Note
Go to the end to download the full example code.
Drift at different depths
from datetime import datetime, timedelta
import numpy as np
from opendrift.models.oceandrift import OceanDrift
o = OceanDrift(loglevel=20) # Set loglevel to 0 for debug information
07:26:19 INFO opendrift:513: OpenDriftSimulation initialised (version 1.14.2 / v1.14.2-90-g1dd1995)
Using live data from Thredds
o.add_readers_from_list([
'https://thredds.met.no/thredds/dodsC/sea/norkyst800m/1h/aggregate_be'])
Adding some diffusion
o.set_config('drift:horizontal_diffusivity', 10) # m2/s
Seed 1000 elements at random depths
z = -np.random.rand(2000)*50
o.seed_elements(lon=4.8, lat=60.0, z=z, radius=0, number=2000,
time=datetime.now())
print(o)
07:26:19 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:206: Adding a global landmask from GSHHG
07:26:24 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:229: Fallback values will be used for the following variables which have no readers:
07:26:24 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:232: x_sea_water_velocity: 0.000000
07:26:24 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:232: y_sea_water_velocity: 0.000000
07:26:24 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:232: sea_surface_height: 0.000000
07:26:24 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:232: x_wind: 0.000000
07:26:24 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:232: y_wind: 0.000000
07:26:24 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:232: upward_sea_water_velocity: 0.000000
07:26:24 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:232: ocean_vertical_diffusivity: 0.000000
07:26:24 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:232: sea_surface_wave_significant_height: 0.000000
07:26:24 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:232: sea_surface_wave_stokes_drift_x_velocity: 0.000000
07:26:24 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:232: sea_surface_wave_stokes_drift_y_velocity: 0.000000
07:26:24 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:232: ocean_mixed_layer_thickness: 50.000000
07:26:24 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:232: sea_floor_depth_below_sea_level: 10000.000000
===========================
Model: OceanDrift (OpenDrift version 1.14.2)
0 active Lagrangian3DArray particles (0 deactivated, 2000 scheduled)
-------------------
Environment variables:
-----
land_binary_mask
1) global_landmask
-----
Readers not added for the following variables:
ocean_mixed_layer_thickness
ocean_vertical_diffusivity
sea_floor_depth_below_sea_level
sea_surface_height
sea_surface_wave_significant_height
sea_surface_wave_stokes_drift_x_velocity
sea_surface_wave_stokes_drift_y_velocity
upward_sea_water_velocity
x_sea_water_velocity
x_wind
y_sea_water_velocity
y_wind
---
Lazy readers:
LazyReader: https://thredds.met.no/thredds/dodsC/sea/norkyst800m/1h/aggregate_be
Discarded readers:
===========================
Running model
o.run(duration=timedelta(hours=24), time_step=1800)
07:26:24 INFO opendrift:1732: Skipping environment variable ocean_vertical_diffusivity because of condition ['drift:vertical_mixing', 'is', False]
07:26:24 INFO opendrift:1732: Skipping environment variable ocean_mixed_layer_thickness because of condition ['drift:vertical_mixing', 'is', False]
07:26:24 INFO opendrift:1743: Storing previous values of element property lon because of condition (('general:coastline_action', 'in', ['stranding', 'previous']), 'or', ('general:seafloor_action', 'in', ['previous']))
07:26:24 INFO opendrift:1743: Storing previous values of element property lat because of condition (('general:coastline_action', 'in', ['stranding', 'previous']), 'or', ('general:seafloor_action', 'in', ['previous']))
07:26:24 INFO opendrift:1751: Storing previous values of environment variable sea_surface_height because of condition ['drift:vertical_advection', 'is', True]
07:26:24 INFO opendrift:899: Using existing reader for land_binary_mask
07:26:24 INFO opendrift:928: All points are in ocean
07:26:24 INFO opendrift:2035: 2025-07-17 07:26:19.951056 - step 1 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
07:26:24 INFO opendrift.readers:61: Opening file with xr.open_dataset
07:26:26 INFO opendrift.readers.reader_netCDF_CF_generic:332: Detected dimensions: {'x': 'X', 'y': 'Y', 'z': 'depth', 'time': 'time'}
07:26:28 INFO opendrift:2035: 2025-07-17 07:56:19.951056 - step 2 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
07:26:28 INFO opendrift:2035: 2025-07-17 08:26:19.951056 - step 3 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
07:26:29 INFO opendrift:2035: 2025-07-17 08:56:19.951056 - step 4 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
07:26:29 INFO opendrift:2035: 2025-07-17 09:26:19.951056 - step 5 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
07:26:30 INFO opendrift:2035: 2025-07-17 09:56:19.951056 - step 6 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
07:26:30 INFO opendrift:2035: 2025-07-17 10:26:19.951056 - step 7 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
07:26:31 INFO opendrift:2035: 2025-07-17 10:56:19.951056 - step 8 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
07:26:31 INFO opendrift:2035: 2025-07-17 11:26:19.951056 - step 9 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
07:26:32 INFO opendrift:2035: 2025-07-17 11:56:19.951056 - step 10 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
07:26:32 INFO opendrift:2035: 2025-07-17 12:26:19.951056 - step 11 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
07:26:33 INFO opendrift:2035: 2025-07-17 12:56:19.951056 - step 12 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
07:26:33 INFO opendrift:2035: 2025-07-17 13:26:19.951056 - step 13 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
07:26:34 INFO opendrift:2035: 2025-07-17 13:56:19.951056 - step 14 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
