Note
Go to the end to download the full example code.
Drift at different depths
from datetime import datetime, timedelta
import numpy as np
from opendrift.models.oceandrift import OceanDrift
o = OceanDrift(loglevel=20) # Set loglevel to 0 for debug information
14:15:05 INFO opendrift:576: OpenDriftSimulation initialised (version 1.14.8 / v1.14.8-22-ged2e201)
Using live data from Thredds
o.add_readers_from_list([
'https://thredds.met.no/thredds/dodsC/fou-hi/norkystv3_800m_m00_be'])
Adding some diffusion
o.set_config('environment:constant:horizontal_diffusivity', 10) # m2/s
Seed 1000 elements at random depths
z = -np.random.rand(2000)*50
o.seed_elements(lon=4.8, lat=60.0, z=z, radius=0, number=2000,
time=datetime.now())
print(o)
14:15:05 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:203: Adding a global landmask from GSHHG
14:15:09 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:227: Fallback values will be used for the following variables which have no readers:
14:15:09 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:230: x_sea_water_velocity: 0.000000
14:15:09 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:230: y_sea_water_velocity: 0.000000
14:15:09 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:230: sea_surface_height: 0.000000
14:15:09 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:230: x_wind: 0.000000
14:15:09 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:230: y_wind: 0.000000
14:15:09 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:230: upward_sea_water_velocity: 0.000000
14:15:09 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:230: ocean_vertical_diffusivity: 0.000000
14:15:09 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:230: sea_surface_wave_significant_height: 0.000000
14:15:09 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:230: sea_surface_wave_stokes_drift_x_velocity: 0.000000
14:15:09 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:230: sea_surface_wave_stokes_drift_y_velocity: 0.000000
14:15:09 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:230: ocean_mixed_layer_thickness: 50.000000
14:15:09 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:230: sea_floor_depth_below_sea_level: 10000.000000
===========================
Model: OceanDrift (OpenDrift version 1.14.8)
0 active Lagrangian3DArray particles (0 deactivated, 2000 scheduled)
-------------------
Environment variables:
-----
horizontal_diffusivity
1) constant_reader
-----
land_binary_mask
1) global_landmask
-----
Readers not added for the following variables:
ocean_mixed_layer_thickness
ocean_vertical_diffusivity
sea_floor_depth_below_sea_level
sea_surface_height
sea_surface_wave_significant_height
sea_surface_wave_stokes_drift_x_velocity
sea_surface_wave_stokes_drift_y_velocity
upward_sea_water_velocity
x_sea_water_velocity
x_wind
y_sea_water_velocity
y_wind
---
Lazy readers:
LazyReader: https://thredds.met.no/thredds/dodsC/fou-hi/norkystv3_800m_m00_be
Discarded readers:
===========================
Running model
o.run(duration=timedelta(hours=24), time_step=1800)
14:15:09 INFO opendrift:1836: Skipping environment variable ocean_vertical_diffusivity because of condition ['drift:vertical_mixing', 'is', False]
14:15:09 INFO opendrift:1836: Skipping environment variable ocean_mixed_layer_thickness because of condition ['drift:vertical_mixing', 'is', False]
14:15:09 INFO opendrift:1847: Storing previous values of element property lon because of condition (('general:coastline_action', 'in', ['stranding', 'previous']), 'or', ('general:seafloor_action', 'in', ['previous']))
14:15:09 INFO opendrift:1847: Storing previous values of element property lat because of condition (('general:coastline_action', 'in', ['stranding', 'previous']), 'or', ('general:seafloor_action', 'in', ['previous']))
14:15:09 INFO opendrift:1855: Storing previous values of environment variable sea_surface_height because of condition ['drift:vertical_advection', 'is', True]
14:15:09 INFO opendrift:955: Using existing reader for land_binary_mask to move elements to ocean
14:15:09 INFO opendrift:986: All points are in ocean
