Drift at different depths

from datetime import datetime, timedelta
import numpy as np
from opendrift.models.oceandrift import OceanDrift

o = OceanDrift(loglevel=20)  # Set loglevel to 0 for debug information
15:21:07 INFO    opendrift:509: OpenDriftSimulation initialised (version 1.13.1 / v1.13.1-12-gca7f755)

Using live data from Thredds

o.add_readers_from_list([
    'https://thredds.met.no/thredds/dodsC/sea/norkyst800m/1h/aggregate_be'])

Adding some diffusion

o.set_config('drift:horizontal_diffusivity', 10)  # m2/s

Seed 1000 elements at random depths

z = -np.random.rand(2000)*50
o.seed_elements(lon=4.8, lat=60.0, z=z, radius=0, number=2000,
                time=datetime.utcnow())

print(o)
15:21:07 INFO    opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:206: Adding a global landmask from GSHHG
15:21:11 INFO    opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:229: Fallback values will be used for the following variables which have no readers:
15:21:11 INFO    opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:232:    x_sea_water_velocity: 0.000000
15:21:11 INFO    opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:232:    y_sea_water_velocity: 0.000000
15:21:11 INFO    opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:232:    sea_surface_height: 0.000000
15:21:11 INFO    opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:232:    x_wind: 0.000000
15:21:11 INFO    opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:232:    y_wind: 0.000000
15:21:11 INFO    opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:232:    upward_sea_water_velocity: 0.000000
15:21:11 INFO    opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:232:    ocean_vertical_diffusivity: 0.000000
15:21:11 INFO    opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:232:    sea_surface_wave_significant_height: 0.000000
15:21:11 INFO    opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:232:    sea_surface_wave_stokes_drift_x_velocity: 0.000000
15:21:11 INFO    opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:232:    sea_surface_wave_stokes_drift_y_velocity: 0.000000
15:21:11 INFO    opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:232:    sea_surface_wave_period_at_variance_spectral_density_maximum: 0.000000
15:21:11 INFO    opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:232:    sea_surface_wave_mean_period_from_variance_spectral_density_second_frequency_moment: 0.000000
15:21:11 INFO    opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:232:    sea_surface_swell_wave_to_direction: 0.000000
15:21:11 INFO    opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:232:    sea_surface_swell_wave_peak_period_from_variance_spectral_density: 0.000000
15:21:11 INFO    opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:232:    sea_surface_swell_wave_significant_height: 0.000000
15:21:11 INFO    opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:232:    sea_surface_wind_wave_to_direction: 0.000000
15:21:11 INFO    opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:232:    sea_surface_wind_wave_mean_period: 0.000000
15:21:11 INFO    opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:232:    sea_surface_wind_wave_significant_height: 0.000000
15:21:11 INFO    opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:232:    surface_downward_x_stress: 0.000000
15:21:11 INFO    opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:232:    surface_downward_y_stress: 0.000000
15:21:11 INFO    opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:232:    turbulent_kinetic_energy: 0.000000
15:21:11 INFO    opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:232:    turbulent_generic_length_scale: 0.000000
15:21:11 INFO    opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:232:    ocean_mixed_layer_thickness: 50.000000
15:21:11 INFO    opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:232:    sea_floor_depth_below_sea_level: 10000.000000
===========================
Model:  OceanDrift     (OpenDrift version 1.13.1)
        0 active Lagrangian3DArray particles  (0 deactivated, 2000 scheduled)
-------------------
Environment variables:
  -----
  land_binary_mask
     1) global_landmask
  -----
Readers not added for the following variables:
  ocean_mixed_layer_thickness
  ocean_vertical_diffusivity
  sea_floor_depth_below_sea_level
  sea_surface_height
  sea_surface_swell_wave_peak_period_from_variance_spectral_density
  sea_surface_swell_wave_significant_height
  sea_surface_swell_wave_to_direction
  sea_surface_wave_mean_period_from_variance_spectral_density_second_frequency_moment
  sea_surface_wave_period_at_variance_spectral_density_maximum
  sea_surface_wave_significant_height
  sea_surface_wave_stokes_drift_x_velocity
  sea_surface_wave_stokes_drift_y_velocity
  sea_surface_wind_wave_mean_period
  sea_surface_wind_wave_significant_height
  sea_surface_wind_wave_to_direction
  surface_downward_x_stress
  surface_downward_y_stress
  turbulent_generic_length_scale
  turbulent_kinetic_energy
  upward_sea_water_velocity
  x_sea_water_velocity
  x_wind
  y_sea_water_velocity
  y_wind
---
Lazy readers:
  LazyReader: https://thredds.met.no/thredds/dodsC/sea/norkyst800m/1h/aggregate_be

