Drift at different depths

from datetime import datetime, timedelta
import numpy as np
from opendrift.models.oceandrift import OceanDrift

o = OceanDrift(loglevel=20)  # Set loglevel to 0 for debug information

16:20:44 INFO    opendrift:576: OpenDriftSimulation initialised (version 1.14.8 / v1.14.8-15-ge839285)

Using live data from Thredds

o.add_readers_from_list([
    'https://thredds.met.no/thredds/dodsC/fou-hi/norkystv3_800m_m00_be'])

Adding some diffusion

o.set_config('environment:constant:horizontal_diffusivity', 10)  # m2/s

Seed 1000 elements at random depths

z = -np.random.rand(2000)*50
o.seed_elements(lon=4.8, lat=60.0, z=z, radius=0, number=2000,
                time=datetime.now())

print(o)

16:20:44 INFO    opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:203: Adding a global landmask from GSHHG
16:20:48 INFO    opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:227: Fallback values will be used for the following variables which have no readers:
16:20:48 INFO    opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:230:    x_sea_water_velocity: 0.000000
16:20:48 INFO    opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:230:    y_sea_water_velocity: 0.000000
16:20:48 INFO    opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:230:    sea_surface_height: 0.000000
16:20:48 INFO    opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:230:    x_wind: 0.000000
16:20:48 INFO    opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:230:    y_wind: 0.000000
16:20:48 INFO    opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:230:    upward_sea_water_velocity: 0.000000
16:20:48 INFO    opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:230:    ocean_vertical_diffusivity: 0.000000
16:20:48 INFO    opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:230:    sea_surface_wave_significant_height: 0.000000
16:20:48 INFO    opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:230:    sea_surface_wave_stokes_drift_x_velocity: 0.000000
16:20:48 INFO    opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:230:    sea_surface_wave_stokes_drift_y_velocity: 0.000000
16:20:48 INFO    opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:230:    ocean_mixed_layer_thickness: 50.000000
16:20:48 INFO    opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:230:    sea_floor_depth_below_sea_level: 10000.000000
===========================
Model:  OceanDrift     (OpenDrift version 1.14.8)
        0 active Lagrangian3DArray particles  (0 deactivated, 2000 scheduled)
-------------------
Environment variables:
  -----
  horizontal_diffusivity
     1) constant_reader
  -----
  land_binary_mask
     1) global_landmask
  -----
Readers not added for the following variables:
  ocean_mixed_layer_thickness
  ocean_vertical_diffusivity
  sea_floor_depth_below_sea_level
  sea_surface_height
  sea_surface_wave_significant_height
  sea_surface_wave_stokes_drift_x_velocity
  sea_surface_wave_stokes_drift_y_velocity
  upward_sea_water_velocity
  x_sea_water_velocity
  x_wind
  y_sea_water_velocity
  y_wind
---
Lazy readers:
  LazyReader: https://thredds.met.no/thredds/dodsC/fou-hi/norkystv3_800m_m00_be

Discarded readers:
===========================

Running model

o.run(duration=timedelta(hours=24), time_step=1800)