14:15:09 INFO opendrift:2144: 2026-03-03 14:15:05.789196 - step 1 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:15:09 INFO opendrift.readers:63: Opening file with xr.open_dataset
14:15:13 INFO opendrift.readers.reader_netCDF_CF_generic:332: Detected dimensions: {'x': 'X', 'y': 'Y', 'z': 'depth', 'time': 'time'}
14:15:13 INFO opendrift.readers.basereader:178: Variable x_sea_water_velocity will be rotated from eastward_sea_water_velocity
14:15:13 INFO opendrift.readers.basereader:178: Variable y_sea_water_velocity will be rotated from northward_sea_water_velocity
14:15:13 INFO opendrift.readers.basereader:178: Variable x_wind will be rotated from eastward_wind
14:15:13 INFO opendrift.readers.basereader:178: Variable y_wind will be rotated from northward_wind
14:15:15 INFO opendrift:2144: 2026-03-03 14:45:05.789196 - step 2 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:15:15 INFO opendrift:2144: 2026-03-03 15:15:05.789196 - step 3 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:15:17 INFO opendrift:2144: 2026-03-03 15:45:05.789196 - step 4 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:15:17 INFO opendrift:2144: 2026-03-03 16:15:05.789196 - step 5 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:15:18 INFO opendrift:2144: 2026-03-03 16:45:05.789196 - step 6 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:15:18 INFO opendrift:2144: 2026-03-03 17:15:05.789196 - step 7 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:15:19 INFO opendrift:2144: 2026-03-03 17:45:05.789196 - step 8 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:15:19 INFO opendrift:2144: 2026-03-03 18:15:05.789196 - step 9 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:15:20 INFO opendrift:2144: 2026-03-03 18:45:05.789196 - step 10 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:15:21 INFO opendrift:2144: 2026-03-03 19:15:05.789196 - step 11 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:15:22 INFO opendrift:2144: 2026-03-03 19:45:05.789196 - step 12 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:15:22 INFO opendrift:2144: 2026-03-03 20:15:05.789196 - step 13 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:15:23 INFO opendrift:2144: 2026-03-03 20:45:05.789196 - step 14 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:15:23 INFO opendrift:2144: 2026-03-03 21:15:05.789196 - step 15 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:15:24 INFO opendrift:2144: 2026-03-03 21:45:05.789196 - step 16 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:15:24 INFO opendrift:2144: 2026-03-03 22:15:05.789196 - step 17 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:15:26 INFO opendrift:2144: 2026-03-03 22:45:05.789196 - step 18 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:15:26 INFO opendrift:2144: 2026-03-03 23:15:05.789196 - step 19 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:15:27 INFO opendrift:2144: 2026-03-03 23:45:05.789196 - step 20 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:15:27 INFO opendrift:2144: 2026-03-04 00:15:05.789196 - step 21 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:15:28 INFO opendrift:2144: 2026-03-04 00:45:05.789196 - step 22 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:15:28 INFO opendrift:2144: 2026-03-04 01:15:05.789196 - step 23 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:15:30 INFO opendrift:2144: 2026-03-04 01:45:05.789196 - step 24 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:15:30 INFO opendrift:2144: 2026-03-04 02:15:05.789196 - step 25 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:15:32 INFO opendrift:2144: 2026-03-04 02:45:05.789196 - step 26 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:15:33 INFO opendrift:2144: 2026-03-04 03:15:05.789196 - step 27 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:15:35 INFO opendrift:2144: 2026-03-04 03:45:05.789196 - step 28 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:15:35 INFO opendrift:2144: 2026-03-04 04:15:05.789196 - step 29 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:15:36 INFO opendrift:2144: 2026-03-04 04:45:05.789196 - step 30 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:15:38 INFO opendrift:2144: 2026-03-04 05:15:05.789196 - step 31 of 48 - 1999 active elements (1 deactivated)
