Drift at different depths

from datetime import datetime, timedelta
import numpy as np
from opendrift.models.oceandrift import OceanDrift

o = OceanDrift(loglevel=20)  # Set loglevel to 0 for debug information

14:30:55 INFO    opendrift:569: OpenDriftSimulation initialised (version 1.14.9 / v1.14.9-78-ged5dc51)

Using live data from Thredds

o.add_readers_from_list([
    'https://thredds.met.no/thredds/dodsC/fou-hi/norkystv3_800m_m00_be'])

Adding some diffusion

o.set_config('environment:constant:horizontal_diffusivity', 10)  # m2/s

Seed 1000 elements at random depths

z = -np.random.rand(2000)*50
o.seed_elements(lon=4.8, lat=60.0, z=z, radius=0, number=2000,
                time=datetime.now())

print(o)

14:30:55 INFO    opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:203: Adding a global landmask from GSHHG
14:30:59 INFO    opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:227: Fallback values will be used for the following variables which have no readers:
14:30:59 INFO    opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:230:    x_sea_water_velocity: 0.000000
14:30:59 INFO    opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:230:    y_sea_water_velocity: 0.000000
14:30:59 INFO    opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:230:    sea_surface_height: 0.000000
14:30:59 INFO    opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:230:    x_wind: 0.000000
14:30:59 INFO    opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:230:    y_wind: 0.000000
14:30:59 INFO    opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:230:    upward_sea_water_velocity: 0.000000
14:30:59 INFO    opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:230:    ocean_vertical_diffusivity: 0.000000
14:30:59 INFO    opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:230:    sea_surface_wave_significant_height: 0.000000
14:30:59 INFO    opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:230:    sea_surface_wave_stokes_drift_x_velocity: 0.000000
14:30:59 INFO    opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:230:    sea_surface_wave_stokes_drift_y_velocity: 0.000000
14:30:59 INFO    opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:230:    ocean_mixed_layer_thickness: 50.000000
14:30:59 INFO    opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:230:    sea_floor_depth_below_sea_level: 10000.000000
===========================
Model:  OceanDrift     (OpenDrift version 1.14.9)
        0 active Lagrangian3DArray particles  (0 deactivated, 2000 scheduled)
-------------------
Environment variables:
  -----
  horizontal_diffusivity
     1) constant_reader
  -----
  land_binary_mask
     1) global_landmask
  -----
Readers not added for the following variables:
  ocean_mixed_layer_thickness
  ocean_vertical_diffusivity
  sea_floor_depth_below_sea_level
  sea_surface_height
  sea_surface_wave_significant_height
  sea_surface_wave_stokes_drift_x_velocity
  sea_surface_wave_stokes_drift_y_velocity
  upward_sea_water_velocity
  x_sea_water_velocity
  x_wind
  y_sea_water_velocity
  y_wind
---
Lazy readers:
  LazyReader: https://thredds.met.no/thredds/dodsC/fou-hi/norkystv3_800m_m00_be

Discarded readers:
===========================

Running model

o.run(duration=timedelta(hours=24), time_step=1800)