16:20:48 INFO    opendrift:1836: Skipping environment variable ocean_vertical_diffusivity because of condition ['drift:vertical_mixing', 'is', False]
16:20:48 INFO    opendrift:1836: Skipping environment variable ocean_mixed_layer_thickness because of condition ['drift:vertical_mixing', 'is', False]
16:20:48 INFO    opendrift:1847: Storing previous values of element property lon because of condition (('general:coastline_action', 'in', ['stranding', 'previous']), 'or', ('general:seafloor_action', 'in', ['previous']))
16:20:48 INFO    opendrift:1847: Storing previous values of element property lat because of condition (('general:coastline_action', 'in', ['stranding', 'previous']), 'or', ('general:seafloor_action', 'in', ['previous']))
16:20:48 INFO    opendrift:1855: Storing previous values of environment variable sea_surface_height because of condition ['drift:vertical_advection', 'is', True]
16:20:48 INFO    opendrift:955: Using existing reader for land_binary_mask to move elements to ocean
16:20:48 INFO    opendrift:986: All points are in ocean
16:20:48 INFO    opendrift:2144: 2026-02-16 16:20:44.324403 - step 1 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
16:20:48 INFO    opendrift.readers:63: Opening file with xr.open_dataset
16:20:51 INFO    opendrift.readers.reader_netCDF_CF_generic:332: Detected dimensions: {'x': 'X', 'y': 'Y', 'z': 'depth', 'time': 'time'}
16:20:51 INFO    opendrift.readers.basereader:178: Variable x_sea_water_velocity will be rotated from eastward_sea_water_velocity
16:20:51 INFO    opendrift.readers.basereader:178: Variable y_sea_water_velocity will be rotated from northward_sea_water_velocity
16:20:51 INFO    opendrift.readers.basereader:178: Variable x_wind will be rotated from eastward_wind
16:20:51 INFO    opendrift.readers.basereader:178: Variable y_wind will be rotated from northward_wind
16:20:53 INFO    opendrift:2144: 2026-02-16 16:50:44.324403 - step 2 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
16:20:53 INFO    opendrift:2144: 2026-02-16 17:20:44.324403 - step 3 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
16:20:55 INFO    opendrift:2144: 2026-02-16 17:50:44.324403 - step 4 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
16:20:55 INFO    opendrift:2144: 2026-02-16 18:20:44.324403 - step 5 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
16:20:56 INFO    opendrift:2144: 2026-02-16 18:50:44.324403 - step 6 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
16:20:56 INFO    opendrift:2144: 2026-02-16 19:20:44.324403 - step 7 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
16:20:57 INFO    opendrift:2144: 2026-02-16 19:50:44.324403 - step 8 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
16:20:57 INFO    opendrift:2144: 2026-02-16 20:20:44.324403 - step 9 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
16:20:59 INFO    opendrift:2144: 2026-02-16 20:50:44.324403 - step 10 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
16:20:59 INFO    opendrift:2144: 2026-02-16 21:20:44.324403 - step 11 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
16:21:00 INFO    opendrift:2144: 2026-02-16 21:50:44.324403 - step 12 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
16:21:00 INFO    opendrift:2144: 2026-02-16 22:20:44.324403 - step 13 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
16:21:02 INFO    opendrift:2144: 2026-02-16 22:50:44.324403 - step 14 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
16:21:02 INFO    opendrift:2144: 2026-02-16 23:20:44.324403 - step 15 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
16:21:03 INFO    opendrift:2144: 2026-02-16 23:50:44.324403 - step 16 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
16:21:03 INFO    opendrift:2144: 2026-02-17 00:20:44.324403 - step 17 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
16:21:05 INFO    opendrift:2144: 2026-02-17 00:50:44.324403 - step 18 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
16:21:05 INFO    opendrift:2144: 2026-02-17 01:20:44.324403 - step 19 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
16:21:06 INFO    opendrift:2144: 2026-02-17 01:50:44.324403 - step 20 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
16:21:06 INFO    opendrift:2144: 2026-02-17 02:20:44.324403 - step 21 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
16:21:08 INFO    opendrift:2144: 2026-02-17 02:50:44.324403 - step 22 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
16:21:08 INFO    opendrift:2144: 2026-02-17 03:20:44.324403 - step 23 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
16:21:10 INFO    opendrift:2144: 2026-02-17 03:50:44.324403 - step 24 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
16:21:10 INFO    opendrift:2144: 2026-02-17 04:20:44.324403 - step 25 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
16:21:12 INFO    opendrift:2144: 2026-02-17 04:50:44.324403 - step 26 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
16:21:12 INFO    opendrift:2144: 2026-02-17 05:20:44.324403 - step 27 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
16:21:13 INFO    opendrift:2144: 2026-02-17 05:50:44.324403 - step 28 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
16:21:13 INFO    opendrift:2144: 2026-02-17 06:20:44.324403 - step 29 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
16:21:15 INFO    opendrift:2144: 2026-02-17 06:50:44.324403 - step 30 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
16:21:15 INFO    opendrift:2144: 2026-02-17 07:20:44.324403 - step 31 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
16:21:16 INFO    opendrift:2144: 2026-02-17 07:50:44.324403 - step 32 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
16:21:17 INFO    opendrift:2144: 2026-02-17 08:20:44.324403 - step 33 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
16:21:18 INFO    opendrift:2144: 2026-02-17 08:50:44.324403 - step 34 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
16:21:18 INFO    opendrift:2144: 2026-02-17 09:20:44.324403 - step 35 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
16:21:20 INFO    opendrift:2144: 2026-02-17 09:50:44.324403 - step 36 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
16:21:20 INFO    opendrift:2144: 2026-02-17 10:20:44.324403 - step 37 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
16:21:22 INFO    opendrift:2144: 2026-02-17 10:50:44.324403 - step 38 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
16:21:22 INFO    opendrift:2144: 2026-02-17 11:20:44.324403 - step 39 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
16:21:23 INFO    opendrift:2144: 2026-02-17 11:50:44.324403 - step 40 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
16:21:23 INFO    opendrift:2144: 2026-02-17 12:20:44.324403 - step 41 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
16:21:25 INFO    opendrift:2144: 2026-02-17 12:50:44.324403 - step 42 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
16:21:25 INFO    opendrift:2144: 2026-02-17 13:20:44.324403 - step 43 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
16:21:31 INFO    opendrift:2144: 2026-02-17 13:50:44.324403 - step 44 of 48 - 1999 active elements (1 deactivated)
16:21:31 INFO    opendrift:2144: 2026-02-17 14:20:44.324403 - step 45 of 48 - 1999 active elements (1 deactivated)
16:21:32 INFO    opendrift:2144: 2026-02-17 14:50:44.324403 - step 46 of 48 - 1998 active elements (2 deactivated)
16:21:33 INFO    opendrift:2144: 2026-02-17 15:20:44.324403 - step 47 of 48 - 1998 active elements (2 deactivated)
16:21:34 INFO    opendrift:2144: 2026-02-17 15:50:44.324403 - step 48 of 48 - 1996 active elements (4 deactivated)

<xarray.Dataset> Size: 9MB
Dimensions:                                   (trajectory: 2000, time: 49)
Coordinates:
  * trajectory                                (trajectory) int64 16kB 0 ... 1999
  * time                                      (time) datetime64[ns] 392B 2026...
Data variables: (12/22)
    status                                    (trajectory, time) float32 392kB ...
    moving                                    (trajectory, time) float32 392kB ...
    age_seconds                               (trajectory, time) float32 392kB ...
    origin_marker                             (trajectory, time) float32 392kB ...
    lon                                       (trajectory, time) float32 392kB ...
    lat                                       (trajectory, time) float32 392kB ...
    ...                                        ...
    horizontal_diffusivity                    (trajectory, time) float32 392kB ...
    sea_surface_wave_significant_height       (trajectory, time) float32 392kB ...
    sea_surface_wave_stokes_drift_x_velocity  (trajectory, time) float32 392kB ...
    sea_surface_wave_stokes_drift_y_velocity  (trajectory, time) float32 392kB ...
    sea_floor_depth_below_sea_level           (trajectory, time) float32 392kB ...
    land_binary_mask                          (trajectory, time) float32 392kB ...
Attributes: (12/122)
    Conventions:                                                           CF...
    standard_name_vocabulary:                                              CF...
    featureType:                                                           tr...
    title:                                                                 Op...
    summary:                                                               Ou...
    keywords:                                                              tr...
    ...                                                                    ...
    geospatial_lon_units:                                                  de...
    geospatial_lon_resolution:                                             point
    runtime:                                                               0:...
    geospatial_vertical_min:                                               -1...
    geospatial_vertical_max:                                               0.0
    geospatial_vertical_positive:                                          up

