation to /root/project/docs/source/gallery/animations/example_depth_0.gif...
13:57:27 INFO opendrift:3050: Time to make animation: 0:00:28.549985
Total running time of the script: (2 minutes 8.695 seconds)