14:30:59 INFO    opendrift:1903: Skipping environment variable ocean_vertical_diffusivity because of condition ['drift:vertical_mixing', 'is', False]
14:30:59 INFO    opendrift:1903: Skipping environment variable ocean_mixed_layer_thickness because of condition ['drift:vertical_mixing', 'is', False]
14:30:59 INFO    opendrift:1914: Storing previous values of element property lon because of condition (('general:coastline_action', 'in', ['stranding', 'previous']), 'or', ('general:seafloor_action', 'in', ['previous']))
14:30:59 INFO    opendrift:1914: Storing previous values of element property lat because of condition (('general:coastline_action', 'in', ['stranding', 'previous']), 'or', ('general:seafloor_action', 'in', ['previous']))
14:30:59 INFO    opendrift:1922: Storing previous values of environment variable sea_surface_height because of condition ['drift:vertical_advection', 'is', True]
14:30:59 INFO    opendrift:955: Using existing reader for land_binary_mask to move elements to ocean
14:30:59 INFO    opendrift:986: All points are in ocean
14:30:59 INFO    opendrift:2211: 2026-06-23 14:30:55.239572 - step 1 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:30:59 INFO    opendrift.readers:67: Opening file with xr.open_dataset
14:31:01 INFO    opendrift.readers.reader_netCDF_CF_generic:340: Detected dimensions: {'x': 'X', 'y': 'Y', 'z': 'depth', 'time': 'time'}
14:31:01 INFO    opendrift.readers.basereader:178: Variable x_sea_water_velocity will be rotated from eastward_sea_water_velocity
14:31:01 INFO    opendrift.readers.basereader:178: Variable y_sea_water_velocity will be rotated from northward_sea_water_velocity
14:31:01 INFO    opendrift.readers.basereader:178: Variable x_wind will be rotated from eastward_wind
14:31:01 INFO    opendrift.readers.basereader:178: Variable y_wind will be rotated from northward_wind
14:31:03 INFO    opendrift:2211: 2026-06-23 15:00:55.239572 - step 2 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:31:04 INFO    opendrift:2211: 2026-06-23 15:30:55.239572 - step 3 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:31:04 INFO    opendrift:2211: 2026-06-23 16:00:55.239572 - step 4 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:31:05 INFO    opendrift:2211: 2026-06-23 16:30:55.239572 - step 5 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:31:06 INFO    opendrift:2211: 2026-06-23 17:00:55.239572 - step 6 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:31:07 INFO    opendrift:2211: 2026-06-23 17:30:55.239572 - step 7 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:31:07 INFO    opendrift:2211: 2026-06-23 18:00:55.239572 - step 8 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:31:08 INFO    opendrift:2211: 2026-06-23 18:30:55.239572 - step 9 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:31:08 INFO    opendrift:2211: 2026-06-23 19:00:55.239572 - step 10 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:31:09 INFO    opendrift:2211: 2026-06-23 19:30:55.239572 - step 11 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:31:09 INFO    opendrift:2211: 2026-06-23 20:00:55.239572 - step 12 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:31:10 INFO    opendrift:2211: 2026-06-23 20:30:55.239572 - step 13 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:31:10 INFO    opendrift:2211: 2026-06-23 21:00:55.239572 - step 14 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:31:11 INFO    opendrift:2211: 2026-06-23 21:30:55.239572 - step 15 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:31:11 INFO    opendrift:2211: 2026-06-23 22:00:55.239572 - step 16 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:31:12 INFO    opendrift:2211: 2026-06-23 22:30:55.239572 - step 17 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:31:12 INFO    opendrift:2211: 2026-06-23 23:00:55.239572 - step 18 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:31:13 INFO    opendrift:2211: 2026-06-23 23:30:55.239572 - step 19 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:31:13 INFO    opendrift:2211: 2026-06-24 00:00:55.239572 - step 20 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:31:15 INFO    opendrift:2211: 2026-06-24 00:30:55.239572 - step 21 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:31:15 INFO    opendrift:2211: 2026-06-24 01:00:55.239572 - step 22 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:31:16 INFO    opendrift:2211: 2026-06-24 01:30:55.239572 - step 23 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:31:16 INFO    opendrift:2211: 2026-06-24 02:00:55.239572 - step 24 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:31:17 INFO    opendrift:2211: 2026-06-24 02:30:55.239572 - step 25 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:31:17 INFO    opendrift:2211: 2026-06-24 03:00:55.239572 - step 26 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:31:19 INFO    opendrift:2211: 2026-06-24 03:30:55.239572 - step 27 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:31:19 INFO    opendrift:2211: 2026-06-24 04:00:55.239572 - step 28 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:31:20 INFO    opendrift:2211: 2026-06-24 04:30:55.239572 - step 29 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:31:20 INFO    opendrift:2211: 2026-06-24 05:00:55.239572 - step 30 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:31:21 INFO    opendrift:2211: 2026-06-24 05:30:55.239572 - step 31 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:31:21 INFO    opendrift:2211: 2026-06-24 06:00:55.239572 - step 32 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:31:22 INFO    opendrift:2211: 2026-06-24 06:30:55.239572 - step 33 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:31:22 INFO    opendrift:2211: 2026-06-24 07:00:55.239572 - step 34 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:31:23 INFO    opendrift:2211: 2026-06-24 07:30:55.239572 - step 35 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:31:23 INFO    opendrift:2211: 2026-06-24 08:00:55.239572 - step 36 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:31:24 INFO    opendrift:2211: 2026-06-24 08:30:55.239572 - step 37 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:31:24 INFO    opendrift:2211: 2026-06-24 09:00:55.239572 - step 38 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:31:26 INFO    opendrift:2211: 2026-06-24 09:30:55.239572 - step 39 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:31:26 INFO    opendrift:2211: 2026-06-24 10:00:55.239572 - step 40 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:31:27 INFO    opendrift:2211: 2026-06-24 10:30:55.239572 - step 41 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:31:27 INFO    opendrift:2211: 2026-06-24 11:00:55.239572 - step 42 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:31:28 INFO    opendrift:2211: 2026-06-24 11:30:55.239572 - step 43 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:31:28 INFO    opendrift:2211: 2026-06-24 12:00:55.239572 - step 44 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:31:29 INFO    opendrift:2211: 2026-06-24 12:30:55.239572 - step 45 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:31:29 INFO    opendrift:2211: 2026-06-24 13:00:55.239572 - step 46 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:31:30 INFO    opendrift:2211: 2026-06-24 13:30:55.239572 - step 47 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:31:30 INFO    opendrift:2211: 2026-06-24 14:00:55.239572 - step 48 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)

<xarray.Dataset> Size: 9MB
Dimensions:                                   (trajectory: 2000, time: 49)
Coordinates:
  * trajectory                                (trajectory) int64 16kB 0 ... 1999
  * time                                      (time) datetime64[ns] 392B 2026...
Data variables: (12/22)
    status                                    (trajectory, time) float32 392kB ...
    moving                                    (trajectory, time) float32 392kB ...
    age_seconds                               (trajectory, time) float32 392kB ...
    origin_marker                             (trajectory, time) float32 392kB ...
    lon                                       (trajectory, time) float32 392kB ...
    lat                                       (trajectory, time) float32 392kB ...
    ...                                        ...
    horizontal_diffusivity                    (trajectory, time) float32 392kB ...
    sea_surface_wave_significant_height       (trajectory, time) float32 392kB ...
    sea_surface_wave_stokes_drift_x_velocity  (trajectory, time) float32 392kB ...
    sea_surface_wave_stokes_drift_y_velocity  (trajectory, time) float32 392kB ...
    sea_floor_depth_below_sea_level           (trajectory, time) float32 392kB ...
    land_binary_mask                          (trajectory, time) float32 392kB ...
Attributes: (12/121)
    Conventions:                                                           CF...
    standard_name_vocabulary:                                              CF...
    featureType:                                                           tr...
    title:                                                                 Op...
    summary:                                                               Ou...
    keywords:                                                              tr...
    ...                                                                    ...
    geospatial_lon_units:                                                  de...
    geospatial_lon_resolution:                                             point
    runtime:                                                               0:...
    geospatial_vertical_min:                                               -5...
    geospatial_vertical_max:                                               0.0
    geospatial_vertical_positive:                                          up

xarray.Dataset

• Dimensions:
  • trajectory: 2000
  • time: 49
• Coordinates: (2)
  • trajectory
    (trajectory)
    int64
    0 1 2 3 4 ... 1996 1997 1998 1999

    cf_role :

    trajectory_id

    dtype :

