Note
Go to the end to download the full example code.
Drift at different depths
from datetime import datetime, timedelta
import numpy as np
from opendrift.models.oceandrift import OceanDrift
o = OceanDrift(loglevel=20) # Set loglevel to 0 for debug information
16:05:00 INFO opendrift:569: OpenDriftSimulation initialised (version 1.14.10 / v1.14.10-34-gf7a892a)
Using live data from Thredds
o.add_readers_from_list([
'https://thredds.met.no/thredds/dodsC/fou-hi/norkystv3_800m_m00_be'])
Adding some diffusion
o.set_config('environment:constant:horizontal_diffusivity', 10) # m2/s
Seed 1000 elements at random depths
z = -np.random.rand(2000)*50
o.seed_elements(lon=4.8, lat=60.0, z=z, radius=0, number=2000,
time=datetime.now())
print(o)
16:05:01 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:203: Adding a global landmask from GSHHG
16:05:06 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:227: Fallback values will be used for the following variables which have no readers:
16:05:06 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:230: x_sea_water_velocity: 0.000000
16:05:06 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:230: y_sea_water_velocity: 0.000000
16:05:06 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:230: sea_surface_height: 0.000000
16:05:06 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:230: x_wind: 0.000000
16:05:06 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:230: y_wind: 0.000000
16:05:06 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:230: upward_sea_water_velocity: 0.000000
16:05:06 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:230: ocean_vertical_diffusivity: 0.000000
16:05:06 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:230: sea_surface_wave_significant_height: 0.000000
16:05:06 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:230: sea_surface_wave_stokes_drift_x_velocity: 0.000000
16:05:06 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:230: sea_surface_wave_stokes_drift_y_velocity: 0.000000
16:05:06 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:230: ocean_mixed_layer_thickness: 50.000000
16:05:06 INFO opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:230: sea_floor_depth_below_sea_level: 10000.000000
===========================
Model: OceanDrift (OpenDrift version 1.14.10)
0 active Lagrangian3DArray particles (0 deactivated, 2000 scheduled)
-------------------
Environment variables:
-----
horizontal_diffusivity
1) constant_reader
-----
land_binary_mask
1) global_landmask
-----
Readers not added for the following variables:
ocean_mixed_layer_thickness
ocean_vertical_diffusivity
sea_floor_depth_below_sea_level
sea_surface_height
sea_surface_wave_significant_height
sea_surface_wave_stokes_drift_x_velocity
sea_surface_wave_stokes_drift_y_velocity
upward_sea_water_velocity
x_sea_water_velocity
x_wind
y_sea_water_velocity
y_wind
---
Lazy readers:
LazyReader: https://thredds.met.no/thredds/dodsC/fou-hi/norkystv3_800m_m00_be
Discarded readers:
===========================
Running model
o.run(duration=timedelta(hours=24), time_step=1800)
16:05:06 INFO opendrift:1903: Skipping environment variable ocean_vertical_diffusivity because of condition ['drift:vertical_mixing', 'is', False]
16:05:06 INFO opendrift:1903: Skipping environment variable ocean_mixed_layer_thickness because of condition ['drift:vertical_mixing', 'is', False]
16:05:06 INFO opendrift:1914: Storing previous values of element property lon because of condition (('general:coastline_action', 'in', ['stranding', 'previous']), 'or', ('general:seafloor_action', 'in', ['previous']))
16:05:06 INFO opendrift:1914: Storing previous values of element property lat because of condition (('general:coastline_action', 'in', ['stranding', 'previous']), 'or', ('general:seafloor_action', 'in', ['previous']))
16:05:06 INFO opendrift:1922: Storing previous values of environment variable sea_surface_height because of condition ['drift:vertical_advection', 'is', True]
16:05:06 INFO opendrift:955: Using existing reader for land_binary_mask to move elements to ocean
16:05:06 INFO opendrift:986: All points are in ocean
16:05:06 INFO opendrift:2213: 2026-08-21 16:05:01.002584 - step 1 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