xarray.Dataset

• Dimensions:
  • trajectory: 2000
  • time: 49
• Coordinates: (2)
  • trajectory
    (trajectory)
    int64
    0 1 2 3 4 ... 1996 1997 1998 1999

    cf_role :

    trajectory_id

    dtype :

    <class 'numpy.int32'>

    array([   0,    1,    2, ..., 1997, 1998, 1999], shape=(2000,))

  • time
    (time)
    datetime64[ns]
    2026-02-16T16:20:44.324403 ... 2...

    standard_name :

    time

    long_name :

    time

    dtype :

    <class 'numpy.float64'>

    array(['2026-02-16T16:20:44.324403000', '2026-02-16T16:50:44.324403000',
           '2026-02-16T17:20:44.324403000', '2026-02-16T17:50:44.324403000',
           '2026-02-16T18:20:44.324403000', '2026-02-16T18:50:44.324403000',
           '2026-02-16T19:20:44.324403000', '2026-02-16T19:50:44.324403000',
           '2026-02-16T20:20:44.324403000', '2026-02-16T20:50:44.324403000',
           '2026-02-16T21:20:44.324403000', '2026-02-16T21:50:44.324403000',
           '2026-02-16T22:20:44.324403000', '2026-02-16T22:50:44.324403000',
           '2026-02-16T23:20:44.324403000', '2026-02-16T23:50:44.324403000',
           '2026-02-17T00:20:44.324403000', '2026-02-17T00:50:44.324403000',
           '2026-02-17T01:20:44.324403000', '2026-02-17T01:50:44.324403000',
           '2026-02-17T02:20:44.324403000', '2026-02-17T02:50:44.324403000',
           '2026-02-17T03:20:44.324403000', '2026-02-17T03:50:44.324403000',
           '2026-02-17T04:20:44.324403000', '2026-02-17T04:50:44.324403000',
           '2026-02-17T05:20:44.324403000', '2026-02-17T05:50:44.324403000',
           '2026-02-17T06:20:44.324403000', '2026-02-17T06:50:44.324403000',
           '2026-02-17T07:20:44.324403000', '2026-02-17T07:50:44.324403000',
           '2026-02-17T08:20:44.324403000', '2026-02-17T08:50:44.324403000',
           '2026-02-17T09:20:44.324403000', '2026-02-17T09:50:44.324403000',
           '2026-02-17T10:20:44.324403000', '2026-02-17T10:50:44.324403000',
           '2026-02-17T11:20:44.324403000', '2026-02-17T11:50:44.324403000',
           '2026-02-17T12:20:44.324403000', '2026-02-17T12:50:44.324403000',
           '2026-02-17T13:20:44.324403000', '2026-02-17T13:50:44.324403000',
           '2026-02-17T14:20:44.324403000', '2026-02-17T14:50:44.324403000',
           '2026-02-17T15:20:44.324403000', '2026-02-17T15:50:44.324403000',
           '2026-02-17T16:20:44.324403000'], dtype='datetime64[ns]')

• Data variables: (22)
  • status
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 ... 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

    dtype :

    <class 'numpy.int32'>

    valid_range :

    [0 1]

    flag_values :

    [0 1]

    flag_meanings :

    active stranded

    array([[0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           ...,
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.]], shape=(2000, 49), dtype=float32)

  • moving
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 ... 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0

    dtype :

    <class 'numpy.int32'>

    minval :

    0

    maxval :

    1

    array([[1., 1., 1., ..., 1., 1., 1.],
           [1., 1., 1., ..., 1., 1., 1.],
           [1., 1., 1., ..., 1., 1., 1.],
           ...,
           [1., 1., 1., ..., 1., 1., 1.],
           [1., 1., 1., ..., 1., 1., 1.],
           [1., 1., 1., ..., 1., 1., 1.]], shape=(2000, 49), dtype=float32)

  • age_seconds
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    0.0 1.8e+03 ... 8.46e+04 8.64e+04

    dtype :

    <class 'numpy.float32'>

    units :

    s

    minval :

    0.0

    maxval :

    86400.0

    array([[    0.,  1800.,  3600., ..., 82800., 84600., 86400.],
           [    0.,  1800.,  3600., ..., 82800., 84600., 86400.],
           [    0.,  1800.,  3600., ..., 82800., 84600., 86400.],
           ...,
           [    0.,  1800.,  3600., ..., 82800., 84600., 86400.],
           [    0.,  1800.,  3600., ..., 82800., 84600., 86400.],
           [    0.,  1800.,  3600., ..., 82800., 84600., 86400.]],
          shape=(2000, 49), dtype=float32)

  • origin_marker
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 ... 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

    dtype :

    <class 'numpy.int32'>

    unit :

    description :

    An integer kept constant during the simulation. Different values may be used for different seedings, to separate elements during analysis. With GUI, only a single seeding is possible.