Discarded readers:
===========================

Running model

o.run(duration=timedelta(hours=24), time_step=1800)
15:21:11 INFO    opendrift:919: Using existing reader for land_binary_mask
15:21:11 INFO    opendrift:930: All points are in ocean
15:21:11 INFO    opendrift:2056: 2025-04-03 15:21:07.022289 - step 1 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
15:21:11 INFO    opendrift.readers:61: Opening file with xr.open_dataset
15:21:12 INFO    opendrift.readers.reader_netCDF_CF_generic:332: Detected dimensions: {'x': 'X', 'y': 'Y', 'z': 'depth', 'time': 'time'}
15:21:15 INFO    opendrift:2056: 2025-04-03 15:51:07.022289 - step 2 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
15:21:15 INFO    opendrift:2056: 2025-04-03 16:21:07.022289 - step 3 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
15:21:17 INFO    opendrift:2056: 2025-04-03 16:51:07.022289 - step 4 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
15:21:17 INFO    opendrift:2056: 2025-04-03 17:21:07.022289 - step 5 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
15:21:19 INFO    opendrift:2056: 2025-04-03 17:51:07.022289 - step 6 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
15:21:19 INFO    opendrift:2056: 2025-04-03 18:21:07.022289 - step 7 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
15:21:21 INFO    opendrift:2056: 2025-04-03 18:51:07.022289 - step 8 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
15:21:21 INFO    opendrift:2056: 2025-04-03 19:21:07.022289 - step 9 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
15:21:22 INFO    opendrift:2056: 2025-04-03 19:51:07.022289 - step 10 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
15:21:22 INFO    opendrift:2056: 2025-04-03 20:21:07.022289 - step 11 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
15:21:24 INFO    opendrift:2056: 2025-04-03 20:51:07.022289 - step 12 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
15:21:24 INFO    opendrift:2056: 2025-04-03 21:21:07.022289 - step 13 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
15:21:26 INFO    opendrift:2056: 2025-04-03 21:51:07.022289 - step 14 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
15:21:26 INFO    opendrift:2056: 2025-04-03 22:21:07.022289 - step 15 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
15:21:27 INFO    opendrift:2056: 2025-04-03 22:51:07.022289 - step 16 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
15:21:27 INFO    opendrift:2056: 2025-04-03 23:21:07.022289 - step 17 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
15:21:29 INFO    opendrift:2056: 2025-04-03 23:51:07.022289 - step 18 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
15:21:30 INFO    opendrift:2056: 2025-04-04 00:21:07.022289 - step 19 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
15:21:32 INFO    opendrift:2056: 2025-04-04 00:51:07.022289 - step 20 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
15:21:32 INFO    opendrift:2056: 2025-04-04 01:21:07.022289 - step 21 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
15:21:35 INFO    opendrift:2056: 2025-04-04 01:51:07.022289 - step 22 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
15:21:35 INFO    opendrift:2056: 2025-04-04 02:21:07.022289 - step 23 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
15:21:38 INFO    opendrift:2056: 2025-04-04 02:51:07.022289 - step 24 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
15:21:38 INFO    opendrift:2056: 2025-04-04 03:21:07.022289 - step 25 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
15:21:41 INFO    opendrift:2056: 2025-04-04 03:51:07.022289 - step 26 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
15:21:41 INFO    opendrift:2056: 2025-04-04 04:21:07.022289 - step 27 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
15:21:43 INFO    opendrift:2056: 2025-04-04 04:51:07.022289 - step 28 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
15:21:43 INFO    opendrift:2056: 2025-04-04 05:21:07.022289 - step 29 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
15:21:46 INFO    opendrift:2056: 2025-04-04 05:51:07.022289 - step 30 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
15:21:46 INFO    opendrift:2056: 2025-04-04 06:21:07.022289 - step 31 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
15:21:48 INFO    opendrift:2056: 2025-04-04 06:51:07.022289 - step 32 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
15:21:48 INFO    opendrift:2056: 2025-04-04 07:21:07.022289 - step 33 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
15:21:51 INFO    opendrift:2056: 2025-04-04 07:51:07.022289 - step 34 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
15:21:51 INFO    opendrift:2056: 2025-04-04 08:21:07.022289 - step 35 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
15:21:53 INFO    opendrift:2056: 2025-04-04 08:51:07.022289 - step 36 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
15:21:53 INFO    opendrift:2056: 2025-04-04 09:21:07.022289 - step 37 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
15:21:55 INFO    opendrift:2056: 2025-04-04 09:51:07.022289 - step 38 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
15:21:55 INFO    opendrift:2056: 2025-04-04 10:21:07.022289 - step 39 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
15:21:58 INFO    opendrift:2056: 2025-04-04 10:51:07.022289 - step 40 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
15:21:59 INFO    opendrift:2056: 2025-04-04 11:21:07.022289 - step 41 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
15:22:01 INFO    opendrift:2056: 2025-04-04 11:51:07.022289 - step 42 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
15:22:01 INFO    opendrift:2056: 2025-04-04 12:21:07.022289 - step 43 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
15:22:04 INFO    opendrift:2056: 2025-04-04 12:51:07.022289 - step 44 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
15:22:04 INFO    opendrift:2056: 2025-04-04 13:21:07.022289 - step 45 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
15:22:06 INFO    opendrift:2056: 2025-04-04 13:51:07.022289 - step 46 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
15:22:06 INFO    opendrift:2056: 2025-04-04 14:21:07.022289 - step 47 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
15:22:09 INFO    opendrift:2056: 2025-04-04 14:51:07.022289 - step 48 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
<xarray.Dataset> Size: 14MB
Dimensions:                                                                              (
                                                                                          trajectory: 2000,
                                                                                          time: 49)
Coordinates:
  * trajectory                                                                           (trajectory) int64 16kB ...
  * time                                                                                 (time) datetime64[ns] 392B ...
Data variables: (12/35)
    status                                                                               (trajectory, time) float32 392kB ...
    moving                                                                               (trajectory, time) float32 392kB ...
    age_seconds                                                                          (trajectory, time) float32 392kB ...
    origin_marker                                                                        (trajectory, time) float32 392kB ...
    lon                                                                                  (trajectory, time) float32 392kB ...
    lat                                                                                  (trajectory, time) float32 392kB ...
    ...                                                                                   ...
    surface_downward_y_stress                                                            (trajectory, time) float32 392kB ...
    turbulent_kinetic_energy                                                             (trajectory, time) float32 392kB ...
    turbulent_generic_length_scale                                                       (trajectory, time) float32 392kB ...
    ocean_mixed_layer_thickness                                                          (trajectory, time) float32 392kB ...
    sea_floor_depth_below_sea_level                                                      (trajectory, time) float32 392kB ...
    land_binary_mask                                                                     (trajectory, time) float32 392kB ...
Attributes: (12/153)
    Conventions:                                                             ...
    standard_name_vocabulary:                                                ...
    featureType:                                                             ...
    title:                                                                   ...
    summary:                                                                 ...
    keywords:                                                                ...
    ...                                                                                                               ...
    geospatial_lon_units:                                                    ...
    geospatial_lon_resolution:                                               ...
    runtime:                                                                 ...
    geospatial_vertical_min:                                                 ...
    geospatial_vertical_max:                                                 ...
    geospatial_vertical_positive:                                            ...