    <class 'numpy.int32'>

    array([   0,    1,    2, ..., 1997, 1998, 1999], shape=(2000,))

  • time
    (time)
    datetime64[ns]
    2026-06-23T14:30:55.239572 ... 2...

    standard_name :

    time

    long_name :

    time

    dtype :

    <class 'numpy.float64'>

    array(['2026-06-23T14:30:55.239572000', '2026-06-23T15:00:55.239572000',
           '2026-06-23T15:30:55.239572000', '2026-06-23T16:00:55.239572000',
           '2026-06-23T16:30:55.239572000', '2026-06-23T17:00:55.239572000',
           '2026-06-23T17:30:55.239572000', '2026-06-23T18:00:55.239572000',
           '2026-06-23T18:30:55.239572000', '2026-06-23T19:00:55.239572000',
           '2026-06-23T19:30:55.239572000', '2026-06-23T20:00:55.239572000',
           '2026-06-23T20:30:55.239572000', '2026-06-23T21:00:55.239572000',
           '2026-06-23T21:30:55.239572000', '2026-06-23T22:00:55.239572000',
           '2026-06-23T22:30:55.239572000', '2026-06-23T23:00:55.239572000',
           '2026-06-23T23:30:55.239572000', '2026-06-24T00:00:55.239572000',
           '2026-06-24T00:30:55.239572000', '2026-06-24T01:00:55.239572000',
           '2026-06-24T01:30:55.239572000', '2026-06-24T02:00:55.239572000',
           '2026-06-24T02:30:55.239572000', '2026-06-24T03:00:55.239572000',
           '2026-06-24T03:30:55.239572000', '2026-06-24T04:00:55.239572000',
           '2026-06-24T04:30:55.239572000', '2026-06-24T05:00:55.239572000',
           '2026-06-24T05:30:55.239572000', '2026-06-24T06:00:55.239572000',
           '2026-06-24T06:30:55.239572000', '2026-06-24T07:00:55.239572000',
           '2026-06-24T07:30:55.239572000', '2026-06-24T08:00:55.239572000',
           '2026-06-24T08:30:55.239572000', '2026-06-24T09:00:55.239572000',
           '2026-06-24T09:30:55.239572000', '2026-06-24T10:00:55.239572000',
           '2026-06-24T10:30:55.239572000', '2026-06-24T11:00:55.239572000',
           '2026-06-24T11:30:55.239572000', '2026-06-24T12:00:55.239572000',
           '2026-06-24T12:30:55.239572000', '2026-06-24T13:00:55.239572000',
           '2026-06-24T13:30:55.239572000', '2026-06-24T14:00:55.239572000',
           '2026-06-24T14:30:55.239572000'], dtype='datetime64[ns]')

• Data variables: (22)
  • status
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 ... 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

    dtype :

    <class 'numpy.int32'>

    valid_range :

    [0 0]

    flag_values :

    [0]

    flag_meanings :

    active

    array([[0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           ...,
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.]], shape=(2000, 49), dtype=float32)

  • moving
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 ... 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0

    dtype :

    <class 'numpy.int32'>

    minval :

    1

    maxval :

    1

    array([[1., 1., 1., ..., 1., 1., 1.],
           [1., 1., 1., ..., 1., 1., 1.],
           [1., 1., 1., ..., 1., 1., 1.],
           ...,
           [1., 1., 1., ..., 1., 1., 1.],
           [1., 1., 1., ..., 1., 1., 1.],
           [1., 1., 1., ..., 1., 1., 1.]], shape=(2000, 49), dtype=float32)

  • age_seconds
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    0.0 1.8e+03 ... 8.46e+04 8.64e+04

    dtype :

    <class 'numpy.float32'>

    units :

    s

    minval :

    0.0

    maxval :

    86400.0

    array([[    0.,  1800.,  3600., ..., 82800., 84600., 86400.],
           [    0.,  1800.,  3600., ..., 82800., 84600., 86400.],
           [    0.,  1800.,  3600., ..., 82800., 84600., 86400.],
           ...,
           [    0.,  1800.,  3600., ..., 82800., 84600., 86400.],
           [    0.,  1800.,  3600., ..., 82800., 84600., 86400.],
           [    0.,  1800.,  3600., ..., 82800., 84600., 86400.]],
          shape=(2000, 49), dtype=float32)

  • origin_marker
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 ... 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

    dtype :

    <class 'numpy.int32'>

    unit :

    description :

    An integer kept constant during the simulation. Different values may be used for different seedings, to separate elements during analysis. With GUI, only a single seeding is possible.

    flag_values :

    [0]

    flag_meanings :

    Seed_0

    minval :

    0

    maxval :

    0

    array([[0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           ...,
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.]], shape=(2000, 49), dtype=float32)