    flag_values :

    [0]

    flag_meanings :

    Seed_0

    minval :

    0

    maxval :

    0

    array([[0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           ...,
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.]], shape=(2000, 49), dtype=float32)

  • lon
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    4.8 4.792 4.784 ... 4.834 4.838

    dtype :

    <class 'numpy.float32'>

    units :

    degrees_east

    standard_name :

    longitude

    long_name :

    longitude

    axis :

    X

    minval :

    4.5407624

    maxval :

    4.9889936

    array([[4.8      , 4.791533 , 4.7838783, ..., 4.927595 , 4.9252563,
            4.9266505],
           [4.8      , 4.7966323, 4.7881603, ..., 4.9165363, 4.913351 ,
            4.9128118],
           [4.8      , 4.786289 , 4.7847977, ..., 4.8063383, 4.816231 ,
            4.827047 ],
           ...,
           [4.8      , 4.7940283, 4.787427 , ..., 4.8612967, 4.859275 ,
            4.8509326],
           [4.8      , 4.785766 , 4.7741237, ..., 4.9432096, 4.9454083,
            4.9468184],
           [4.8      , 4.794419 , 4.787094 , ..., 4.835059 , 4.8343754,
            4.837695 ]], shape=(2000, 49), dtype=float32)

  • lat
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    60.0 60.01 60.01 ... 60.16 60.16

    dtype :

    <class 'numpy.float32'>

    units :

    degrees_north

    standard_name :

    latitude

    long_name :

    latitude

    axis :

    Y

    minval :

    60.0

    maxval :

    60.5

    array([[60.      , 60.00849 , 60.013947, ..., 60.12107 , 60.114254,
            60.111794],
           [60.      , 60.011414, 60.02296 , ..., 60.126705, 60.122948,
            60.121475],
           [60.      , 60.010334, 60.018005, ..., 60.220043, 60.221737,
            60.220375],
           ...,
           [60.      , 60.0068  , 60.016083, ..., 60.12965 , 60.12455 ,
            60.1268  ],
           [60.      , 60.00812 , 60.01945 , ..., 60.141563, 60.136997,
            60.134445],
           [60.      , 60.00622 , 60.017754, ..., 60.157894, 60.156616,
            60.15813 ]], shape=(2000, 49), dtype=float32)

  • z
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    -27.44 -28.93 ... -52.46 -53.15

    dtype :

    <class 'numpy.float32'>

    units :

    m

    standard_name :

    z

    long_name :

    vertical position

    axis :

    Z

    positive :

    up

    minval :

    -121.43843

    maxval :

    0.0

    array([[-27.440676, -28.925453, -31.338148, ..., -46.032017, -45.000607,
            -44.138577],
           [-35.759468, -37.477764, -39.43572 , ..., -39.992966, -39.824684,
            -39.57422 ],
           [-30.138168, -31.698668, -32.763905, ..., -59.15544 , -60.301975,
            -61.363743],
           ...,
           [-24.00539 , -25.368807, -28.484428, ..., -16.199965, -16.39785 ,
            -16.528105],
           [-32.193203, -33.81139 , -35.656334, ..., -26.866102, -27.855635,
            -27.257122],
           [-25.088657, -26.50741 , -29.8739  , ..., -52.62289 , -52.462013,
            -53.1525  ]], shape=(2000, 49), dtype=float32)

  • wind_drift_factor
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    0.02 0.02 0.02 ... 0.02 0.02 0.02

    dtype :

    <class 'numpy.float32'>

    units :

    1

    description :

    Elements at surface are moved with this fraction of the vind vector, in addition to currents and Stokes drift

    minval :

    0.02

    maxval :

    0.02

    array([[0.02, 0.02, 0.02, ..., 0.02, 0.02, 0.02],
           [0.02, 0.02, 0.02, ..., 0.02, 0.02, 0.02],
           [0.02, 0.02, 0.02, ..., 0.02, 0.02, 0.02],
           ...,
           [0.02, 0.02, 0.02, ..., 0.02, 0.02, 0.02],
           [0.02, 0.02, 0.02, ..., 0.02, 0.02, 0.02],
           [0.02, 0.02, 0.02, ..., 0.02, 0.02, 0.02]],
          shape=(2000, 49), dtype=float32)

  • current_drift_factor
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 ... 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0

    dtype :

    <class 'numpy.float32'>

    units :

    1

    description :

    Elements are moved with this fraction of the current vector, in addition to currents and Stokes drift

    minval :

    1.0

    maxval :

    1.0

    array([[1., 1., 1., ..., 1., 1., 1.],
           [1., 1., 1., ..., 1., 1., 1.],
           [1., 1., 1., ..., 1., 1., 1.],
           ...,
           [1., 1., 1., ..., 1., 1., 1.],
           [1., 1., 1., ..., 1., 1., 1.],
           [1., 1., 1., ..., 1., 1., 1.]], shape=(2000, 49), dtype=float32)

  • terminal_velocity
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 ... 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

    dtype :

    <class 'numpy.float32'>

    units :

    m/s

    description :

    Terminal rise/sinking velocity (buoyancy) in the ocean column

    minval :

    0.0

    maxval :

    0.0

    array([[0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           ...,
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.]], shape=(2000, 49), dtype=float32)

  • x_sea_water_velocity
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    -0.2513 -0.2287 ... -0.02287

    minval :

    -0.5341079

    maxval :