14:15:39 INFO opendrift:2144: 2026-03-04 05:45:05.789196 - step 32 of 48 - 1998 active elements (2 deactivated)
14:15:39 INFO opendrift:2144: 2026-03-04 06:15:05.789196 - step 33 of 48 - 1998 active elements (2 deactivated)
14:15:40 INFO opendrift:2144: 2026-03-04 06:45:05.789196 - step 34 of 48 - 1997 active elements (3 deactivated)
14:15:41 INFO opendrift:2144: 2026-03-04 07:15:05.789196 - step 35 of 48 - 1996 active elements (4 deactivated)
14:15:42 INFO opendrift:2144: 2026-03-04 07:45:05.789196 - step 36 of 48 - 1992 active elements (8 deactivated)
14:15:42 INFO opendrift:2144: 2026-03-04 08:15:05.789196 - step 37 of 48 - 1991 active elements (9 deactivated)
14:15:43 INFO opendrift:2144: 2026-03-04 08:45:05.789196 - step 38 of 48 - 1989 active elements (11 deactivated)
14:15:43 INFO opendrift:2144: 2026-03-04 09:15:05.789196 - step 39 of 48 - 1989 active elements (11 deactivated)
14:15:45 INFO opendrift:2144: 2026-03-04 09:45:05.789196 - step 40 of 48 - 1987 active elements (13 deactivated)
14:15:45 INFO opendrift:2144: 2026-03-04 10:15:05.789196 - step 41 of 48 - 1985 active elements (15 deactivated)
14:15:46 INFO opendrift:2144: 2026-03-04 10:45:05.789196 - step 42 of 48 - 1983 active elements (17 deactivated)
14:15:46 INFO opendrift:2144: 2026-03-04 11:15:05.789196 - step 43 of 48 - 1981 active elements (19 deactivated)
14:15:47 INFO opendrift:2144: 2026-03-04 11:45:05.789196 - step 44 of 48 - 1979 active elements (21 deactivated)
14:15:47 INFO opendrift:2144: 2026-03-04 12:15:05.789196 - step 45 of 48 - 1979 active elements (21 deactivated)
14:15:49 INFO opendrift:2144: 2026-03-04 12:45:05.789196 - step 46 of 48 - 1978 active elements (22 deactivated)
14:15:49 INFO opendrift:2144: 2026-03-04 13:15:05.789196 - step 47 of 48 - 1976 active elements (24 deactivated)
14:15:50 INFO opendrift:2144: 2026-03-04 13:45:05.789196 - step 48 of 48 - 1975 active elements (25 deactivated)
Plot results with lines and particles colored by depth
print(o)
o.plot(linecolor='z', buffer=.1, show_elements=False)
o.animation(color='z', buffer=.1)
===========================
--------------------
Reader performance:
--------------------
constant_reader
0:00:00.0 total
0:00:00.0 preparing
0:00:00.0 reading
0:00:00.0 masking
--------------------
global_landmask
0:00:01.5 total
0:00:00.0 preparing
0:00:01.5 reading
0:00:00.0 masking
--------------------
https://thredds.met.no/thredds/dodsC/fou-hi/norkystv3_800m_m00_be
0:00:32.3 total
0:00:00.0 preparing
0:00:31.9 reading
0:00:00.8 interpolation
0:00:00.0 interpolation_time
0:00:00.3 rotating vectors
0:00:00.0 masking
--------------------
Performance:
44.9 total time
4.1 configuration
0.0 preparing main loop
0.0 moving elements to ocean
40.7 main loop
0.1 updating elements
0.0 cleaning up
--------------------
===========================
Model: OceanDrift (OpenDrift version 1.14.8)
1974 active Lagrangian3DArray particles (26 deactivated, 0 scheduled)
-------------------
Environment variables:
-----
horizontal_diffusivity
1) constant_reader
-----
land_binary_mask
1) global_landmask
-----
sea_floor_depth_below_sea_level
sea_surface_height
upward_sea_water_velocity
x_sea_water_velocity
x_wind
y_sea_water_velocity
y_wind
1) https://thredds.met.no/thredds/dodsC/fou-hi/norkystv3_800m_m00_be
-----
Readers not added for the following variables:
sea_surface_wave_significant_height
sea_surface_wave_stokes_drift_x_velocity
sea_surface_wave_stokes_drift_y_velocity
Discarded readers:
Time:
Start: 2026-03-03 14:15:05.789196 UTC
Present: 2026-03-04 14:15:05.789196 UTC
Calculation steps: 48 * 0:30:00 - total time: 1 day, 0:00:00
Output steps: 49 * 0:30:00
===========================
14:16:45 INFO opendrift:4705: Saving animation to /root/project/docs/source/gallery/animations/example_depth_0.gif...
14:17:13 INFO opendrift:3128: Time to make animation: 0:00:28.974864
Total running time of the script: (2 minutes 15.845 seconds)