  • lon
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    4.8 4.8 4.799 ... 4.754 4.753 4.753

    dtype :

    <class 'numpy.float32'>

    units :

    degrees_east

    standard_name :

    longitude

    long_name :

    longitude

    axis :

    X

    minval :

    4.6873984

    maxval :

    4.8826704

    array([[4.8      , 4.799609 , 4.7991157, ..., 4.771126 , 4.7672315,
            4.7672796],
           [4.8      , 4.8043694, 4.80217  , ..., 4.753695 , 4.751832 ,
            4.750558 ],
           [4.8      , 4.794256 , 4.8002086, ..., 4.7300916, 4.730418 ,
            4.728278 ],
           ...,
           [4.8      , 4.802409 , 4.8029785, ..., 4.7899384, 4.796954 ,
            4.7963996],
           [4.8      , 4.7936497, 4.7895603, ..., 4.7624626, 4.759145 ,
            4.752625 ],
           [4.8      , 4.80259  , 4.8023415, ..., 4.75384  , 4.7531753,
            4.753491 ]], shape=(2000, 49), dtype=float32)

  • lat
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    60.0 60.0 60.01 ... 60.14 60.15

    dtype :

    <class 'numpy.float32'>

    units :

    degrees_north

    standard_name :

    latitude

    long_name :

    latitude

    axis :

    Y

    minval :

    59.996033

    maxval :

    60.327972

    array([[60.      , 60.004185, 60.005165, ..., 60.1373  , 60.140705,
            60.1428  ],
           [60.      , 60.00727 , 60.01469 , ..., 60.13559 , 60.139004,
            60.144653],
           [60.      , 60.00608 , 60.00977 , ..., 60.118828, 60.123623,
            60.12932 ],
           ...,
           [60.      , 60.002224, 60.00647 , ..., 60.152466, 60.156162,
            60.160534],
           [60.      , 60.003906, 60.01109 , ..., 60.149914, 60.155796,
            60.15995 ],
           [60.      , 60.001865, 60.008377, ..., 60.13761 , 60.14356 ,
            60.149048]], shape=(2000, 49), dtype=float32)

  • z
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    -27.44 -27.73 ... -24.05 -24.17

    dtype :

    <class 'numpy.float32'>

    units :

    m

    standard_name :

    z

    long_name :

    vertical position

    axis :

    Z

    positive :

    up

    minval :

    -52.612316

    maxval :

    0.0

    array([[-27.440676, -27.726774, -27.91901 , ..., -26.260464, -26.310753,
            -26.431686],
           [-35.759468, -36.07076 , -36.290653, ..., -34.418274, -34.569893,
            -34.809967],
           [-30.138168, -30.432436, -30.667166, ..., -29.404171, -29.557056,
            -29.780426],
           ...,
           [-24.00539 , -24.291838, -24.458183, ..., -24.068241, -24.235867,
            -24.497862],
           [-32.193203, -32.493694, -32.73669 , ..., -31.26889 , -31.406244,
            -31.514595],
           [-25.088657, -25.367634, -25.52953 , ..., -23.939745, -24.04605 ,
            -24.166471]], shape=(2000, 49), dtype=float32)

  • wind_drift_factor
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    0.02 0.02 0.02 ... 0.02 0.02 0.02

    dtype :

    <class 'numpy.float32'>

    units :

    1

    description :

    Elements at surface are moved with this fraction of the vind vector, in addition to currents and Stokes drift

    minval :

    0.02

    maxval :

    0.02

    array([[0.02, 0.02, 0.02, ..., 0.02, 0.02, 0.02],
           [0.02, 0.02, 0.02, ..., 0.02, 0.02, 0.02],
           [0.02, 0.02, 0.02, ..., 0.02, 0.02, 0.02],
           ...,
           [0.02, 0.02, 0.02, ..., 0.02, 0.02, 0.02],
           [0.02, 0.02, 0.02, ..., 0.02, 0.02, 0.02],
           [0.02, 0.02, 0.02, ..., 0.02, 0.02, 0.02]],
          shape=(2000, 49), dtype=float32)

  • current_drift_factor
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 ... 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0

    dtype :

    <class 'numpy.float32'>

    units :

    1

    description :

    Elements are moved with this fraction of the current vector, in addition to currents and Stokes drift

    minval :

    1.0

    maxval :

    1.0

    array([[1., 1., 1., ..., 1., 1., 1.],
           [1., 1., 1., ..., 1., 1., 1.],
           [1., 1., 1., ..., 1., 1., 1.],
           ...,
           [1., 1., 1., ..., 1., 1., 1.],
           [1., 1., 1., ..., 1., 1., 1.],
           [1., 1., 1., ..., 1., 1., 1.]], shape=(2000, 49), dtype=float32)

  • terminal_velocity
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 ... 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

    dtype :

    <class 'numpy.float32'>

    units :

    m/s

    description :

    Terminal rise/sinking velocity (buoyancy) in the ocean column

    minval :

    0.0

    maxval :

    0.0

    array([[0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           ...,
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.]], shape=(2000, 49), dtype=float32)

  • x_sea_water_velocity
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    -0.001059 -0.006757 ... -0.06134

    minval :

    -0.15254866

    maxval :

