Note
Go to the end to download the full example code.
Drift at different depths
from datetime import datetime, timedelta
import numpy as np
from opendrift.models.oceandrift import OceanDrift
o = OceanDrift(loglevel=20) # Set loglevel to 0 for debug information
14:09:21 INFO opendrift:568: OpenDriftSimulation initialised (version 1.14.9 / v1.14.9-43-g22dbf7d)
Using live data from Thredds
o.add_readers_from_list([
'https://thredds.met.no/thredds/dodsC/fou-hi/norkystv3_800m_m00_be'])
Adding some diffusion
o.set_config('environment:constant:horizontal_diffusivity', 10) # m2/s
Seed 1000 elements at random depths
z = -np.random.rand(2000)*50
o.seed_elements(lon=4.8, lat=60.0, z=z, radius=0, number=2000,
time=datetime.now())
print(o)
14:09:21 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:203: Adding a global landmask from GSHHG
14:09:26 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:227: Fallback values will be used for the following variables which have no readers:
14:09:26 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:230: x_sea_water_velocity: 0.000000
14:09:26 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:230: y_sea_water_velocity: 0.000000
14:09:26 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:230: sea_surface_height: 0.000000
14:09:26 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:230: x_wind: 0.000000
14:09:26 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:230: y_wind: 0.000000
14:09:26 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:230: upward_sea_water_velocity: 0.000000
14:09:26 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:230: ocean_vertical_diffusivity: 0.000000
14:09:26 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:230: sea_surface_wave_significant_height: 0.000000
14:09:26 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:230: sea_surface_wave_stokes_drift_x_velocity: 0.000000
14:09:26 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:230: sea_surface_wave_stokes_drift_y_velocity: 0.000000
14:09:26 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:230: ocean_mixed_layer_thickness: 50.000000
14:09:26 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:230: sea_floor_depth_below_sea_level: 10000.000000
===========================
Model: OceanDrift (OpenDrift version 1.14.9)
0 active Lagrangian3DArray particles (0 deactivated, 2000 scheduled)
-------------------
Environment variables:
-----
horizontal_diffusivity
1) constant_reader
-----
land_binary_mask
1) global_landmask
-----
Readers not added for the following variables:
ocean_mixed_layer_thickness
ocean_vertical_diffusivity
sea_floor_depth_below_sea_level
sea_surface_height
sea_surface_wave_significant_height
sea_surface_wave_stokes_drift_x_velocity
sea_surface_wave_stokes_drift_y_velocity
upward_sea_water_velocity
x_sea_water_velocity
x_wind
y_sea_water_velocity
y_wind
---
Lazy readers:
LazyReader: https://thredds.met.no/thredds/dodsC/fou-hi/norkystv3_800m_m00_be
Discarded readers:
===========================
Running model
o.run(duration=timedelta(hours=24), time_step=1800)
14:09:26 INFO opendrift:1894: Skipping environment variable ocean_vertical_diffusivity because of condition ['drift:vertical_mixing', 'is', False]
14:09:26 INFO opendrift:1894: Skipping environment variable ocean_mixed_layer_thickness because of condition ['drift:vertical_mixing', 'is', False]
14:09:26 INFO opendrift:1905: Storing previous values of element property lon because of condition (('general:coastline_action', 'in', ['stranding', 'previous']), 'or', ('general:seafloor_action', 'in', ['previous']))
14:09:26 INFO opendrift:1905: Storing previous values of element property lat because of condition (('general:coastline_action', 'in', ['stranding', 'previous']), 'or', ('general:seafloor_action', 'in', ['previous']))
14:09:26 INFO opendrift:1913: Storing previous values of environment variable sea_surface_height because of condition ['drift:vertical_advection', 'is', True]
14:09:26 INFO opendrift:947: Using existing reader for land_binary_mask to move elements to ocean
14:09:26 INFO opendrift:978: All points are in ocean
