Drift at different depths

from datetime import datetime, timedelta
import numpy as np
from opendrift.models.oceandrift import OceanDrift

o = OceanDrift(loglevel=20)  # Set loglevel to 0 for debug information

11:32:59 INFO    opendrift:576: OpenDriftSimulation initialised (version 1.14.6 / v1.14.6-7-g47225a3)

Using live data from Thredds

o.add_readers_from_list([
    'https://thredds.met.no/thredds/dodsC/fou-hi/norkystv3_800m_m00_be'])

Adding some diffusion

o.set_config('drift:horizontal_diffusivity', 10)  # m2/s

Seed 1000 elements at random depths

z = -np.random.rand(2000)*50
o.seed_elements(lon=4.8, lat=60.0, z=z, radius=0, number=2000,
                time=datetime.now())

print(o)

11:32:59 INFO    opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:203: Adding a global landmask from GSHHG
11:33:03 INFO    opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:227: Fallback values will be used for the following variables which have no readers:
11:33:03 INFO    opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:230:    x_sea_water_velocity: 0.000000
11:33:03 INFO    opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:230:    y_sea_water_velocity: 0.000000
11:33:03 INFO    opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:230:    sea_surface_height: 0.000000
11:33:03 INFO    opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:230:    x_wind: 0.000000
11:33:03 INFO    opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:230:    y_wind: 0.000000
11:33:03 INFO    opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:230:    upward_sea_water_velocity: 0.000000
11:33:03 INFO    opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:230:    ocean_vertical_diffusivity: 0.000000
11:33:03 INFO    opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:230:    sea_surface_wave_significant_height: 0.000000
11:33:03 INFO    opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:230:    sea_surface_wave_stokes_drift_x_velocity: 0.000000
11:33:03 INFO    opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:230:    sea_surface_wave_stokes_drift_y_velocity: 0.000000
11:33:03 INFO    opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:230:    ocean_mixed_layer_thickness: 50.000000
11:33:03 INFO    opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:230:    sea_floor_depth_below_sea_level: 10000.000000
===========================
Model:  OceanDrift     (OpenDrift version 1.14.6)
        0 active Lagrangian3DArray particles  (0 deactivated, 2000 scheduled)
-------------------
Environment variables:
  -----
  land_binary_mask
     1) global_landmask
  -----
Readers not added for the following variables:
  ocean_mixed_layer_thickness
  ocean_vertical_diffusivity
  sea_floor_depth_below_sea_level
  sea_surface_height
  sea_surface_wave_significant_height
  sea_surface_wave_stokes_drift_x_velocity
  sea_surface_wave_stokes_drift_y_velocity
  upward_sea_water_velocity
  x_sea_water_velocity
  x_wind
  y_sea_water_velocity
  y_wind
---
Lazy readers:
  LazyReader: https://thredds.met.no/thredds/dodsC/fou-hi/norkystv3_800m_m00_be

Discarded readers:
===========================

Running model

o.run(duration=timedelta(hours=24), time_step=1800)

