Note
Go to the end to download the full example code.
Drift at different depths
from datetime import datetime, timedelta
import numpy as np
from opendrift.models.oceandrift import OceanDrift
o = OceanDrift(loglevel=20) # Set loglevel to 0 for debug information
08:25:15 INFO opendrift:568: OpenDriftSimulation initialised (version 1.14.9 / v1.14.9-9-gcde0dcf)
Using live data from Thredds
o.add_readers_from_list([
'https://thredds.met.no/thredds/dodsC/fou-hi/norkystv3_800m_m00_be'])
Adding some diffusion
o.set_config('environment:constant:horizontal_diffusivity', 10) # m2/s
Seed 1000 elements at random depths
z = -np.random.rand(2000)*50
o.seed_elements(lon=4.8, lat=60.0, z=z, radius=0, number=2000,
time=datetime.now())
print(o)
08:25:15 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:203: Adding a global landmask from GSHHG
08:25:19 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:227: Fallback values will be used for the following variables which have no readers:
08:25:19 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:230: x_sea_water_velocity: 0.000000
08:25:19 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:230: y_sea_water_velocity: 0.000000
08:25:19 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:230: sea_surface_height: 0.000000
08:25:19 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:230: x_wind: 0.000000
08:25:19 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:230: y_wind: 0.000000
08:25:19 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:230: upward_sea_water_velocity: 0.000000
08:25:19 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:230: ocean_vertical_diffusivity: 0.000000
08:25:19 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:230: sea_surface_wave_significant_height: 0.000000
08:25:19 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:230: sea_surface_wave_stokes_drift_x_velocity: 0.000000
08:25:19 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:230: sea_surface_wave_stokes_drift_y_velocity: 0.000000
08:25:19 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:230: ocean_mixed_layer_thickness: 50.000000
08:25:19 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:230: sea_floor_depth_below_sea_level: 10000.000000
===========================
Model: OceanDrift (OpenDrift version 1.14.9)
0 active Lagrangian3DArray particles (0 deactivated, 2000 scheduled)
-------------------
Environment variables:
-----
horizontal_diffusivity
1) constant_reader
-----
land_binary_mask
1) global_landmask
-----
Readers not added for the following variables:
ocean_mixed_layer_thickness
ocean_vertical_diffusivity
sea_floor_depth_below_sea_level
sea_surface_height
sea_surface_wave_significant_height
sea_surface_wave_stokes_drift_x_velocity
sea_surface_wave_stokes_drift_y_velocity
upward_sea_water_velocity
x_sea_water_velocity
x_wind
y_sea_water_velocity
y_wind
---
Lazy readers:
LazyReader: https://thredds.met.no/thredds/dodsC/fou-hi/norkystv3_800m_m00_be
Discarded readers:
===========================
Running model
o.run(duration=timedelta(hours=24), time_step=1800)
08:25:19 INFO opendrift:1828: Skipping environment variable ocean_vertical_diffusivity because of condition ['drift:vertical_mixing', 'is', False]
08:25:19 INFO opendrift:1828: Skipping environment variable ocean_mixed_layer_thickness because of condition ['drift:vertical_mixing', 'is', False]
08:25:19 INFO opendrift:1839: Storing previous values of element property lon because of condition (('general:coastline_action', 'in', ['stranding', 'previous']), 'or', ('general:seafloor_action', 'in', ['previous']))
08:25:19 INFO opendrift:1839: Storing previous values of element property lat because of condition (('general:coastline_action', 'in', ['stranding', 'previous']), 'or', ('general:seafloor_action', 'in', ['previous']))
08:25:19 INFO opendrift:1847: Storing previous values of environment variable sea_surface_height because of condition ['drift:vertical_advection', 'is', True]
08:25:19 INFO opendrift:947: Using existing reader for land_binary_mask to move elements to ocean
08:25:19 INFO opendrift:978: All points are in ocean
08:25:19 INFO opendrift:2136: 2026-03-25 08:25:15.306217 - step 1 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