    0.52405506

    array([[-0.25134856, -0.22865286, -0.24217838, ..., -0.04759504,
            -0.07901813, -0.07901813],
           [-0.24852894, -0.2071872 , -0.18430082, ..., -0.0507495 ,
            -0.07659397, -0.07659397],
           [-0.25043425, -0.23998502, -0.21980214, ...,  0.27194777,
             0.2516686 ,  0.2516686 ],
           ...,
           [-0.25295877, -0.22441262, -0.22533034, ..., -0.07002808,
            -0.09667014, -0.09667014],
           [-0.24973771, -0.24423467, -0.23021573, ...,  0.03535099,
             0.02932392,  0.02932392],
           [-0.25214574, -0.22426401, -0.21662201, ..., -0.01091387,
            -0.02287156, -0.02287156]], shape=(2000, 49), dtype=float32)

  • y_sea_water_velocity
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    0.4941 0.4916 ... 0.04499 0.04499

    minval :

    -0.49211067

    maxval :

    0.69287443

    array([[ 0.49406078,  0.49156713,  0.5196889 , ..., -0.31988326,
            -0.26548484, -0.26548484],
           [ 0.48401818,  0.4716308 ,  0.4638298 , ..., -0.30137423,
            -0.2544031 , -0.2544031 ],
           [ 0.4908043 ,  0.4641251 ,  0.4957561 , ...,  0.1152408 ,
             0.10813504,  0.10813504],
           ...,
           [ 0.4990955 ,  0.5198817 ,  0.51417196, ..., -0.01049274,
             0.03055304,  0.03055304],
           [ 0.48832345,  0.47657543,  0.47454557, ..., -0.3697106 ,
            -0.33501136, -0.33501136],
           [ 0.49690017,  0.5259602 ,  0.50176466, ...,  0.01434059,
             0.04498579,  0.04498579]], shape=(2000, 49), dtype=float32)

  • sea_surface_height
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    -0.9046 -0.8653 ... -0.9365 -0.9365

    minval :

    -1.0434598

    maxval :

    -0.07179454

    array([[-0.9046321 , -0.8653226 , -0.80169076, ..., -0.9061483 ,
            -0.9367517 , -0.9367517 ],
           [-0.9046321 , -0.8629012 , -0.7966323 , ..., -0.9056277 ,
            -0.9364232 , -0.9364232 ],
           [-0.9046321 , -0.8661168 , -0.7994731 , ..., -0.9219183 ,
            -0.95495486, -0.95495486],
           ...,
           [-0.9046321 , -0.8654981 , -0.7996129 , ..., -0.90119624,
            -0.933042  , -0.933042  ],
           [-0.9046321 , -0.8673103 , -0.8021953 , ..., -0.9139861 ,
            -0.9455507 , -0.9455507 ],
           [-0.9046321 , -0.8656827 , -0.79894567, ..., -0.9038673 ,
            -0.93652076, -0.93652076]], shape=(2000, 49), dtype=float32)

  • x_wind
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    -7.394 -7.378 ... -3.153 -3.153

    minval :

    -7.93152

    maxval :

    0.8519225

    array([[-7.3935285, -7.377864 , -7.165112 , ..., -3.927927 , -3.997933 ,
            -3.997933 ],
           [-7.3935285, -7.3392286, -7.0807743, ..., -3.9976158, -4.1945877,
            -4.1945877],
           [-7.3935285, -7.3911943, -7.128534 , ..., -5.6861043, -7.13322  ,
            -7.13322  ],
           ...,
           [-7.3935285, -7.3762336, -7.129214 , ..., -2.7484684, -2.0578923,
            -2.0578923],
           [-7.3935285, -7.4096055, -7.173395 , ..., -4.466051 , -4.9778113,
            -4.9778113],
           [-7.3935285, -7.378013 , -7.1185355, ..., -3.4021027, -3.152592 ,
            -3.152592 ]], shape=(2000, 49), dtype=float32)

  • y_wind
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    7.617 7.163 6.93 ... 9.327 9.327

    minval :

    -2.7963467

    maxval :

    11.651344

    array([[ 7.6173506,  7.162511 ,  6.930191 , ...,  9.918883 , 11.484729 ,
            11.484729 ],
           [ 7.6173506,  7.144187 ,  6.826347 , ..., 10.027578 , 11.635365 ,
            11.635365 ],
           [ 7.6173506,  7.1700873,  6.9031286, ...,  9.812471 ,  9.986713 ,
             9.986713 ],
           ...,
           [ 7.6173506,  7.160619 ,  6.8997226, ...,  9.828562 ,  8.964741 ,
             8.964741 ],
           [ 7.6173506,  7.1735716,  6.955918 , ...,  9.220909 , 10.500922 ,
            10.500922 ],
           [ 7.6173506,  7.160816 ,  6.890793 , ...,  9.78191  ,  9.327125 ,
             9.327125 ]], shape=(2000, 49), dtype=float32)

  • upward_sea_water_velocity
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    -0.0008249 -0.00134 ... -0.0003836

    minval :

    -0.005839721

    maxval :

    0.0032406088

    array([[-8.24875955e-04, -1.34038634e-03, -9.24337830e-04, ...,
             5.73005993e-04,  4.78906266e-04,  4.78906266e-04],
           [-9.54609131e-04, -1.08775159e-03, -5.22074755e-04, ...,
             9.34889104e-05,  1.39147145e-04,  1.39147145e-04],
           [-8.66943854e-04, -5.91797580e-04, -6.96958741e-04, ...,
            -6.36962883e-04, -5.89870964e-04, -5.89870964e-04],
           ...,
           [-7.57453963e-04, -1.73090107e-03, -7.95311935e-04, ...,
            -1.09936846e-04, -7.23639605e-05, -7.23639605e-05],
           [-8.98992526e-04, -1.02496974e-03, -3.00865970e-04, ...,
            -5.49740042e-04,  3.32507072e-04,  3.32507072e-04],
           [-7.88195757e-04, -1.87027175e-03, -7.02421297e-04, ...,
             8.93765755e-05, -3.83602863e-04, -3.83602863e-04]],
          shape=(2000, 49), dtype=float32)