11:33:03 INFO    opendrift:1794: Skipping environment variable ocean_vertical_diffusivity because of condition ['drift:vertical_mixing', 'is', False]
11:33:03 INFO    opendrift:1794: Skipping environment variable ocean_mixed_layer_thickness because of condition ['drift:vertical_mixing', 'is', False]
11:33:03 INFO    opendrift:1805: Storing previous values of element property lon because of condition (('general:coastline_action', 'in', ['stranding', 'previous']), 'or', ('general:seafloor_action', 'in', ['previous']))
11:33:03 INFO    opendrift:1805: Storing previous values of element property lat because of condition (('general:coastline_action', 'in', ['stranding', 'previous']), 'or', ('general:seafloor_action', 'in', ['previous']))
11:33:03 INFO    opendrift:1813: Storing previous values of environment variable sea_surface_height because of condition ['drift:vertical_advection', 'is', True]
11:33:03 INFO    opendrift:952: Using existing reader for land_binary_mask to move elements to ocean
11:33:03 INFO    opendrift:982: All points are in ocean
11:33:03 INFO    opendrift:2101: 2025-11-06 11:32:59.585680 - step 1 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
11:33:03 INFO    opendrift.readers:63: Opening file with xr.open_dataset
11:33:05 INFO    opendrift.readers.reader_netCDF_CF_generic:332: Detected dimensions: {'x': 'X', 'y': 'Y', 'z': 'depth', 'time': 'time'}
11:33:05 INFO    opendrift.readers.basereader:176: Variable x_sea_water_velocity will be rotated from eastward_sea_water_velocity
11:33:05 INFO    opendrift.readers.basereader:176: Variable y_sea_water_velocity will be rotated from northward_sea_water_velocity
11:33:05 INFO    opendrift.readers.basereader:176: Variable x_wind will be rotated from eastward_wind
11:33:05 INFO    opendrift.readers.basereader:176: Variable y_wind will be rotated from northward_wind
11:33:08 INFO    opendrift:2101: 2025-11-06 12:02:59.585680 - step 2 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
11:33:09 INFO    opendrift:2101: 2025-11-06 12:32:59.585680 - step 3 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
11:33:09 INFO    opendrift:2101: 2025-11-06 13:02:59.585680 - step 4 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
11:33:11 INFO    opendrift:2101: 2025-11-06 13:32:59.585680 - step 5 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
11:33:11 INFO    opendrift:2101: 2025-11-06 14:02:59.585680 - step 6 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
11:33:12 INFO    opendrift:2101: 2025-11-06 14:32:59.585680 - step 7 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
11:33:12 INFO    opendrift:2101: 2025-11-06 15:02:59.585680 - step 8 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
11:33:14 INFO    opendrift:2101: 2025-11-06 15:32:59.585680 - step 9 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
11:33:14 INFO    opendrift:2101: 2025-11-06 16:02:59.585680 - step 10 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
11:33:15 INFO    opendrift:2101: 2025-11-06 16:32:59.585680 - step 11 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
11:33:15 INFO    opendrift:2101: 2025-11-06 17:02:59.585680 - step 12 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
11:33:17 INFO    opendrift:2101: 2025-11-06 17:32:59.585680 - step 13 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
11:33:17 INFO    opendrift:2101: 2025-11-06 18:02:59.585680 - step 14 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
11:33:19 INFO    opendrift:2101: 2025-11-06 18:32:59.585680 - step 15 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
11:33:19 INFO    opendrift:2101: 2025-11-06 19:02:59.585680 - step 16 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
11:33:20 INFO    opendrift:2101: 2025-11-06 19:32:59.585680 - step 17 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
11:33:20 INFO    opendrift:2101: 2025-11-06 20:02:59.585680 - step 18 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
11:33:22 INFO    opendrift:2101: 2025-11-06 20:32:59.585680 - step 19 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
11:33:22 INFO    opendrift:2101: 2025-11-06 21:02:59.585680 - step 20 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
11:33:23 INFO    opendrift:2101: 2025-11-06 21:32:59.585680 - step 21 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
11:33:23 INFO    opendrift:2101: 2025-11-06 22:02:59.585680 - step 22 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
11:33:25 INFO    opendrift:2101: 2025-11-06 22:32:59.585680 - step 23 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
11:33:25 INFO    opendrift:2101: 2025-11-06 23:02:59.585680 - step 24 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
11:33:27 INFO    opendrift:2101: 2025-11-06 23:32:59.585680 - step 25 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
11:33:27 INFO    opendrift:2101: 2025-11-07 00:02:59.585680 - step 26 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
11:33:28 INFO    opendrift:2101: 2025-11-07 00:32:59.585680 - step 27 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
11:33:28 INFO    opendrift:2101: 2025-11-07 01:02:59.585680 - step 28 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
11:33:30 INFO    opendrift:2101: 2025-11-07 01:32:59.585680 - step 29 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
11:33:30 INFO    opendrift:2101: 2025-11-07 02:02:59.585680 - step 30 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
11:33:31 INFO    opendrift:2101: 2025-11-07 02:32:59.585680 - step 31 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
11:33:31 INFO    opendrift:2101: 2025-11-07 03:02:59.585680 - step 32 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
11:33:33 INFO    opendrift:2101: 2025-11-07 03:32:59.585680 - step 33 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
11:33:33 INFO    opendrift:2101: 2025-11-07 04:02:59.585680 - step 34 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
11:33:34 INFO    opendrift:2101: 2025-11-07 04:32:59.585680 - step 35 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
11:33:34 INFO    opendrift:2101: 2025-11-07 05:02:59.585680 - step 36 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
11:33:36 INFO    opendrift:2101: 2025-11-07 05:32:59.585680 - step 37 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
11:33:36 INFO    opendrift:2101: 2025-11-07 06:02:59.585680 - step 38 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
11:33:37 INFO    opendrift:2101: 2025-11-07 06:32:59.585680 - step 39 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
11:33:37 INFO    opendrift:2101: 2025-11-07 07:02:59.585680 - step 40 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
11:33:39 INFO    opendrift:2101: 2025-11-07 07:32:59.585680 - step 41 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
11:33:39 INFO    opendrift:2101: 2025-11-07 08:02:59.585680 - step 42 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
11:33:41 INFO    opendrift:2101: 2025-11-07 08:32:59.585680 - step 43 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
11:33:41 INFO    opendrift:2101: 2025-11-07 09:02:59.585680 - step 44 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
11:33:42 INFO    opendrift:2101: 2025-11-07 09:32:59.585680 - step 45 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
11:33:42 INFO    opendrift:2101: 2025-11-07 10:02:59.585680 - step 46 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
11:33:44 INFO    opendrift:2101: 2025-11-07 10:32:59.585680 - step 47 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
11:33:44 INFO    opendrift:2101: 2025-11-07 11:02:59.585680 - step 48 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)