Plot results with lines and particles colored by depth

print(o)
o.plot(linecolor='z', buffer=.1, show_elements=False, fast=False)
o.animation(color='z', buffer=.1, fast=True)
OpenDrift - OceanDrift 2025-04-03 15:21 to 2025-04-04 15:21 UTC (49 steps)
===========================
--------------------
Reader performance:
--------------------
global_landmask
 0:00:00.0  total
 0:00:00.0  preparing
 0:00:00.0  reading
 0:00:00.0  masking
--------------------
https://thredds.met.no/thredds/dodsC/sea/norkyst800m/1h/aggregate_be
 0:00:54.6  total
 0:00:00.0  preparing
 0:00:53.7  reading
 0:00:00.5  interpolation
 0:00:00.0  interpolation_time
 0:00:00.9  rotating vectors
 0:00:00.0  masking
--------------------
Performance:
 1:02.5 total time
    4.0 configuration
    0.0 preparing main loop
      0.0 moving elements to ocean
   58.3 main loop
      0.1 updating elements
    0.0 cleaning up
--------------------
===========================
Model:  OceanDrift     (OpenDrift version 1.13.1)
        2000 active Lagrangian3DArray particles  (0 deactivated, 0 scheduled)
-------------------
Environment variables:
  -----
  land_binary_mask
     1) global_landmask
  -----
  sea_floor_depth_below_sea_level
  sea_surface_height
  upward_sea_water_velocity
  x_sea_water_velocity
  x_wind
  y_sea_water_velocity
  y_wind
     1) https://thredds.met.no/thredds/dodsC/sea/norkyst800m/1h/aggregate_be
  -----
Readers not added for the following variables:
  ocean_mixed_layer_thickness
  ocean_vertical_diffusivity
  sea_surface_swell_wave_peak_period_from_variance_spectral_density
  sea_surface_swell_wave_significant_height
  sea_surface_swell_wave_to_direction
  sea_surface_wave_mean_period_from_variance_spectral_density_second_frequency_moment
  sea_surface_wave_period_at_variance_spectral_density_maximum
  sea_surface_wave_significant_height
  sea_surface_wave_stokes_drift_x_velocity
  sea_surface_wave_stokes_drift_y_velocity
  sea_surface_wind_wave_mean_period
  sea_surface_wind_wave_significant_height
  sea_surface_wind_wave_to_direction
  surface_downward_x_stress
  surface_downward_y_stress
  turbulent_generic_length_scale
  turbulent_kinetic_energy

Discarded readers:

Time:
        Start: 2025-04-03 15:21:07.022289 UTC
        Present: 2025-04-04 15:21:07.022289 UTC
        Calculation steps: 48 * 0:30:00 - total time: 1 day, 0:00:00
        Output steps: 49 * 0:30:00
===========================

15:23:19 WARNING opendrift:2429: Plotting fast. This will make your plots less accurate.
15:23:20 INFO    opendrift:4600: Saving animation to /root/project/docs/source/gallery/animations/example_depth_0.gif...
15:24:03 INFO    opendrift:3036: Time to make animation: 0:00:44.527205
../_images/example_depth_0.gif

Total running time of the script: (3 minutes 4.279 seconds)

Gallery generated by Sphinx-Gallery