  • horizontal_diffusivity
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    10.0 10.0 10.0 ... 10.0 10.0 10.0

    minval :

    10.0

    maxval :

    10.0

    array([[10., 10., 10., ..., 10., 10., 10.],
           [10., 10., 10., ..., 10., 10., 10.],
           [10., 10., 10., ..., 10., 10., 10.],
           ...,
           [10., 10., 10., ..., 10., 10., 10.],
           [10., 10., 10., ..., 10., 10., 10.],
           [10., 10., 10., ..., 10., 10., 10.]],
          shape=(2000, 49), dtype=float32)

  • sea_surface_wave_significant_height
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    2.772 2.601 2.444 ... 2.385 2.385

    minval :

    0.03866045

    maxval :

    3.828865

    array([[2.7721322, 2.6010673, 2.4444127, ..., 2.7997963, 3.6379087,
            3.6379087],
           [2.7721322, 2.5806308, 2.379715 , ..., 2.8667183, 3.7632165,
            3.7632165],
           [2.7721322, 2.6085813, 2.4223416, ..., 3.1639624, 3.705185 ,
            3.705185 ],
           ...,
           [2.7721322, 2.5998085, 2.421424 , ..., 2.5622053, 2.0811968,
            2.0811968],
           [2.7721322, 2.6165147, 2.4561229, ..., 2.5822809, 3.32218  ,
            3.32218  ],
           [2.7721322, 2.6005244, 2.4146516, ..., 2.6385977, 2.3845787,
            2.3845787]], shape=(2000, 49), dtype=float32)

  • sea_surface_wave_stokes_drift_x_velocity
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 ... 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

    minval :

    0.0

    maxval :

    0.0

    array([[0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           ...,
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.]], shape=(2000, 49), dtype=float32)

  • sea_surface_wave_stokes_drift_y_velocity
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 ... 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

    minval :

    0.0

    maxval :

    0.0

    array([[0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           ...,
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.]], shape=(2000, 49), dtype=float32)

  • sea_floor_depth_below_sea_level
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    275.7 275.0 276.7 ... 268.7 268.7

    minval :

    75.48876

    maxval :

    345.8678

    array([[275.67816, 274.98795, 276.66168, ..., 216.76859, 222.24942,
            222.24942],
           [275.67816, 274.3808 , 279.15036, ..., 223.1423 , 229.63046,
            229.63046],
           [275.67816, 275.8743 , 277.20087, ..., 268.71732, 260.37354,
            260.37354],
           ...,
           [275.67816, 274.84924, 276.42035, ..., 277.61832, 283.34406,
            283.34406],
           [275.67816, 276.1794 , 279.1559 , ..., 179.35973, 185.72787,
            185.72787],
           [275.67816, 274.90994, 276.8413 , ..., 266.51236, 268.70538,
            268.70538]], shape=(2000, 49), dtype=float32)

  • land_binary_mask
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 ... 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

    minval :

    0.0

    maxval :

    0.0

    array([[0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           ...,
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.]], shape=(2000, 49), dtype=float32)

• Indexes: (2)
  • trajectory
    PandasIndex

    PandasIndex(Index([   0,    1,    2,    3,    4,    5,    6,    7,    8,    9,
           ...
           1990, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999],
          dtype='int64', name='trajectory', length=2000))

  • time
    PandasIndex

    PandasIndex(DatetimeIndex(['2026-02-16 16:20:44.324403', '2026-02-16 16:50:44.324403',
                   '2026-02-16 17:20:44.324403', '2026-02-16 17:50:44.324403',
                   '2026-02-16 18:20:44.324403', '2026-02-16 18:50:44.324403',
                   '2026-02-16 19:20:44.324403', '2026-02-16 19:50:44.324403',
                   '2026-02-16 20:20:44.324403', '2026-02-16 20:50:44.324403',
                   '2026-02-16 21:20:44.324403', '2026-02-16 21:50:44.324403',
                   '2026-02-16 22:20:44.324403', '2026-02-16 22:50:44.324403',
                   '2026-02-16 23:20:44.324403', '2026-02-16 23:50:44.324403',
                   '2026-02-17 00:20:44.324403', '2026-02-17 00:50:44.324403',
                   '2026-02-17 01:20:44.324403', '2026-02-17 01:50:44.324403',
                   '2026-02-17 02:20:44.324403', '2026-02-17 02:50:44.324403',
                   '2026-02-17 03:20:44.324403', '2026-02-17 03:50:44.324403',
                   '2026-02-17 04:20:44.324403', '2026-02-17 04:50:44.324403',
                   '2026-02-17 05:20:44.324403', '2026-02-17 05:50:44.324403',
                   '2026-02-17 06:20:44.324403', '2026-02-17 06:50:44.324403',
                   '2026-02-17 07:20:44.324403', '2026-02-17 07:50:44.324403',
                   '2026-02-17 08:20:44.324403', '2026-02-17 08:50:44.324403',
                   '2026-02-17 09:20:44.324403', '2026-02-17 09:50:44.324403',
                   '2026-02-17 10:20:44.324403', '2026-02-17 10:50:44.324403',
                   '2026-02-17 11:20:44.324403', '2026-02-17 11:50:44.324403',
                   '2026-02-17 12:20:44.324403', '2026-02-17 12:50:44.324403',
                   '2026-02-17 13:20:44.324403', '2026-02-17 13:50:44.324403',
                   '2026-02-17 14:20:44.324403', '2026-02-17 14:50:44.324403',
                   '2026-02-17 15:20:44.324403', '2026-02-17 15:50:44.324403',
                   '2026-02-17 16:20:44.324403'],
                  dtype='datetime64[ns]', name='time', freq='30min'))