14:09:26 INFO opendrift:2202: 2026-04-21 14:09:21.966076 - step 1 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:09:26 INFO opendrift.readers:64: Opening file with xr.open_dataset
14:09:28 INFO opendrift.readers.reader_netCDF_CF_generic:340: Detected dimensions: {'x': 'X', 'y': 'Y', 'z': 'depth', 'time': 'time'}
14:09:28 INFO opendrift.readers.basereader:178: Variable x_sea_water_velocity will be rotated from eastward_sea_water_velocity
14:09:28 INFO opendrift.readers.basereader:178: Variable y_sea_water_velocity will be rotated from northward_sea_water_velocity
14:09:28 INFO opendrift.readers.basereader:178: Variable x_wind will be rotated from eastward_wind
14:09:28 INFO opendrift.readers.basereader:178: Variable y_wind will be rotated from northward_wind
14:09:30 INFO opendrift:2202: 2026-04-21 14:39:21.966076 - step 2 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:09:30 INFO opendrift:2202: 2026-04-21 15:09:21.966076 - step 3 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:09:31 INFO opendrift:2202: 2026-04-21 15:39:21.966076 - step 4 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:09:31 INFO opendrift:2202: 2026-04-21 16:09:21.966076 - step 5 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:09:32 INFO opendrift:2202: 2026-04-21 16:39:21.966076 - step 6 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:09:32 INFO opendrift:2202: 2026-04-21 17:09:21.966076 - step 7 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:09:34 INFO opendrift:2202: 2026-04-21 17:39:21.966076 - step 8 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:09:34 INFO opendrift:2202: 2026-04-21 18:09:21.966076 - step 9 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:09:35 INFO opendrift:2202: 2026-04-21 18:39:21.966076 - step 10 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:09:35 INFO opendrift:2202: 2026-04-21 19:09:21.966076 - step 11 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:09:36 INFO opendrift:2202: 2026-04-21 19:39:21.966076 - step 12 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:09:36 INFO opendrift:2202: 2026-04-21 20:09:21.966076 - step 13 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:09:37 INFO opendrift:2202: 2026-04-21 20:39:21.966076 - step 14 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:09:37 INFO opendrift:2202: 2026-04-21 21:09:21.966076 - step 15 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:09:38 INFO opendrift:2202: 2026-04-21 21:39:21.966076 - step 16 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:09:38 INFO opendrift:2202: 2026-04-21 22:09:21.966076 - step 17 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:09:40 INFO opendrift:2202: 2026-04-21 22:39:21.966076 - step 18 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:09:40 INFO opendrift:2202: 2026-04-21 23:09:21.966076 - step 19 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:09:41 INFO opendrift:2202: 2026-04-21 23:39:21.966076 - step 20 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:09:41 INFO opendrift:2202: 2026-04-22 00:09:21.966076 - step 21 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:09:42 INFO opendrift:2202: 2026-04-22 00:39:21.966076 - step 22 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:09:42 INFO opendrift:2202: 2026-04-22 01:09:21.966076 - step 23 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:09:44 INFO opendrift:2202: 2026-04-22 01:39:21.966076 - step 24 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:09:44 INFO opendrift:2202: 2026-04-22 02:09:21.966076 - step 25 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:09:45 INFO opendrift:2202: 2026-04-22 02:39:21.966076 - step 26 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:09:45 INFO opendrift:2202: 2026-04-22 03:09:21.966076 - step 27 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:09:47 INFO opendrift:2202: 2026-04-22 03:39:21.966076 - step 28 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:09:47 INFO opendrift:2202: 2026-04-22 04:09:21.966076 - step 29 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:09:48 INFO opendrift:2202: 2026-04-22 04:39:21.966076 - step 30 