<xarray.Dataset> Size: 8MB
Dimensions:                                   (trajectory: 2000, time: 49)
Coordinates:
  * trajectory                                (trajectory) int64 16kB 0 ... 1999
  * time                                      (time) datetime64[ns] 392B 2025...
Data variables: (12/21)
    status                                    (trajectory, time) float32 392kB ...
    moving                                    (trajectory, time) float32 392kB ...
    age_seconds                               (trajectory, time) float32 392kB ...
    origin_marker                             (trajectory, time) float32 392kB ...
    lon                                       (trajectory, time) float32 392kB ...
    lat                                       (trajectory, time) float32 392kB ...
    ...                                        ...
    upward_sea_water_velocity                 (trajectory, time) float32 392kB ...
    sea_surface_wave_significant_height       (trajectory, time) float32 392kB ...
    sea_surface_wave_stokes_drift_x_velocity  (trajectory, time) float32 392kB ...
    sea_surface_wave_stokes_drift_y_velocity  (trajectory, time) float32 392kB ...
    sea_floor_depth_below_sea_level           (trajectory, time) float32 392kB ...
    land_binary_mask                          (trajectory, time) float32 392kB ...
Attributes: (12/119)
    Conventions:                                                           CF...
    standard_name_vocabulary:                                              CF...
    featureType:                                                           tr...
    title:                                                                 Op...
    summary:                                                               Ou...
    keywords:                                                              tr...
    ...                                                                    ...
    geospatial_lon_units:                                                  de...
    geospatial_lon_resolution:                                             point
    runtime:                                                               0:...
    geospatial_vertical_min:                                               -9...
    geospatial_vertical_max:                                               0.0
    geospatial_vertical_positive:                                          up

xarray.Dataset

• Dimensions:
  • trajectory: 2000
  • time: 49
• Coordinates: (2)
  • trajectory
    (trajectory)
    int64
    0 1 2 3 4 ... 1996 1997 1998 1999

    cf_role :

    trajectory_id

    dtype :

    <class 'numpy.int32'>

    array([   0,    1,    2, ..., 1997, 1998, 1999], shape=(2000,))

  • time
    (time)
    datetime64[ns]
    2025-11-06T11:32:59.585680 ... 2...

    standard_name :

    time

    long_name :

    time

    dtype :

    <class 'numpy.float64'>

    array(['2025-11-06T11:32:59.585680000', '2025-11-06T12:02:59.585680000',
           '2025-11-06T12:32:59.585680000', '2025-11-06T13:02:59.585680000',
           '2025-11-06T13:32:59.585680000', '2025-11-06T14:02:59.585680000',
           '2025-11-06T14:32:59.585680000', '2025-11-06T15:02:59.585680000',
           '2025-11-06T15:32:59.585680000', '2025-11-06T16:02:59.585680000',
           '2025-11-06T16:32:59.585680000', '2025-11-06T17:02:59.585680000',
           '2025-11-06T17:32:59.585680000', '2025-11-06T18:02:59.585680000',
           '2025-11-06T18:32:59.585680000', '2025-11-06T19:02:59.585680000',
           '2025-11-06T19:32:59.585680000', '2025-11-06T20:02:59.585680000',
           '2025-11-06T20:32:59.585680000', '2025-11-06T21:02:59.585680000',
           '2025-11-06T21:32:59.585680000', '2025-11-06T22:02:59.585680000',
           '2025-11-06T22:32:59.585680000', '2025-11-06T23:02:59.585680000',
           '2025-11-06T23:32:59.585680000', '2025-11-07T00:02:59.585680000',
           '2025-11-07T00:32:59.585680000', '2025-11-07T01:02:59.585680000',
           '2025-11-07T01:32:59.585680000', '2025-11-07T02:02:59.585680000',
           '2025-11-07T02:32:59.585680000', '2025-11-07T03:02:59.585680000',
           '2025-11-07T03:32:59.585680000', '2025-11-07T04:02:59.585680000',
           '2025-11-07T04:32:59.585680000', '2025-11-07T05:02:59.585680000',
           '2025-11-07T05:32:59.585680000', '2025-11-07T06:02:59.585680000',
           '2025-11-07T06:32:59.585680000', '2025-11-07T07:02:59.585680000',
           '2025-11-07T07:32:59.585680000', '2025-11-07T08:02:59.585680000',
           '2025-11-07T08:32:59.585680000', '2025-11-07T09:02:59.585680000',
           '2025-11-07T09:32:59.585680000', '2025-11-07T10:02:59.585680000',
           '2025-11-07T10:32:59.585680000', '2025-11-07T11:02:59.585680000',
           '2025-11-07T11:32:59.585680000'], dtype='datetime64[ns]')

• Data variables: (21)
  • status
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 ... 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

    dtype :

    <class 'numpy.int32'>

    valid_range :

    [0 1]

    flag_values :

    [0 1]

    flag_meanings :

    active stranded

    array([[0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           ...,
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.]], shape=(2000, 49), dtype=float32)

  • moving
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 ... 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0

    dtype :

    <class 'numpy.int32'>

    minval :

    0

    maxval :