• Attributes: (122)

  Conventions :

  CF-1.11, ACDD-1.3

  standard_name_vocabulary :

  CF Standard Name Table v85

  featureType :

  trajectory

  title :

  OpenDrift trajectory simulation

  summary :

  Output from simulation with OpenDrift framework

  keywords :

  trajectory, drift, lagrangian, simulation

  history :

  Created 2026-02-16 16:20:48.361630

  date_created :

  2026-02-16T16:20:48.361646

  source :

  Output from simulation with OpenDrift

  model_url :

  https://github.com/OpenDrift/opendrift

  opendrift_class :

  OceanDrift

  opendrift_module :

  opendrift.models.oceandrift

  readers :

  odict_keys(['LazyReader: https://thredds.met.no/thredds/dodsC/fou-hi/norkystv3_800m_m00_be', 'constant_reader', 'global_landmask'])

  time_coverage_start :

  2026-02-16 16:20:44.324403

  time_step_calculation :

  0:30:00

  time_step_output :

  0:30:00

  config_environment:constant:x_sea_water_velocity :

  None

  config_environment:fallback:x_sea_water_velocity :

  0

  config_environment:constant:y_sea_water_velocity :

  None

  config_environment:fallback:y_sea_water_velocity :

  0

  config_environment:constant:sea_surface_height :

  None

  config_environment:fallback:sea_surface_height :

  0

  config_environment:constant:x_wind :

  None

  config_environment:fallback:x_wind :

  0

  config_environment:constant:y_wind :

  None

  config_environment:fallback:y_wind :

  0

  config_environment:constant:upward_sea_water_velocity :

  None

  config_environment:fallback:upward_sea_water_velocity :

  0

  config_environment:constant:ocean_vertical_diffusivity :

  None

  config_environment:fallback:ocean_vertical_diffusivity :

  0

  config_environment:constant:horizontal_diffusivity :

  10.0

  config_environment:fallback:horizontal_diffusivity :

  0

  config_environment:constant:sea_surface_wave_significant_height :

  None

  config_environment:fallback:sea_surface_wave_significant_height :

  0

  config_environment:constant:sea_surface_wave_stokes_drift_x_velocity :

  None

  config_environment:fallback:sea_surface_wave_stokes_drift_x_velocity :

  0

  config_environment:constant:sea_surface_wave_stokes_drift_y_velocity :

  None

  config_environment:fallback:sea_surface_wave_stokes_drift_y_velocity :

  0

  config_environment:constant:ocean_mixed_layer_thickness :

  None

  config_environment:fallback:ocean_mixed_layer_thickness :

  50

  config_environment:constant:sea_floor_depth_below_sea_level :

  None

  config_environment:fallback:sea_floor_depth_below_sea_level :

  10000

  config_environment:constant:land_binary_mask :

  None

  config_environment:fallback:land_binary_mask :

  None

  config_general:use_auto_landmask :

  True

  config_drift:current_uncertainty :

  0

  config_drift:current_uncertainty_uniform :

  0

  config_drift:max_speed :

  2.0

  config_readers:max_number_of_fails :

  1

  config_general:simulation_name :

  config_general:coastline_action :

  stranding

  config_general:coastline_approximation_precision :

  0.001

  config_general:time_step_minutes :

  60

  config_general:time_step_output_minutes :

  None

  config_seed:ocean_only :

  True

  config_seed:number :

  1

  config_drift:max_age_seconds :

  None

  config_drift:advection_scheme :

  euler

  config_drift:horizontal_diffusivity :

  0

  config_drift:profiles_depth :

  50

  config_drift:wind_uncertainty :

  0

  config_drift:relative_wind :

  False

  config_drift:deactivate_north_of :

  None

  config_drift:deactivate_south_of :

  None

  config_drift:deactivate_east_of :

  None

  config_drift:deactivate_west_of :

  None

  config_seed:origin_marker :

  0

  config_seed:z :

  0

  config_seed:wind_drift_factor :

  0.02

  config_seed:current_drift_factor :

  1

  config_seed:terminal_velocity :

  0.0

  config_drift:vertical_advection :

  True

  config_drift:vertical_advection_at_surface :

  False

  config_drift:water_column_stretching :

  False

  config_drift:vertical_advection_correction :

  False

  config_drift:vertical_mixing :

  False

  config_drift:vertical_mixing_at_surface :

  False

  config_vertical_mixing:timestep :

  60

  config_vertical_mixing:diffusivitymodel :

  environment

  config_vertical_mixing:background_diffusivity :

  1.2e-05

  config_vertical_mixing:TSprofiles :

  False

  config_drift:wind_drift_depth :

  0.1

  config_drift:stokes_drift :

  True

  config_drift:stokes_drift_profile :

  Phillips

  config_drift:use_tabularised_stokes_drift :

  False

  config_drift:tabularised_stokes_drift_fetch :

  25000

  config_general:seafloor_action :

  lift_to_seafloor

  config_drift:truncate_ocean_model_below_m :

  None

  config_seed:seafloor :

  False

  opendrift_version :