    0.1369044

    array([[-0.00105869, -0.00675736, -0.01125321, ..., -0.07268549,
            -0.07565551, -0.07565551],
           [-0.00871785, -0.012877  , -0.01775824, ..., -0.05885144,
            -0.06123871, -0.06123871],
           [-0.00354229, -0.00929567, -0.01424765, ..., -0.06290685,
            -0.06291749, -0.06291749],
           ...,
           [ 0.00678629, -0.00220942, -0.00982963, ..., -0.06279766,
            -0.06943478, -0.06943478],
           [-0.00543437, -0.01022387, -0.01485294, ..., -0.06222792,
            -0.06504801, -0.06504801],
           [ 0.00110683, -0.00500475, -0.01225021, ..., -0.05675391,
            -0.06134456, -0.06134456]], shape=(2000, 49), dtype=float32)

  • y_sea_water_velocity
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    0.2273 0.2148 ... 0.2556 0.2556

    minval :

    0.019022936

    maxval :

    0.39060462

    array([[0.22725427, 0.21478821, 0.20207928, ..., 0.24915226, 0.26178506,
            0.26178506],
           [0.22748403, 0.21624741, 0.20337993, ..., 0.2309006 , 0.24721624,
            0.24721624],
           [0.22732878, 0.21779904, 0.20075357, ..., 0.24236146, 0.25819755,
            0.25819755],
           ...,
           [0.21591805, 0.20807335, 0.1934424 , ..., 0.27880463, 0.29976678,
            0.29976678],
           [0.22738554, 0.22006282, 0.20632993, ..., 0.24316728, 0.26023626,
            0.26023626],
           [0.22718932, 0.21549553, 0.19714166, ..., 0.24332543, 0.25555423,
            0.25555423]], shape=(2000, 49), dtype=float32)

  • sea_surface_height
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    -0.2782 -0.2272 ... -0.4354 -0.4354

    minval :

    -0.59695214

    maxval :

    -0.045440316

    array([[-0.27816305, -0.22719105, -0.19219767, ..., -0.4819341 ,
            -0.43427485, -0.43427485],
           [-0.27816305, -0.22642134, -0.19126022, ..., -0.48436642,
            -0.4358309 , -0.4358309 ],
           [-0.27816305, -0.22757977, -0.19177635, ..., -0.48799962,
            -0.44017336, -0.44017336],
           ...,
           [-0.27816305, -0.22677784, -0.1916956 , ..., -0.47883856,
            -0.4285031 , -0.4285031 ],
           [-0.27816305, -0.227785  , -0.19268776, ..., -0.4827521 ,
            -0.4350479 , -0.4350479 ],
           [-0.27816305, -0.22675355, -0.1916736 , ..., -0.48427522,
            -0.43544194, -0.43544194]], shape=(2000, 49), dtype=float32)

  • x_wind
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    -2.87 -2.788 -2.498 ... 3.182 3.182

    minval :

    -2.8697069

    maxval :

    5.7383013

    array([[-2.8697069, -2.7881851, -2.4975612, ...,  2.7028584,  3.141816 ,
             3.141816 ],
           [-2.8697069, -2.7862713, -2.482026 , ...,  2.7315853,  3.1807168,
             3.1807168],
           [-2.8697069, -2.786201 , -2.4894874, ...,  2.7518551,  3.204259 ,
             3.204259 ],
           ...,
           [-2.8697069, -2.7954051, -2.4944823, ...,  2.6897974,  3.0517514,
             3.0517514],
           [-2.8697069, -2.7907045, -2.497093 , ...,  2.7161741,  3.181717 ,
             3.181717 ],
           [-2.8697069, -2.7962112, -2.4895775, ...,  2.7330348,  3.181777 ,
             3.181777 ]], shape=(2000, 49), dtype=float32)

  • y_wind
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    10.71 10.8 10.98 ... -2.271 -2.271

    minval :

    -3.1243143

    maxval :

    11.883068

    array([[10.708982 , 10.8047495, 10.977549 , ..., -2.5572054, -2.2855616,
            -2.2855616],
           [10.708982 , 10.7840185, 10.956641 , ..., -2.5350685, -2.287453 ,
            -2.287453 ],
           [10.708982 , 10.828482 , 10.968915 , ..., -2.5477602, -2.339066 ,
            -2.339066 ],
           ...,
           [10.708982 , 10.79629  , 10.959685 , ..., -2.5332015, -2.2342474,
            -2.2342474],
           [10.708982 , 10.833045 , 11.017189 , ..., -2.4986808, -2.2348037,
            -2.2348037],
           [10.708982 , 10.795861 , 10.960124 , ..., -2.5289273, -2.2709153,
            -2.2709153]], shape=(2000, 49), dtype=float32)

  • upward_sea_water_velocity
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    -0.0001589 -0.0001068 ... -6.69e-05

    minval :

    -0.00028799544

    maxval :

    0.00041376665

    array([[-1.5894388e-04, -1.0679813e-04, -6.9227812e-05, ...,
            -2.7938690e-05, -6.7185530e-05, -6.7185530e-05],
           [-1.7294014e-04, -1.2216292e-04, -1.1381413e-04, ...,
            -8.4233056e-05, -1.3337436e-04, -1.3337436e-04],
           [-1.6348237e-04, -1.3040582e-04, -7.9498968e-05, ...,
            -8.4936008e-05, -1.2409429e-04, -1.2409429e-04],
           ...,
           [-1.5913715e-04, -9.2414033e-05, -4.6648980e-05, ...,
            -9.3124865e-05, -1.4555251e-04, -1.4555251e-04],
           [-1.6693995e-04, -1.3499886e-04, -1.0369397e-04, ...,
            -7.6308068e-05, -6.0194481e-05, -6.0194481e-05],
           [-1.5498664e-04, -8.9942005e-05, -4.7560723e-05, ...,
            -5.9057922e-05, -6.6901070e-05, -6.6901070e-05]],
          shape=(2000, 49), dtype=float32)