    1

    array([[1., 1., 1., ..., 1., 1., 1.],
           [1., 1., 1., ..., 1., 1., 1.],
           [1., 1., 1., ..., 1., 1., 1.],
           ...,
           [1., 1., 1., ..., 1., 1., 1.],
           [1., 1., 1., ..., 1., 1., 1.],
           [1., 1., 1., ..., 1., 1., 1.]], shape=(2000, 49), dtype=float32)

  • age_seconds
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    0.0 1.8e+03 ... 8.46e+04 8.64e+04

    dtype :

    <class 'numpy.float32'>

    units :

    s

    minval :

    0.0

    maxval :

    86400.0

    array([[    0.,  1800.,  3600., ..., 82800., 84600., 86400.],
           [    0.,  1800.,  3600., ..., 82800., 84600., 86400.],
           [    0.,  1800.,  3600., ..., 82800., 84600., 86400.],
           ...,
           [    0.,  1800.,  3600., ..., 82800., 84600., 86400.],
           [    0.,  1800.,  3600., ..., 82800., 84600., 86400.],
           [    0.,  1800.,  3600., ..., 82800., 84600., 86400.]],
          shape=(2000, 49), dtype=float32)

  • origin_marker
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 ... 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

    dtype :

    <class 'numpy.int32'>

    unit :

    description :

    An integer kept constant during the simulation. Different values may be used for different seedings, to separate elements during analysis. With GUI, only a single seeding is possible.

    flag_values :

    [0]

    flag_meanings :

    Seed_0

    minval :

    0

    maxval :

    0

    array([[0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           ...,
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.]], shape=(2000, 49), dtype=float32)

  • lon
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    4.8 4.795 4.791 ... 4.888 4.898

    dtype :

    <class 'numpy.float32'>

    units :

    degrees_east

    standard_name :

    longitude

    long_name :

    longitude

    axis :

    X

    minval :

    4.5888543

    maxval :

    4.96485

    array([[4.8      , 4.795211 , 4.790709 , ..., 4.8880134, 4.888735 ,
            4.8931856],
           [4.8      , 4.7994823, 4.7925253, ..., 4.92157  , 4.9272943,
            4.933099 ],
           [4.8      , 4.7897   , 4.79189  , ..., 4.8681893, 4.8848605,
            4.897281 ],
           ...,
           [4.8      , 4.7981615, 4.7947955, ..., 4.888856 , 4.9028287,
            4.908585 ],
           [4.8      , 4.788973 , 4.7808256, ..., 4.863189 , 4.862436 ,
            4.8583684],
           [4.8      , 4.79833  , 4.7940617, ..., 4.877598 , 4.8878684,
            4.897914 ]], shape=(2000, 49), dtype=float32)

  • lat
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    60.0 60.0 60.0 ... 60.21 60.21 60.2

    dtype :

    <class 'numpy.float32'>

    units :

    degrees_north

    standard_name :

    latitude

    long_name :

    latitude

    axis :

    Y

    minval :

    59.978928

    maxval :

    60.303535

    array([[60.      , 60.000587, 59.99817 , ..., 60.15999 , 60.155262,
            60.148193],
           [60.      , 60.003468, 60.006954, ..., 60.212116, 60.206223,
            60.201023],
           [60.      , 60.00242 , 60.003254, ..., 60.252853, 60.254963,
            60.25564 ],
           ...,
           [60.      , 59.99893 , 59.9996  , ..., 60.195034, 60.190933,
            60.18488 ],
           [60.      , 60.000195, 60.004387, ..., 60.149082, 60.14936 ,
            60.147194],
           [60.      , 59.99833 , 60.00105 , ..., 60.205353, 60.205814,
            60.20415 ]], shape=(2000, 49), dtype=float32)

  • z
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    -27.44 -27.75 ... -22.36 -28.66

    dtype :

    <class 'numpy.float32'>

    units :

    m

    standard_name :

    z

    long_name :

    vertical position

    axis :

    Z

    positive :

    up

    minval :

    -90.495605

    maxval :

    0.0

    array([[-27.440676, -27.750847, -28.612633, ..., -46.883694, -48.94496 ,
            -49.436382],
           [-35.759468, -36.12227 , -36.60261 , ..., -70.88516 , -72.78245 ,
            -73.632706],
           [-30.138168, -30.465405, -31.370295, ..., -14.391506, -15.343418,
            -18.521568],
           ...,
           [-24.00539 , -24.287382, -24.996264, ..., -35.784298, -42.34754 ,
            -46.115498],
           [-32.193203, -32.53344 , -33.52931 , ..., -55.33352 , -58.22356 ,
            -60.338886],
           [-25.088657, -25.383947, -26.126495, ..., -18.668648, -22.359453,
            -28.66193 ]], shape=(2000, 49), dtype=float32)

  • wind_drift_factor
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    0.02 0.02 0.02 ... 0.02 0.02 0.02

    dtype :

    <class 'numpy.float32'>

    units :

    1

    description :

    Elements at surface are moved with this fraction of the vind vector, in addition to currents and Stokes drift

    minval :

    0.02

    maxval :