08:25:19 INFO opendrift.readers:64: Opening file with xr.open_dataset
08:25:23 INFO opendrift.readers.reader_netCDF_CF_generic:340: Detected dimensions: {'x': 'X', 'y': 'Y', 'z': 'depth', 'time': 'time'}
08:25:23 INFO opendrift.readers.basereader:178: Variable x_sea_water_velocity will be rotated from eastward_sea_water_velocity
08:25:23 INFO opendrift.readers.basereader:178: Variable y_sea_water_velocity will be rotated from northward_sea_water_velocity
08:25:23 INFO opendrift.readers.basereader:178: Variable x_wind will be rotated from eastward_wind
08:25:23 INFO opendrift.readers.basereader:178: Variable y_wind will be rotated from northward_wind
08:25:26 INFO opendrift:2136: 2026-03-25 08:55:15.306217 - step 2 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
08:25:26 INFO opendrift:2136: 2026-03-25 09:25:15.306217 - step 3 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
08:25:28 INFO opendrift:2136: 2026-03-25 09:55:15.306217 - step 4 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
08:25:28 INFO opendrift:2136: 2026-03-25 10:25:15.306217 - step 5 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
08:25:29 INFO opendrift:2136: 2026-03-25 10:55:15.306217 - step 6 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
08:25:29 INFO opendrift:2136: 2026-03-25 11:25:15.306217 - step 7 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
08:25:31 INFO opendrift:2136: 2026-03-25 11:55:15.306217 - step 8 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
08:25:31 INFO opendrift:2136: 2026-03-25 12:25:15.306217 - step 9 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
08:25:33 INFO opendrift:2136: 2026-03-25 12:55:15.306217 - step 10 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
08:25:33 INFO opendrift:2136: 2026-03-25 13:25:15.306217 - step 11 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
08:25:34 INFO opendrift:2136: 2026-03-25 13:55:15.306217 - step 12 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
08:25:35 INFO opendrift:2136: 2026-03-25 14:25:15.306217 - step 13 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
08:25:36 INFO opendrift:2136: 2026-03-25 14:55:15.306217 - step 14 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
08:25:36 INFO opendrift:2136: 2026-03-25 15:25:15.306217 - step 15 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
08:25:38 INFO opendrift:2136: 2026-03-25 15:55:15.306217 - step 16 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
08:25:38 INFO opendrift:2136: 2026-03-25 16:25:15.306217 - step 17 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
08:25:39 INFO opendrift:2136: 2026-03-25 16:55:15.306217 - step 18 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
08:25:39 INFO opendrift:2136: 2026-03-25 17:25:15.306217 - step 19 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
08:25:41 INFO opendrift:2136: 2026-03-25 17:55:15.306217 - step 20 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
08:25:41 INFO opendrift:2136: 2026-03-25 18:25:15.306217 - step 21 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
08:25:43 INFO opendrift:2136: 2026-03-25 18:55:15.306217 - step 22 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
08:25:43 INFO opendrift:2136: 2026-03-25 19:25:15.306217 - step 23 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
08:25:44 INFO opendrift:2136: 2026-03-25 19:55:15.306217 - step 24 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
08:25:44 INFO opendrift:2136: 2026-03-25 20:25:15.306217 - step 25 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
08:25:46 INFO opendrift:2136: 2026-03-25 20:55:15.306217 - step 26 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
08:25:46 INFO opendrift:2136: 2026-03-25 21:25:15.306217 - step 27 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
08:25:48 INFO opendrift:2136: 2026-03-25 21:55:15.306217 - step 28 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
08:25:48 INFO opendrift:2136: 2026-03-25 22:25:15.306217 - step 29 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
08:25:50 INFO opendrift:2136: 2026-03-25 22:55:15.306217 - step 30 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