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:09:48 INFO opendrift:2202: 2026-04-22 05:09:21.966076 - step 31 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:09:49 INFO opendrift:2202: 2026-04-22 05:39:21.966076 - step 32 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:09:49 INFO opendrift:2202: 2026-04-22 06:09:21.966076 - step 33 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:09:51 INFO opendrift:2202: 2026-04-22 06:39:21.966076 - step 34 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:09:51 INFO opendrift:2202: 2026-04-22 07:09:21.966076 - step 35 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:09:52 INFO opendrift:2202: 2026-04-22 07:39:21.966076 - step 36 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:09:52 INFO opendrift:2202: 2026-04-22 08:09:21.966076 - step 37 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:09:53 INFO opendrift:2202: 2026-04-22 08:39:21.966076 - step 38 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:09:53 INFO opendrift:2202: 2026-04-22 09:09:21.966076 - step 39 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:09:55 INFO opendrift:2202: 2026-04-22 09:39:21.966076 - step 40 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:09:55 INFO opendrift:2202: 2026-04-22 10:09:21.966076 - step 41 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:09:56 INFO opendrift:2202: 2026-04-22 10:39:21.966076 - step 42 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:09:56 INFO opendrift:2202: 2026-04-22 11:09:21.966076 - step 43 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:09:57 INFO opendrift:2202: 2026-04-22 11:39:21.966076 - step 44 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:09:57 INFO opendrift:2202: 2026-04-22 12:09:21.966076 - step 45 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:09:59 INFO opendrift:2202: 2026-04-22 12:39:21.966076 - step 46 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:09:59 INFO opendrift:2202: 2026-04-22 13:09:21.966076 - step 47 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:10:00 INFO opendrift:2202: 2026-04-22 13:39:21.966076 - step 48 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
Plot results with lines and particles colored by depth
print(o)
o.plot(linecolor='z', buffer=.1, show_elements=False)
o.animation(color='z', buffer=.1)
===========================
--------------------
Reader performance:
--------------------
constant_reader
0:00:00.0 total
0:00:00.0 preparing
0:00:00.0 reading
0:00:00.0 masking
--------------------
global_landmask
0:00:00.0 total
0:00:00.0 preparing
0:00:00.0 reading
0:00:00.0 masking
--------------------
https://thredds.met.no/thredds/dodsC/fou-hi/norkystv3_800m_m00_be
0:00:30.6 total
0:00:00.0 preparing
0:00:30.2 reading
0:00:00.7 interpolation
0:00:00.0 interpolation_time
0:00:00.4 rotating vectors
0:00:00.0 masking
--------------------
Performance:
38.5 total time
4.6 configuration
0.0 preparing main loop
0.0 moving elements to ocean
33.8 main loop
0.1 updating elements
0.0 cleaning up
--------------------
===========================
Model: OceanDrift (OpenDrift version 1.14.9)
2000 active Lagrangian3DArray particles (0 deactivated, 0 scheduled)
-------------------
Environment variables:
-----
horizontal_diffusivity
1) constant_reader
-----
land_binary_mask
1) global_landmask
-----
sea_floor_depth_below_sea_level
sea_surface_height
upward_sea_water_velocity
x_sea_water_velocity
x_wind
y_sea_water_velocity
y_wind
1) https://thredds.met.no/thredds/dodsC/fou-hi/norkystv3_800m_m00_be
-----
Readers not added for the following variables:
sea_surface_wave_significant_height
sea_surface_wave_stokes_drift_x_velocity
sea_surface_wave_stokes_drift_y_velocity
Discarded readers:
Time:
Start: 2026-04-21 14:09:21.966076 UTC
Present: 2026-04-22 14:09:21.966076 UTC
Calculation steps: 48 * 0:30:00 - total time: 1 day, 0:00:00
Output steps: 49 * 0:30:00
===========================
14:10:55 INFO opendrift:4768: Saving animation to /root/project/docs/source/gallery/animations/example_depth_0.gif...
14:11:29 INFO opendrift:3191: Time to make animation: 0:00:35.639926
Total running time of the script: (2 minutes 15.635 seconds)