    0.02

    array([[0.02, 0.02, 0.02, ..., 0.02, 0.02, 0.02],
           [0.02, 0.02, 0.02, ..., 0.02, 0.02, 0.02],
           [0.02, 0.02, 0.02, ..., 0.02, 0.02, 0.02],
           ...,
           [0.02, 0.02, 0.02, ..., 0.02, 0.02, 0.02],
           [0.02, 0.02, 0.02, ..., 0.02, 0.02, 0.02],
           [0.02, 0.02, 0.02, ..., 0.02, 0.02, 0.02]],
          shape=(2000, 49), dtype=float32)

  • current_drift_factor
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 ... 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0

    dtype :

    <class 'numpy.float32'>

    units :

    1

    description :

    Elements are moved with this fraction of the current vector, in addition to currents and Stokes drift

    minval :

    1.0

    maxval :

    1.0

    array([[1., 1., 1., ..., 1., 1., 1.],
           [1., 1., 1., ..., 1., 1., 1.],
           [1., 1., 1., ..., 1., 1., 1.],
           ...,
           [1., 1., 1., ..., 1., 1., 1.],
           [1., 1., 1., ..., 1., 1., 1.],
           [1., 1., 1., ..., 1., 1., 1.]], shape=(2000, 49), dtype=float32)

  • terminal_velocity
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 ... 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

    dtype :

    <class 'numpy.float32'>

    units :

    m/s

    description :

    Terminal rise/sinking velocity (buoyancy) in the ocean column

    minval :

    0.0

    maxval :

    0.0

    array([[0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           ...,
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.]], shape=(2000, 49), dtype=float32)

  • x_sea_water_velocity
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    -0.1374 -0.131 ... 0.2384 0.2384

    minval :

    -0.3023297

    maxval :

    0.7165829

    array([[-0.13740373, -0.13102266, -0.12978345, ...,  0.06979547,
             0.06019881,  0.06019881],
           [-0.160209  , -0.16034175, -0.14766605, ...,  0.17500602,
             0.15694225,  0.15694225],
           [-0.14479868, -0.12589411, -0.13737187, ...,  0.43985754,
             0.3852393 ,  0.3852393 ],
           ...,
           [-0.12487422, -0.12422059, -0.12414617, ...,  0.15139437,
             0.1251243 ,  0.1251243 ],
           [-0.1504324 , -0.13603972, -0.12095119, ...,  0.01688994,
             0.01055628,  0.01055628],
           [-0.13095587, -0.12961103, -0.12559567, ...,  0.28017724,
             0.23842278,  0.23842278]], shape=(2000, 49), dtype=float32)

  • y_sea_water_velocity
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    0.00475 0.004374 ... -0.187 -0.187

    minval :

    -0.5909862

    maxval :

    1.0127039

    array([[ 0.00474995,  0.00437429,  0.00050747, ..., -0.25416592,
            -0.30556542, -0.30556542],
           [-0.00773229, -0.02738086,  0.00801098, ..., -0.34537965,
            -0.42432663, -0.42432663],
           [ 0.00070239,  0.0411197 ,  0.00632512, ...,  0.07628389,
            -0.05251142, -0.05251142],
           ...,
           [ 0.01209015, -0.01323691, -0.01427152, ..., -0.20383717,
            -0.3455035 , -0.3455035 ],
           [-0.00238116,  0.03479703,  0.07521558, ..., -0.10393078,
            -0.13081168, -0.13081168],
           [ 0.00827912, -0.0191475 , -0.00668105, ..., -0.09633871,
            -0.18697447, -0.18697447]], shape=(2000, 49), dtype=float32)

  • sea_surface_height
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    0.1039 0.02618 ... 0.3016 0.3016

    minval :

    -0.68378633

    maxval :

    0.32500052

    array([[ 0.1039317 ,  0.02618244, -0.07387407, ...,  0.30064481,
             0.29335147,  0.29335147],
           [ 0.1039317 ,  0.02658616, -0.07255788, ...,  0.30700463,
             0.29956338,  0.29956338],
           [ 0.1039317 ,  0.02633443, -0.07312506, ...,  0.31467   ,
             0.3086671 ,  0.3086671 ],
           ...,
           [ 0.1039317 ,  0.02579915, -0.07346644, ...,  0.3064618 ,
             0.29874375,  0.29874375],
           [ 0.1039317 ,  0.02588276, -0.07318155, ...,  0.29926646,
             0.29398975,  0.29398975],
           [ 0.1039317 ,  0.02561202, -0.07334663, ...,  0.30861592,
             0.30159646,  0.30159646]], shape=(2000, 49), dtype=float32)

  • x_wind
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    -2.347 -2.572 ... 1.465 1.465

    minval :

    -3.7896054

    maxval :