  • horizontal_diffusivity
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    10.0 10.0 10.0 ... 10.0 10.0 10.0

    minval :

    10.0

    maxval :

    10.0

    array([[10., 10., 10., ..., 10., 10., 10.],
           [10., 10., 10., ..., 10., 10., 10.],
           [10., 10., 10., ..., 10., 10., 10.],
           ...,
           [10., 10., 10., ..., 10., 10., 10.],
           [10., 10., 10., ..., 10., 10., 10.],
           [10., 10., 10., ..., 10., 10., 10.]],
          shape=(2000, 49), dtype=float32)

  • sea_surface_wave_significant_height
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    3.024 3.063 3.118 ... 0.3759 0.3759

    minval :

    0.20418839

    maxval :

    3.593905

    array([[3.023771  , 3.063108  , 3.1179116 , ..., 0.34058067, 0.37133208,
            0.37133208],
           [3.023771  , 3.0518353 , 3.1047275 , ..., 0.34164798, 0.37759522,
            0.37759522],
           [3.023771  , 3.0754657 , 3.1122599 , ..., 0.3459692 , 0.3871672 ,
            0.3871672 ],
           ...,
           [3.023771  , 3.0596046 , 3.1078937 , ..., 0.3358421 , 0.35190418,
            0.35190418],
           [3.023771  , 3.078515  , 3.1393025 , ..., 0.33507678, 0.37189466,
            0.37189466],
           [3.023771  , 3.0594873 , 3.1075287 , ..., 0.34107783, 0.37590674,
            0.37590674]], shape=(2000, 49), dtype=float32)

  • sea_surface_wave_stokes_drift_x_velocity
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 ... 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

    minval :

    0.0

    maxval :

    0.0

    array([[0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           ...,
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.]], shape=(2000, 49), dtype=float32)

  • sea_surface_wave_stokes_drift_y_velocity
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 ... 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

    minval :

    0.0

    maxval :

    0.0

    array([[0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           ...,
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.]], shape=(2000, 49), dtype=float32)

  • sea_floor_depth_below_sea_level
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    275.7 274.4 274.2 ... 329.5 329.5

    minval :

    139.87239

    maxval :

    333.7966

    array([[275.67816, 274.4057 , 274.2217 , ..., 326.25848, 326.5566 ,
            326.5566 ],
           [275.67816, 272.96643, 273.86014, ..., 331.19934, 330.8086 ,
            330.8086 ],
           [275.67816, 274.97852, 273.69647, ..., 330.93024, 332.02783,
            332.02783],
           ...,
           [275.67816, 274.45654, 273.191  , ..., 306.71204, 298.0946 ,
            298.0946 ],
           [275.67816, 275.66116, 275.47266, ..., 323.15167, 319.95474,
            319.95474],
           [275.67816, 274.53992, 273.29965, ..., 330.70197, 329.45743,
            329.45743]], shape=(2000, 49), dtype=float32)

  • land_binary_mask
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 ... 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

    minval :

    0.0

    maxval :

    0.0

    array([[0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           ...,
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.]], shape=(2000, 49), dtype=float32)

• Indexes: (2)
  • trajectory
    PandasIndex

    PandasIndex(Index([   0,    1,    2,    3,    4,    5,    6,    7,    8,    9,
           ...
           1990, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999],
          dtype='int64', name='trajectory', length=2000))

  • time
    PandasIndex

    PandasIndex(DatetimeIndex(['2026-06-23 14:30:55.239572', '2026-06-23 15:00:55.239572',
                   '2026-06-23 15:30:55.239572', '2026-06-23 16:00:55.239572',
                   '2026-06-23 16:30:55.239572', '2026-06-23 17:00:55.239572',
                   '2026-06-23 17:30:55.239572', '2026-06-23 18:00:55.239572',
                   '2026-06-23 18:30:55.239572', '2026-06-23 19:00:55.239572',
                   '2026-06-23 19:30:55.239572', '2026-06-23 20:00:55.239572',
                   '2026-06-23 20:30:55.239572', '2026-06-23 21:00:55.239572',
                   '2026-06-23 21:30:55.239572', '2026-06-23 22:00:55.239572',
                   '2026-06-23 22:30:55.239572', '2026-06-23 23:00:55.239572',
                   '2026-06-23 23:30:55.239572', '2026-06-24 00:00:55.239572',
                   '2026-06-24 00:30:55.239572', '2026-06-24 01:00:55.239572',
                   '2026-06-24 01:30:55.239572', '2026-06-24 02:00:55.239572',
                   '2026-06-24 02:30:55.239572', '2026-06-24 03:00:55.239572',
                   '2026-06-24 03:30:55.239572', '2026-06-24 04:00:55.239572',
                   '2026-06-24 04:30:55.239572', '2026-06-24 05:00:55.239572',
                   '2026-06-24 05:30:55.239572', '2026-06-24 06:00:55.239572',
                   '2026-06-24 06:30:55.239572', '2026-06-24 07:00:55.239572',
                   '2026-06-24 07:30:55.239572', '2026-06-24 08:00:55.239572',
                   '2026-06-24 08:30:55.239572', '2026-06-24 09:00:55.239572',
                   '2026-06-24 09:30:55.239572', '2026-06-24 10:00:55.239572',
                   '2026-06-24 10:30:55.239572', '2026-06-24 11:00:55.239572',
                   '2026-06-24 11:30:55.239572', '2026-06-24 12:00:55.239572',
                   '2026-06-24 12:30:55.239572', '2026-06-24 13:00:55.239572',
                   '2026-06-24 13:30:55.239572', '2026-06-24 14:00:55.239572',
                   '2026-06-24 14:30:55.239572'],
                  dtype='datetime64[ns]', name='time', freq='30min'))