07:26:35 INFO opendrift:2035: 2025-07-17 14:26:19.951056 - step 15 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
07:26:36 INFO opendrift:2035: 2025-07-17 14:56:19.951056 - step 16 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
07:26:36 INFO opendrift:2035: 2025-07-17 15:26:19.951056 - step 17 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
07:26:37 INFO opendrift:2035: 2025-07-17 15:56:19.951056 - step 18 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
07:26:37 INFO opendrift:2035: 2025-07-17 16:26:19.951056 - step 19 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
07:26:38 INFO opendrift:2035: 2025-07-17 16:56:19.951056 - step 20 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
07:26:38 INFO opendrift:2035: 2025-07-17 17:26:19.951056 - step 21 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
07:26:39 INFO opendrift:2035: 2025-07-17 17:56:19.951056 - step 22 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
07:26:39 INFO opendrift:2035: 2025-07-17 18:26:19.951056 - step 23 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
07:26:40 INFO opendrift:2035: 2025-07-17 18:56:19.951056 - step 24 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
07:26:40 INFO opendrift:2035: 2025-07-17 19:26:19.951056 - step 25 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
07:26:42 INFO opendrift:2035: 2025-07-17 19:56:19.951056 - step 26 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
07:26:42 INFO opendrift:2035: 2025-07-17 20:26:19.951056 - step 27 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
07:26:43 INFO opendrift:2035: 2025-07-17 20:56:19.951056 - step 28 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
07:26:43 INFO opendrift:2035: 2025-07-17 21:26:19.951056 - step 29 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
07:26:44 INFO opendrift:2035: 2025-07-17 21:56:19.951056 - step 30 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
07:26:44 INFO opendrift:2035: 2025-07-17 22:26:19.951056 - step 31 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
07:26:45 INFO opendrift:2035: 2025-07-17 22:56:19.951056 - step 32 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
07:26:46 INFO opendrift:2035: 2025-07-17 23:26:19.951056 - step 33 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
07:26:47 INFO opendrift:2035: 2025-07-17 23:56:19.951056 - step 34 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
07:26:47 INFO opendrift:2035: 2025-07-18 00:26:19.951056 - step 35 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
07:26:48 INFO opendrift:2035: 2025-07-18 00:56:19.951056 - step 36 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
07:26:48 INFO opendrift:2035: 2025-07-18 01:26:19.951056 - step 37 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
07:26:49 INFO opendrift:2035: 2025-07-18 01:56:19.951056 - step 38 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
07:26:49 INFO opendrift:2035: 2025-07-18 02:26:19.951056 - step 39 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
07:26:50 INFO opendrift:2035: 2025-07-18 02:56:19.951056 - step 40 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
07:26:50 INFO opendrift:2035: 2025-07-18 03:26:19.951056 - step 41 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
07:26:52 INFO opendrift:2035: 2025-07-18 03:56:19.951056 - step 42 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
07:26:52 INFO opendrift:2035: 2025-07-18 04:26:19.951056 - step 43 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
07:26:53 INFO opendrift:2035: 2025-07-18 04:56:19.951056 - step 44 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
07:26:53 INFO opendrift:2035: 2025-07-18 05:26:19.951056 - step 45 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
07:26:54 INFO opendrift:2035: 2025-07-18 05:56:19.951056 - step 46 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
07:26:54 INFO opendrift:2035: 2025-07-18 06:26:19.951056 - step 47 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
07:26:55 INFO opendrift:2035: 2025-07-18 06:56:19.951056 - step 48 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
Plot results with lines and particles colored by depth
print(o)
o.plot(linecolor='z', buffer=.1, show_elements=False)
o.animation(color='z', buffer=.1)
===========================
--------------------
Reader performance:
--------------------
global_landmask
0:00:00.0 total
0:00:00.0 preparing
0:00:00.0 reading
0:00:00.0 masking
--------------------
https://thredds.met.no/thredds/dodsC/sea/norkyst800m/1h/aggregate_be
0:00:27.9 total
0:00:00.0 preparing
0:00:27.5 reading
0:00:00.5 interpolation
0:00:00.0 interpolation_time
0:00:00.4 rotating vectors
0:00:00.0 masking
--------------------
Performance:
35.7 total time
4.3 configuration
0.0 preparing main loop
0.0 moving elements to ocean
31.3 main loop
0.1 updating elements
0.0 cleaning up
--------------------
===========================
Model: OceanDrift (OpenDrift version 1.14.2)
2000 active Lagrangian3DArray particles (0 deactivated, 0 scheduled)
-------------------
Environment variables:
-----
land_binary_mask
1) global_landmask
-----
sea_floor_depth_below_sea_level
sea_surface_height
upward_sea_water_velocity
x_sea_water_velocity
x_wind
y_sea_water_velocity
y_wind
1) https://thredds.met.no/thredds/dodsC/sea/norkyst800m/1h/aggregate_be
-----
Readers not added for the following variables:
sea_surface_wave_significant_height
sea_surface_wave_stokes_drift_x_velocity
sea_surface_wave_stokes_drift_y_velocity
Discarded readers:
Time:
Start: 2025-07-17 07:26:19.951056 UTC
Present: 2025-07-18 07:26:19.951056 UTC
Calculation steps: 48 * 0:30:00 - total time: 1 day, 0:00:00
Output steps: 49 * 0:30:00
===========================
07:27:53 INFO opendrift:4553: Saving animation to /root/project/docs/source/gallery/animations/example_depth_0.gif...
07:28:20 INFO opendrift:2994: Time to make animation: 0:00:27.783246
Total running time of the script: (2 minutes 8.078 seconds)