    1.6788474

    array([[-2.3467028 , -2.5720553 , -2.141124  , ...,  1.2095312 ,
             1.6436235 ,  1.6436235 ],
           [-2.3467028 , -2.557962  , -2.121404  , ...,  0.55310977,
             1.334372  ,  1.334372  ],
           [-2.3467028 , -2.5865664 , -2.1284626 , ...,  0.4980355 ,
             1.1889222 ,  1.1889222 ],
           ...,
           [-2.3467028 , -2.5629632 , -2.1220846 , ...,  0.8951005 ,
             1.5172187 ,  1.5172187 ],
           [-2.3467028 , -2.5917473 , -2.1665583 , ...,  1.2245779 ,
             1.5223825 ,  1.5223825 ],
           [-2.3467028 , -2.5633557 , -2.123043  , ...,  0.8452426 ,
             1.4653869 ,  1.4653869 ]], shape=(2000, 49), dtype=float32)

  • y_wind
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    8.671 8.797 9.435 ... 6.838 6.838

    minval :

    1.2522213

    maxval :

    11.247436

    array([[8.670871 , 8.797396 , 9.435105 , ..., 6.61253  , 7.6580205,
            7.6580205],
           [8.670871 , 8.718925 , 9.29885  , ..., 5.624226 , 6.5720024,
            6.5720024],
           [8.670871 , 8.870523 , 9.353874 , ..., 5.986897 , 6.5274973,
            6.5274973],
           ...,
           [8.670871 , 8.760207 , 9.348019 , ..., 6.182166 , 6.984631 ,
            6.984631 ],
           [8.670871 , 8.894902 , 9.5265875, ..., 6.927888 , 7.819354 ,
            7.819354 ],
           [8.670871 , 8.761336 , 9.343279 , ..., 6.1822023, 6.8383083,
            6.8383083]], shape=(2000, 49), dtype=float32)

  • upward_sea_water_velocity
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    -0.0001723 -0.0004788 ... -0.003501

    minval :

    -0.0050514634

    maxval :

    0.0060689854

    array([[-0.00017232, -0.00047877, -0.00076867, ..., -0.00114515,
            -0.00027301, -0.00027301],
           [-0.00020156, -0.00026686, -0.00058244, ..., -0.00105405,
            -0.00047237, -0.00047237],
           [-0.0001818 , -0.00050272, -0.00061736, ..., -0.00052884,
            -0.00176564, -0.00176564],
           ...,
           [-0.00015666, -0.00039382, -0.00063915, ..., -0.00364625,
            -0.00209331, -0.00209331],
           [-0.00018902, -0.00055326, -0.00069329, ..., -0.00160558,
            -0.00117518, -0.00117518],
           [-0.00016405, -0.00041253, -0.00059445, ..., -0.00205045,
            -0.00350138, -0.00350138]], shape=(2000, 49), dtype=float32)

  • sea_surface_wave_significant_height
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    1.985 2.067 2.303 ... 1.203 1.203

    minval :

    0.09663977

    maxval :

    3.3659163

    array([[1.9849988 , 2.066637  , 2.3026984 , ..., 1.1116376 , 1.5091307 ,
            1.5091307 ],
           [1.9849988 , 2.0310452 , 2.2378366 , ..., 0.78567106, 1.1063054 ,
            1.1063054 ],
           [1.9849988 , 2.100262  , 2.2638226 , ..., 0.887838  , 1.0829351 ,
            1.0829351 ],
           ...,
           [1.9849988 , 2.0494263 , 2.2604618 , ..., 0.9599014 , 1.2567407 ,
            1.2567407 ],
           [1.9849988 , 2.1115766 , 2.3480663 , ..., 1.2175823 , 1.5611148 ,
            1.5611148 ],
           [1.9849988 , 2.0499625 , 2.2583826 , ..., 0.9577779 , 1.2031815 ,
            1.2031815 ]], shape=(2000, 49), dtype=float32)

  • sea_surface_wave_stokes_drift_x_velocity
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 ... 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

    minval :

    0.0

    maxval :

    0.0

    array([[0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           ...,
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.]], shape=(2000, 49), dtype=float32)

  • sea_surface_wave_stokes_drift_y_velocity
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 ... 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

    minval :

    0.0

    maxval :

    0.0

    array([[0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           ...,
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.]], shape=(2000, 49), dtype=float32)

  • sea_floor_depth_below_sea_level
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    275.7 276.4 278.1 ... 180.6 180.6

    minval :

    91.851265

    maxval :

    333.8406

    array([[275.67816, 276.3586 , 278.1255 , ..., 209.01283, 214.9234 ,
            214.9234 ],
           [275.67816, 274.64883, 275.11658, ..., 139.658  , 134.16539,
            134.16539],
           [275.67816, 276.76593, 276.16025, ..., 172.91931, 144.1336 ,
            144.1336 ],
           ...,
           [275.67816, 276.39532, 276.77322, ..., 181.63643, 165.14424,
            165.14424],
           [275.67816, 277.59805, 277.69937, ..., 252.08243, 252.45483,
            252.45483],
           [275.67816, 276.63724, 276.4141 , ..., 193.35043, 180.57632,
            180.57632]], shape=(2000, 49), dtype=float32)

  • land_binary_mask
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 ... 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

    minval :

    0.0

    maxval :

    0.0

    array([[0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           ...,
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.]], shape=(2000, 49), dtype=float32)