16:05:06 INFO opendrift.readers:67: Opening file with xr.open_dataset
16:05:08 INFO opendrift.readers.reader_netCDF_CF_generic:340: Detected dimensions: {'x': 'X', 'y': 'Y', 'z': 'depth', 'time': 'time'}
16:05:08 INFO opendrift.readers.basereader:175: Variable x_sea_water_velocity will be rotated from eastward_sea_water_velocity
16:05:08 INFO opendrift.readers.basereader:175: Variable y_sea_water_velocity will be rotated from northward_sea_water_velocity
16:05:08 INFO opendrift.readers.basereader:175: Variable x_wind will be rotated from eastward_wind
16:05:08 INFO opendrift.readers.basereader:175: Variable y_wind will be rotated from northward_wind
16:05:10 INFO opendrift:2213: 2026-08-21 16:35:01.002584 - step 2 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
16:05:10 INFO opendrift:2213: 2026-08-21 17:05:01.002584 - step 3 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
16:05:11 INFO opendrift:2213: 2026-08-21 17:35:01.002584 - step 4 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
16:05:11 INFO opendrift:2213: 2026-08-21 18:05:01.002584 - step 5 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
16:05:12 INFO opendrift:2213: 2026-08-21 18:35:01.002584 - step 6 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
16:05:12 INFO opendrift:2213: 2026-08-21 19:05:01.002584 - step 7 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
16:05:13 INFO opendrift:2213: 2026-08-21 19:35:01.002584 - step 8 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
16:05:13 INFO opendrift:2213: 2026-08-21 20:05:01.002584 - step 9 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
16:05:15 INFO opendrift:2213: 2026-08-21 20:35:01.002584 - step 10 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
16:05:15 INFO opendrift:2213: 2026-08-21 21:05:01.002584 - step 11 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
16:05:16 INFO opendrift:2213: 2026-08-21 21:35:01.002584 - step 12 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
16:05:16 INFO opendrift:2213: 2026-08-21 22:05:01.002584 - step 13 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
16:05:17 INFO opendrift:2213: 2026-08-21 22:35:01.002584 - step 14 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
16:05:17 INFO opendrift:2213: 2026-08-21 23:05:01.002584 - step 15 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
16:05:18 INFO opendrift:2213: 2026-08-21 23:35:01.002584 - step 16 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
16:05:18 INFO opendrift:2213: 2026-08-22 00:05:01.002584 - step 17 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
16:05:20 INFO opendrift:2213: 2026-08-22 00:35:01.002584 - step 18 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
16:05:20 INFO opendrift:2213: 2026-08-22 01:05:01.002584 - step 19 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
16:05:21 INFO opendrift:2213: 2026-08-22 01:35:01.002584 - step 20 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
16:05:21 INFO opendrift:2213: 2026-08-22 02:05:01.002584 - step 21 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
16:05:22 INFO opendrift:2213: 2026-08-22 02:35:01.002584 - step 22 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
16:05:22 INFO opendrift:2213: 2026-08-22 03:05:01.002584 - step 23 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
16:05:23 INFO opendrift:2213: 2026-08-22 03:35:01.002584 - step 24 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
16:05:23 INFO opendrift:2213: 2026-08-22 04:05:01.002584 - step 25 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
16:05:25 INFO opendrift:2213: 2026-08-22 04:35:01.002584 - step 26 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
16:05:25 INFO opendrift:2213: 2026-08-22 05:05:01.002584 - step 27 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
16:05:26 INFO opendrift:2213: 2026-08-22 05:35:01.002584 - step 28 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
16:05:27 INFO opendrift:2213: 2026-08-22 06:05:01.002584 - step 29 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
16:05:28 INFO opendrift:2213: 2026-08-22 06:35:01.002584 - step 30 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