• Attributes: (121)

  Conventions :

  CF-1.11, ACDD-1.3

  standard_name_vocabulary :

  CF Standard Name Table v85

  featureType :

  trajectory

  title :

  OpenDrift trajectory simulation

  summary :

  Output from simulation with OpenDrift framework

  keywords :

  trajectory, drift, lagrangian, simulation

  history :

  Created 2026-06-23 14:30:59.220086

  date_created :

  2026-06-23T14:30:59.220095

  source :

  Output from simulation with OpenDrift

  model_url :

  https://github.com/OpenDrift/opendrift

  opendrift_class :

  OceanDrift

  opendrift_module :

  opendrift.models.oceandrift

  readers :

  odict_keys(['LazyReader: https://thredds.met.no/thredds/dodsC/fou-hi/norkystv3_800m_m00_be', 'constant_reader', 'global_landmask'])

  time_coverage_start :

  2026-06-23 14:30:55.239572

  time_step_calculation :

  0:30:00

  time_step_output :

  0:30:00

  config_environment:constant:x_sea_water_velocity :

  None

  config_environment:fallback:x_sea_water_velocity :

  0

  config_environment:constant:y_sea_water_velocity :

  None

  config_environment:fallback:y_sea_water_velocity :

  0

  config_environment:constant:sea_surface_height :

  None

  config_environment:fallback:sea_surface_height :

  0

  config_environment:constant:x_wind :

  None

  config_environment:fallback:x_wind :

  0

  config_environment:constant:y_wind :

  None

  config_environment:fallback:y_wind :

  0

  config_environment:constant:upward_sea_water_velocity :

  None

  config_environment:fallback:upward_sea_water_velocity :

  0

  config_environment:constant:ocean_vertical_diffusivity :

  None

  config_environment:fallback:ocean_vertical_diffusivity :

  0

  config_environment:constant:horizontal_diffusivity :

  10.0

  config_environment:fallback:horizontal_diffusivity :

  0

  config_environment:constant:sea_surface_wave_significant_height :

  None

  config_environment:fallback:sea_surface_wave_significant_height :

  0

  config_environment:constant:sea_surface_wave_stokes_drift_x_velocity :

  None

  config_environment:fallback:sea_surface_wave_stokes_drift_x_velocity :

  0

  config_environment:constant:sea_surface_wave_stokes_drift_y_velocity :

  None

  config_environment:fallback:sea_surface_wave_stokes_drift_y_velocity :

  0

  config_environment:constant:ocean_mixed_layer_thickness :

  None

  config_environment:fallback:ocean_mixed_layer_thickness :

  50

  config_environment:constant:sea_floor_depth_below_sea_level :

  None

  config_environment:fallback:sea_floor_depth_below_sea_level :

  10000

  config_environment:constant:land_binary_mask :

  None

  config_environment:fallback:land_binary_mask :

  None

  config_general:use_auto_landmask :

  True

  config_drift:current_uncertainty :

  0

  config_drift:current_uncertainty_uniform :

  0

  config_drift:max_speed :

  2.0

  config_readers:max_number_of_fails :

  1

  config_general:simulation_name :

  config_general:coastline_action :

  stranding

  config_general:coastline_approximation_precision :

  0.001

  config_general:time_step_minutes :

  60

  config_general:time_step_output_minutes :

  None

  config_seed:ocean_only :

  True

  config_seed:number :

  1

  config_drift:max_age_seconds :

  None

  config_drift:advection_scheme :

  euler

  config_drift:profiles_depth :

  50

  config_drift:wind_uncertainty :

  0

  config_drift:relative_wind :

  False

  config_drift:deactivate_north_of :

  None

  config_drift:deactivate_south_of :

  None

  config_drift:deactivate_east_of :

  None

  config_drift:deactivate_west_of :

  None

  config_seed:origin_marker :

  0

  config_seed:z :

  0

  config_seed:wind_drift_factor :

  0.02

  config_seed:current_drift_factor :

  1

  config_seed:terminal_velocity :

  0.0

  config_drift:vertical_advection :

  True

  config_drift:vertical_advection_at_surface :

  False

  config_drift:water_column_stretching :

  False

  config_drift:vertical_advection_correction :

  False

  config_drift:vertical_mixing :

  False

  config_drift:vertical_mixing_at_surface :

  False

  config_vertical_mixing:timestep :

  60

  config_vertical_mixing:diffusivitymodel :

  environment

  config_vertical_mixing:background_diffusivity :

  1.2e-05

  config_vertical_mixing:TSprofiles :

  False

  config_drift:wind_drift_depth :

  0.1

  config_drift:stokes_drift :

  True

  config_drift:stokes_drift_profile :

  Phillips

  config_drift:use_tabularised_stokes_drift :

  False

  config_drift:tabularised_stokes_drift_fetch :

  25000

  config_general:seafloor_action :

  lift_to_seafloor

  config_drift:truncate_ocean_model_below_m :

  None

  config_seed:seafloor :

  False

  opendrift_version :

  1.14.9

  seed_geojson :