• Attributes: (119)

  Conventions :

  CF-1.11, ACDD-1.3

  standard_name_vocabulary :

  CF Standard Name Table v85

  featureType :

  trajectory

  title :

  OpenDrift trajectory simulation

  summary :

  Output from simulation with OpenDrift framework

  keywords :

  trajectory, drift, lagrangian, simulation

  history :

  Created 2025-11-06 11:33:03.840408

  date_created :

  2025-11-06T11:33:03.840428

  source :

  Output from simulation with OpenDrift

  model_url :

  https://github.com/OpenDrift/opendrift

  opendrift_class :

  OceanDrift

  opendrift_module :

  opendrift.models.oceandrift

  readers :

  odict_keys(['LazyReader: https://thredds.met.no/thredds/dodsC/fou-hi/norkystv3_800m_m00_be', 'global_landmask'])

  time_coverage_start :

  2025-11-06 11:32:59.585680

  time_step_calculation :

  0:30:00

  time_step_output :

  0:30:00

  config_environment:constant:x_sea_water_velocity :

  None

  config_environment:fallback:x_sea_water_velocity :

  0

  config_environment:constant:y_sea_water_velocity :

  None

  config_environment:fallback:y_sea_water_velocity :

  0

  config_environment:constant:sea_surface_height :

  None

  config_environment:fallback:sea_surface_height :

  0

  config_environment:constant:x_wind :

  None

  config_environment:fallback:x_wind :

  0

  config_environment:constant:y_wind :

  None

  config_environment:fallback:y_wind :

  0

  config_environment:constant:upward_sea_water_velocity :

  None

  config_environment:fallback:upward_sea_water_velocity :

  0

  config_environment:constant:ocean_vertical_diffusivity :

  None

  config_environment:fallback:ocean_vertical_diffusivity :

  0

  config_environment:constant:sea_surface_wave_significant_height :

  None

  config_environment:fallback:sea_surface_wave_significant_height :

  0

  config_environment:constant:sea_surface_wave_stokes_drift_x_velocity :

  None

  config_environment:fallback:sea_surface_wave_stokes_drift_x_velocity :

  0

  config_environment:constant:sea_surface_wave_stokes_drift_y_velocity :

  None

  config_environment:fallback:sea_surface_wave_stokes_drift_y_velocity :

  0

  config_environment:constant:ocean_mixed_layer_thickness :

  None

  config_environment:fallback:ocean_mixed_layer_thickness :

  50

  config_environment:constant:sea_floor_depth_below_sea_level :

  None

  config_environment:fallback:sea_floor_depth_below_sea_level :

  10000

  config_environment:constant:land_binary_mask :

  None

  config_environment:fallback:land_binary_mask :

  None

  config_general:use_auto_landmask :

  True

  config_drift:current_uncertainty :

  0

  config_drift:current_uncertainty_uniform :

  0

  config_drift:max_speed :

  2.0

  config_readers:max_number_of_fails :

  1

  config_general:simulation_name :

  config_general:coastline_action :

  stranding

  config_general:coastline_approximation_precision :

  0.001

  config_general:time_step_minutes :

  60

  config_general:time_step_output_minutes :

  None

  config_seed:ocean_only :

  True

  config_seed:number :

  1

  config_drift:max_age_seconds :

  None

  config_drift:advection_scheme :

  euler

  config_drift:horizontal_diffusivity :

  10.0

  config_drift:profiles_depth :

  50

  config_drift:wind_uncertainty :

  0

  config_drift:relative_wind :

  False

  config_drift:deactivate_north_of :

  None

  config_drift:deactivate_south_of :

  None

  config_drift:deactivate_east_of :

  None

  config_drift:deactivate_west_of :

  None

  config_seed:origin_marker :

  0

  config_seed:z :

  0

  config_seed:wind_drift_factor :

  0.02

  config_seed:current_drift_factor :

  1

  config_seed:terminal_velocity :

  0.0

  config_drift:vertical_advection :

  True

  config_drift:vertical_advection_at_surface :

  False

  config_drift:water_column_stretching :

  False

  config_drift:vertical_advection_correction :

  False

  config_drift:vertical_mixing :

  False

  config_drift:vertical_mixing_at_surface :

  False

  config_vertical_mixing:timestep :

  60

  config_vertical_mixing:diffusivitymodel :

  environment

  config_vertical_mixing:background_diffusivity :

  1.2e-05

  config_vertical_mixing:TSprofiles :

  False

  config_drift:wind_drift_depth :

  0.1

  config_drift:stokes_drift :

  True

  config_drift:stokes_drift_profile :

  Phillips

  config_drift:use_tabularised_stokes_drift :

  False

  config_drift:tabularised_stokes_drift_fetch :

  25000

  config_general:seafloor_action :

  lift_to_seafloor

  config_drift:truncate_ocean_model_below_m :

  None

  config_seed:seafloor :

  False

  opendrift_version :

  1.14.6

  seed_geojson :

  {"features": [], "type": "FeatureCollection"}

  simulation_time :