08:25:50 INFO opendrift:2136: 2026-03-25 23:25:15.306217 - step 31 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
08:25:51 INFO opendrift:2136: 2026-03-25 23:55:15.306217 - step 32 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
08:25:51 INFO opendrift:2136: 2026-03-26 00:25:15.306217 - step 33 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
08:25:52 INFO opendrift:2136: 2026-03-26 00:55:15.306217 - step 34 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
08:25:52 INFO opendrift:2136: 2026-03-26 01:25:15.306217 - step 35 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
08:25:54 INFO opendrift:2136: 2026-03-26 01:55:15.306217 - step 36 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
08:25:54 INFO opendrift:2136: 2026-03-26 02:25:15.306217 - step 37 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
08:25:55 INFO opendrift:2136: 2026-03-26 02:55:15.306217 - step 38 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
08:25:55 INFO opendrift:2136: 2026-03-26 03:25:15.306217 - step 39 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
08:25:57 INFO opendrift:2136: 2026-03-26 03:55:15.306217 - step 40 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
08:25:57 INFO opendrift:2136: 2026-03-26 04:25:15.306217 - step 41 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
08:25:59 INFO opendrift:2136: 2026-03-26 04:55:15.306217 - step 42 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
08:25:59 INFO opendrift:2136: 2026-03-26 05:25:15.306217 - step 43 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
08:26:00 INFO opendrift:2136: 2026-03-26 05:55:15.306217 - step 44 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
08:26:01 INFO opendrift:2136: 2026-03-26 06:25:15.306217 - step 45 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
08:26:02 INFO opendrift:2136: 2026-03-26 06:55:15.306217 - step 46 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
08:26:02 INFO opendrift:2136: 2026-03-26 07:25:15.306217 - step 47 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
08:26:04 INFO opendrift:2136: 2026-03-26 07:55:15.306217 - step 48 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
Plot results with lines and particles colored by depth
print(o)
o.plot(linecolor='z', buffer=.1, show_elements=False)
o.animation(color='z', buffer=.1)
===========================
--------------------
Reader performance:
--------------------
constant_reader
0:00:00.0 total
0:00:00.0 preparing
0:00:00.0 reading
0:00:00.0 masking
--------------------
global_landmask
0:00:00.0 total
0:00:00.0 preparing
0:00:00.0 reading
0:00:00.0 masking
--------------------
https://thredds.met.no/thredds/dodsC/fou-hi/norkystv3_800m_m00_be
0:00:39.6 total
0:00:00.0 preparing
0:00:39.1 reading
0:00:00.8 interpolation
0:00:00.0 interpolation_time
0:00:00.4 rotating vectors
0:00:00.0 masking
--------------------
Performance:
49.1 total time
4.2 configuration
0.0 preparing main loop
0.0 moving elements to ocean
44.9 main loop
0.1 updating elements
0.0 cleaning up
--------------------
===========================
Model: OceanDrift (OpenDrift version 1.14.9)
2000 active Lagrangian3DArray particles (0 deactivated, 0 scheduled)
-------------------
Environment variables:
-----
horizontal_diffusivity
1) constant_reader
-----
land_binary_mask
1) global_landmask
-----
sea_floor_depth_below_sea_level
sea_surface_height
upward_sea_water_velocity
x_sea_water_velocity
x_wind
y_sea_water_velocity
y_wind
1) https://thredds.met.no/thredds/dodsC/fou-hi/norkystv3_800m_m00_be
-----
Readers not added for the following variables:
sea_surface_wave_significant_height
sea_surface_wave_stokes_drift_x_velocity
sea_surface_wave_stokes_drift_y_velocity
Discarded readers:
Time:
Start: 2026-03-25 08:25:15.306217 UTC
Present: 2026-03-26 08:25:15.306217 UTC
Calculation steps: 48 * 0:30:00 - total time: 1 day, 0:00:00
Output steps: 49 * 0:30:00
===========================
08:26:58 INFO opendrift:4697: Saving animation to /root/project/docs/source/gallery/animations/example_depth_0.gif...
08:27:28 INFO opendrift:3120: Time to make animation: 0:00:30.768098
Total running time of the script: (2 minutes 22.233 seconds)