  1.14.8

  seed_geojson :

  {"features": [], "type": "FeatureCollection"}

  simulation_time :

  2026-02-16 16:20:48.369400

  reader_x_sea_water_velocity :

  ['https://thredds.met.no/thredds/dodsC/fou-hi/norkystv3_800m_m00_be']

  reader_y_sea_water_velocity :

  ['https://thredds.met.no/thredds/dodsC/fou-hi/norkystv3_800m_m00_be']

  reader_sea_surface_height :

  ['https://thredds.met.no/thredds/dodsC/fou-hi/norkystv3_800m_m00_be']

  reader_x_wind :

  ['https://thredds.met.no/thredds/dodsC/fou-hi/norkystv3_800m_m00_be']

  reader_y_wind :

  ['https://thredds.met.no/thredds/dodsC/fou-hi/norkystv3_800m_m00_be']

  reader_upward_sea_water_velocity :

  ['https://thredds.met.no/thredds/dodsC/fou-hi/norkystv3_800m_m00_be']

  reader_horizontal_diffusivity :

  10.0

  reader_sea_surface_wave_significant_height :

  0

  reader_sea_surface_wave_stokes_drift_x_velocity :

  0

  reader_sea_surface_wave_stokes_drift_y_velocity :

  0

  reader_sea_floor_depth_below_sea_level :

  ['https://thredds.met.no/thredds/dodsC/fou-hi/norkystv3_800m_m00_be']

  reader_land_binary_mask :

  ['global_landmask']

  time_coverage_end :

  2026-02-17 16:20:44.324403

  time_coverage_duration :

  P1DT0H0M0S

  time_coverage_resolution :

  P0DT0H30M0S

  performance :

  -------------------- Reader performance: -------------------- constant_reader 0:00:00.0 total 0:00:00.0 preparing 0:00:00.0 reading 0:00:00.0 masking -------------------- global_landmask 0:00:01.7 total 0:00:00.0 preparing 0:00:01.7 reading 0:00:00.0 masking -------------------- https://thredds.met.no/thredds/dodsC/fou-hi/norkystv3_800m_m00_be 0:00:38.0 total 0:00:00.0 preparing 0:00:37.6 reading 0:00:01.0 interpolation 0:00:00.0 interpolation_time 0:00:00.4 rotating vectors 0:00:00.0 masking -------------------- Performance: 50.3 total time 4.0 configuration 0.0 preparing main loop 0.0 moving elements to ocean 46.2 main loop 0.1 updating elements 0.0 cleaning up --------------------

  geospatial_bounds_crs :

  EPSG:4326

  geospatial_bounds_vertical_crs :

  EPSG:5831

  geospatial_lat_min :

  60.0

  geospatial_lat_max :

  60.5

  geospatial_lat_units :

  degrees_north

  geospatial_lat_resolution :

  point

  geospatial_lon_min :

  4.5407624

  geospatial_lon_max :

  4.9889936

  geospatial_lon_units :

  degrees_east

  geospatial_lon_resolution :

  point

  runtime :

  0:00:50.344505

  geospatial_vertical_min :

  -121.43843

  geospatial_vertical_max :

  0.0

  geospatial_vertical_positive :

  up

Plot results with lines and particles colored by depth

print(o)
o.plot(linecolor='z', buffer=.1, show_elements=False)
o.animation(color='z', buffer=.1)

===========================
--------------------
Reader performance:
--------------------
constant_reader
 0:00:00.0  total
 0:00:00.0  preparing
 0:00:00.0  reading
 0:00:00.0  masking
--------------------
global_landmask
 0:00:01.7  total
 0:00:00.0  preparing
 0:00:01.7  reading
 0:00:00.0  masking
--------------------
https://thredds.met.no/thredds/dodsC/fou-hi/norkystv3_800m_m00_be
 0:00:38.0  total
 0:00:00.0  preparing
 0:00:37.6  reading
 0:00:01.0  interpolation
 0:00:00.0  interpolation_time
 0:00:00.4  rotating vectors
 0:00:00.0  masking
--------------------
Performance:
   50.3 total time
    4.0 configuration
    0.0 preparing main loop
      0.0 moving elements to ocean
   46.2 main loop
      0.1 updating elements
    0.0 cleaning up
--------------------
===========================
Model:  OceanDrift     (OpenDrift version 1.14.8)
        1995 active Lagrangian3DArray particles  (5 deactivated, 0 scheduled)
-------------------
Environment variables:
  -----
  horizontal_diffusivity
     1) constant_reader
  -----
  land_binary_mask
     1) global_landmask
  -----
  sea_floor_depth_below_sea_level
  sea_surface_height
  upward_sea_water_velocity
  x_sea_water_velocity
  x_wind
  y_sea_water_velocity
  y_wind
     1) https://thredds.met.no/thredds/dodsC/fou-hi/norkystv3_800m_m00_be
  -----
Readers not added for the following variables:
  sea_surface_wave_significant_height
  sea_surface_wave_stokes_drift_x_velocity
  sea_surface_wave_stokes_drift_y_velocity

Discarded readers:

Time:
        Start: 2026-02-16 16:20:44.324403 UTC
        Present: 2026-02-17 16:20:44.324403 UTC
        Calculation steps: 48 * 0:30:00 - total time: 1 day, 0:00:00
        Output steps: 49 * 0:30:00
===========================

16:22:37 INFO    opendrift:4702: Saving animation to /root/project/docs/source/gallery/animations/example_depth_0.gif...
16:23:08 INFO    opendrift:3128: Time to make animation: 0:00:32.281907