  2025-11-06 11:33:03.849355

  reader_x_sea_water_velocity :

  ['https://thredds.met.no/thredds/dodsC/fou-hi/norkystv3_800m_m00_be']

  reader_y_sea_water_velocity :

  ['https://thredds.met.no/thredds/dodsC/fou-hi/norkystv3_800m_m00_be']

  reader_sea_surface_height :

  ['https://thredds.met.no/thredds/dodsC/fou-hi/norkystv3_800m_m00_be']

  reader_x_wind :

  ['https://thredds.met.no/thredds/dodsC/fou-hi/norkystv3_800m_m00_be']

  reader_y_wind :

  ['https://thredds.met.no/thredds/dodsC/fou-hi/norkystv3_800m_m00_be']

  reader_upward_sea_water_velocity :

  ['https://thredds.met.no/thredds/dodsC/fou-hi/norkystv3_800m_m00_be']

  reader_sea_surface_wave_significant_height :

  0

  reader_sea_surface_wave_stokes_drift_x_velocity :

  0

  reader_sea_surface_wave_stokes_drift_y_velocity :

  0

  reader_sea_floor_depth_below_sea_level :

  ['https://thredds.met.no/thredds/dodsC/fou-hi/norkystv3_800m_m00_be']

  reader_land_binary_mask :

  ['global_landmask']

  time_coverage_end :

  2025-11-07 11:32:59.585680

  time_coverage_duration :

  P1DT0H0M0S

  time_coverage_resolution :

  P0DT0H30M0S

  performance :

  -------------------- Reader performance: -------------------- global_landmask 0:00:01.5 total 0:00:00.0 preparing 0:00:01.5 reading 0:00:00.0 masking -------------------- https://thredds.met.no/thredds/dodsC/fou-hi/norkystv3_800m_m00_be 0:00:39.7 total 0:00:00.0 preparing 0:00:39.3 reading 0:00:00.8 interpolation 0:00:00.0 interpolation_time 0:00:00.4 rotating vectors 0:00:00.0 masking -------------------- Performance: 50.2 total time 4.2 configuration 0.0 preparing main loop 0.0 moving elements to ocean 44.4 main loop 0.0 updating elements 1.5 cleaning up --------------------

  geospatial_bounds_crs :

  EPSG:4326

  geospatial_bounds_vertical_crs :

  EPSG:5831

  geospatial_lat_min :

  59.978928

  geospatial_lat_max :

  60.303535

  geospatial_lat_units :

  degrees_north

  geospatial_lat_resolution :

  point

  geospatial_lon_min :

  4.5888543

  geospatial_lon_max :

  4.96485

  geospatial_lon_units :

  degrees_east

  geospatial_lon_resolution :

  point

  runtime :

  0:00:50.252250

  geospatial_vertical_min :

  -90.495605

  geospatial_vertical_max :

  0.0

  geospatial_vertical_positive :

  up

Plot results with lines and particles colored by depth

print(o)
o.plot(linecolor='z', buffer=.1, show_elements=False)
o.animation(color='z', buffer=.1)

===========================
--------------------
Reader performance:
--------------------
global_landmask
 0:00:01.5  total
 0:00:00.0  preparing
 0:00:01.5  reading
 0:00:00.0  masking
--------------------
https://thredds.met.no/thredds/dodsC/fou-hi/norkystv3_800m_m00_be
 0:00:39.7  total
 0:00:00.0  preparing
 0:00:39.3  reading
 0:00:00.8  interpolation
 0:00:00.0  interpolation_time
 0:00:00.4  rotating vectors
 0:00:00.0  masking
--------------------
Performance:
   50.2 total time
    4.2 configuration
    0.0 preparing main loop
      0.0 moving elements to ocean
   44.4 main loop
      0.0 updating elements
    1.5 cleaning up
--------------------
===========================
Model:  OceanDrift     (OpenDrift version 1.14.6)
        1999 active Lagrangian3DArray particles  (1 deactivated, 0 scheduled)
-------------------
Environment variables:
  -----
  land_binary_mask
     1) global_landmask
  -----
  sea_floor_depth_below_sea_level
  sea_surface_height
  upward_sea_water_velocity
  x_sea_water_velocity
  x_wind
  y_sea_water_velocity
  y_wind
     1) https://thredds.met.no/thredds/dodsC/fou-hi/norkystv3_800m_m00_be
  -----
Readers not added for the following variables:
  sea_surface_wave_significant_height
  sea_surface_wave_stokes_drift_x_velocity
  sea_surface_wave_stokes_drift_y_velocity

Discarded readers:

Time:
        Start: 2025-11-06 11:32:59.585680 UTC
        Present: 2025-11-07 11:32:59.585680 UTC
        Calculation steps: 48 * 0:30:00 - total time: 1 day, 0:00:00
        Output steps: 49 * 0:30:00
===========================

11:34:48 INFO    opendrift:4636: Saving animation to /root/project/docs/source/gallery/animations/example_depth_0.gif...
11:35:25 INFO    opendrift:3071: Time to make animation: 0:00:38.276277