16:05:28 INFO opendrift:2213: 2026-08-22 07:05:01.002584 - step 31 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
16:05:29 INFO opendrift:2213: 2026-08-22 07:35:01.002584 - step 32 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
16:05:29 INFO opendrift:2213: 2026-08-22 08:05:01.002584 - step 33 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
16:05:31 INFO opendrift:2213: 2026-08-22 08:35:01.002584 - step 34 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
16:05:31 INFO opendrift:2213: 2026-08-22 09:05:01.002584 - step 35 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
16:05:32 INFO opendrift:2213: 2026-08-22 09:35:01.002584 - step 36 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
16:05:32 INFO opendrift:2213: 2026-08-22 10:05:01.002584 - step 37 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
16:05:34 INFO opendrift:2213: 2026-08-22 10:35:01.002584 - step 38 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
16:05:34 INFO opendrift:2213: 2026-08-22 11:05:01.002584 - step 39 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
16:05:35 INFO opendrift:2213: 2026-08-22 11:35:01.002584 - step 40 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
16:05:35 INFO opendrift:2213: 2026-08-22 12:05:01.002584 - step 41 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
16:05:36 INFO opendrift:2213: 2026-08-22 12:35:01.002584 - step 42 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
16:05:36 INFO opendrift:2213: 2026-08-22 13:05:01.002584 - step 43 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
16:05:38 INFO opendrift:2213: 2026-08-22 13:35:01.002584 - step 44 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
16:05:38 INFO opendrift:2213: 2026-08-22 14:05:01.002584 - step 45 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
16:05:39 INFO opendrift:2213: 2026-08-22 14:35:01.002584 - step 46 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
16:05:39 INFO opendrift:2213: 2026-08-22 15:05:01.002584 - step 47 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
16:05:40 INFO opendrift:2213: 2026-08-22 15:35:01.002584 - step 48 of 48 - 2000 active elements (0 deactivated)
Plot results with lines and particles colored by depth
print(o)
o.plot(linecolor='z', buffer=.1, show_elements=False)
o.animation(color='z', buffer=.1)
===========================
--------------------
Reader performance:
--------------------
constant_reader
0:00:00.0 total
0:00:00.0 preparing
0:00:00.0 reading
0:00:00.0 masking
--------------------
global_landmask
0:00:00.0 total
0:00:00.0 preparing
0:00:00.0 reading
0:00:00.0 masking
--------------------
https://thredds.met.no/thredds/dodsC/fou-hi/norkystv3_800m_m00_be
0:00:31.0 total
0:00:00.0 preparing
0:00:30.6 reading
0:00:00.7 interpolation
0:00:00.0 interpolation_time
0:00:00.3 rotating vectors
0:00:00.0 masking
--------------------
Performance:
39.9 total time
5.6 configuration
0.2 preparing main loop
0.0 moving elements to ocean
34.0 main loop
0.0 updating elements
0.0 cleaning up
--------------------
===========================
Model: OceanDrift (OpenDrift version 1.14.10)
2000 active Lagrangian3DArray particles (0 deactivated, 0 scheduled)
-------------------
Environment variables:
-----
horizontal_diffusivity
1) constant_reader
-----
land_binary_mask
1) global_landmask
-----
sea_floor_depth_below_sea_level
sea_surface_height
upward_sea_water_velocity
x_sea_water_velocity
x_wind
y_sea_water_velocity
y_wind
1) https://thredds.met.no/thredds/dodsC/fou-hi/norkystv3_800m_m00_be
-----
Readers not added for the following variables:
sea_surface_wave_significant_height
sea_surface_wave_stokes_drift_x_velocity
sea_surface_wave_stokes_drift_y_velocity
Discarded readers:
Time:
Start: 2026-08-21 16:05:01.002584 UTC
Present: 2026-08-22 16:05:01.002584 UTC
Calculation steps: 48 * 0:30:00 - total time: 1 day, 0:00:00
Output steps: 49 * 0:30:00
===========================
16:06:38 INFO opendrift:4799: Saving animation to /root/project/docs/source/gallery/animations/example_depth_0.gif...
16:06:55 INFO opendrift:3217: Time to make animation: 0:00:18.261422
Total running time of the script: (2 minutes 5.554 seconds)