  {"features": [], "type": "FeatureCollection"}

  simulation_time :

  2026-06-23 14:30:59.226847

  reader_x_sea_water_velocity :

  ['https://thredds.met.no/thredds/dodsC/fou-hi/norkystv3_800m_m00_be']

  reader_y_sea_water_velocity :

  ['https://thredds.met.no/thredds/dodsC/fou-hi/norkystv3_800m_m00_be']

  reader_sea_surface_height :

  ['https://thredds.met.no/thredds/dodsC/fou-hi/norkystv3_800m_m00_be']

  reader_x_wind :

  ['https://thredds.met.no/thredds/dodsC/fou-hi/norkystv3_800m_m00_be']

  reader_y_wind :

  ['https://thredds.met.no/thredds/dodsC/fou-hi/norkystv3_800m_m00_be']

  reader_upward_sea_water_velocity :

  ['https://thredds.met.no/thredds/dodsC/fou-hi/norkystv3_800m_m00_be']

  reader_horizontal_diffusivity :

  10.0

  reader_sea_surface_wave_significant_height :

  0

  reader_sea_surface_wave_stokes_drift_x_velocity :

  0

  reader_sea_surface_wave_stokes_drift_y_velocity :

  0

  reader_sea_floor_depth_below_sea_level :

  ['https://thredds.met.no/thredds/dodsC/fou-hi/norkystv3_800m_m00_be']

  reader_land_binary_mask :

  ['global_landmask']

  time_coverage_end :

  2026-06-24 14:30:55.239572

  time_coverage_duration :

  P1DT0H0M0S

  time_coverage_resolution :

  P0DT0H30M0S

  performance :

  -------------------- Reader performance: -------------------- constant_reader 0:00:00.0 total 0:00:00.0 preparing 0:00:00.0 reading 0:00:00.0 masking -------------------- global_landmask 0:00:00.0 total 0:00:00.0 preparing 0:00:00.0 reading 0:00:00.0 masking -------------------- https://thredds.met.no/thredds/dodsC/fou-hi/norkystv3_800m_m00_be 0:00:28.9 total 0:00:00.0 preparing 0:00:28.5 reading 0:00:00.6 interpolation 0:00:00.0 interpolation_time 0:00:00.3 rotating vectors 0:00:00.0 masking -------------------- Performance: 36.8 total time 3.9 configuration 0.0 preparing main loop 0.0 moving elements to ocean 32.8 main loop 0.1 updating elements 0.0 cleaning up --------------------

  geospatial_bounds_crs :

  EPSG:4326

  geospatial_bounds_vertical_crs :

  EPSG:5831

  geospatial_lat_min :

  59.996033

  geospatial_lat_max :

  60.327972

  geospatial_lat_units :

  degrees_north

  geospatial_lat_resolution :

  point

  geospatial_lon_min :

  4.6873984

  geospatial_lon_max :

  4.8826704

  geospatial_lon_units :

  degrees_east

  geospatial_lon_resolution :

  point

  runtime :

  0:00:36.896520

  geospatial_vertical_min :

  -52.612316

  geospatial_vertical_max :

  0.0

  geospatial_vertical_positive :

  up

Plot results with lines and particles colored by depth

print(o)
o.plot(linecolor='z', buffer=.1, show_elements=False)
o.animation(color='z', buffer=.1)

===========================
--------------------
Reader performance:
--------------------
constant_reader
 0:00:00.0  total
 0:00:00.0  preparing
 0:00:00.0  reading
 0:00:00.0  masking
--------------------
global_landmask
 0:00:00.0  total
 0:00:00.0  preparing
 0:00:00.0  reading
 0:00:00.0  masking
--------------------
https://thredds.met.no/thredds/dodsC/fou-hi/norkystv3_800m_m00_be
 0:00:28.9  total
 0:00:00.0  preparing
 0:00:28.5  reading
 0:00:00.6  interpolation
 0:00:00.0  interpolation_time
 0:00:00.3  rotating vectors
 0:00:00.0  masking
--------------------
Performance:
   36.8 total time
    3.9 configuration
    0.0 preparing main loop
      0.0 moving elements to ocean
   32.8 main loop
      0.1 updating elements
    0.0 cleaning up
--------------------
===========================
Model:  OceanDrift     (OpenDrift version 1.14.9)
        2000 active Lagrangian3DArray particles  (0 deactivated, 0 scheduled)
-------------------
Environment variables:
  -----
  horizontal_diffusivity
     1) constant_reader
  -----
  land_binary_mask
     1) global_landmask
  -----
  sea_floor_depth_below_sea_level
  sea_surface_height
  upward_sea_water_velocity
  x_sea_water_velocity
  x_wind
  y_sea_water_velocity
  y_wind
     1) https://thredds.met.no/thredds/dodsC/fou-hi/norkystv3_800m_m00_be
  -----
Readers not added for the following variables:
  sea_surface_wave_significant_height
  sea_surface_wave_stokes_drift_x_velocity
  sea_surface_wave_stokes_drift_y_velocity

Discarded readers:

Time:
        Start: 2026-06-23 14:30:55.239572 UTC
        Present: 2026-06-24 14:30:55.239572 UTC
        Calculation steps: 48 * 0:30:00 - total time: 1 day, 0:00:00
        Output steps: 49 * 0:30:00
===========================

14:32:23 INFO    opendrift:4777: Saving animation to /root/project/docs/source/gallery/animations/example_depth_0.gif...
14:32:45 INFO    opendrift:3199: Time to make animation: 0:00:22.499715