Fish Eggs and Larvae

from datetime import datetime, timedelta
from opendrift.readers.reader_constant import Reader as ConstantReader
from opendrift.models.larvalfish import LarvalFish

o = LarvalFish(loglevel=50)

No horizontal movement, here only investigating vertical mixing and swimming

r = ConstantReader(
        {'x_sea_water_velocity': 0, 'y_sea_water_velocity': 0, 'x_wind': 0, 'y_wind': 0,
         'sea_water_temperature': 10,
         'land_binary_mask': 0, 'ocean_vertical_diffusivity': .02})
o.add_reader(r)
o.set_config('general:use_auto_landmask', False)

Seeding 20 fish eggs, which will hatch as larvae after some time, depending om temperature

time = datetime(2020, 7, 1, 12)
o.seed_elements(lon=4, lat=60, time=[time, time+timedelta(hours=24)], number=20)

o.run(duration=timedelta(days=40))

<xarray.Dataset> Size: 2MB
Dimensions:                                   (trajectory: 20, time: 961)
Coordinates:
  * trajectory                                (trajectory) int64 160B 0 1 ... 19
  * time                                      (time) datetime64[ns] 8kB 2020-...
Data variables: (12/31)
    status                                    (trajectory, time) float32 77kB ...
    moving                                    (trajectory, time) float32 77kB ...
    age_seconds                               (trajectory, time) float32 77kB ...
    origin_marker                             (trajectory, time) float32 77kB ...
    lon                                       (trajectory, time) float32 77kB ...
    lat                                       (trajectory, time) float32 77kB ...
    ...                                        ...
    ocean_vertical_diffusivity                (trajectory, time) float32 77kB ...
    ocean_mixed_layer_thickness               (trajectory, time) float32 77kB ...
    sea_water_temperature                     (trajectory, time) float32 77kB ...
    sea_water_salinity                        (trajectory, time) float32 77kB ...
    sea_surface_wave_stokes_drift_x_velocity  (trajectory, time) float32 77kB ...
    sea_surface_wave_stokes_drift_y_velocity  (trajectory, time) float32 77kB ...
Attributes: (12/128)
    Conventions:                                                           CF...
    standard_name_vocabulary:                                              CF...
    featureType:                                                           tr...
    title:                                                                 Op...
    summary:                                                               Ou...
    keywords:                                                              tr...
    ...                                                                    ...
    geospatial_lon_units:                                                  de...
    geospatial_lon_resolution:                                             point
    runtime:                                                               0:...
    geospatial_vertical_min:                                               -1...
    geospatial_vertical_max:                                               0.0
    geospatial_vertical_positive:                                          up

xarray.Dataset

• Dimensions:
  • trajectory: 20
  • time: 961
• Coordinates: (2)
  • trajectory
    (trajectory)
    int64
    0 1 2 3 4 5 6 ... 14 15 16 17 18 19

    cf_role :

    trajectory_id

    dtype :

    <class 'numpy.int32'>

    array([ 0,  1,  2,  3,  4,  5,  6,  7,  8,  9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17,
           18, 19])

  • time
    (time)
    datetime64[ns]
    2020-07-01T12:00:00 ... 2020-08-...

    standard_name :

    time

    long_name :

    time

    dtype :

    <class 'numpy.float64'>

    array(['2020-07-01T12:00:00.000000000', '2020-07-01T13:00:00.000000000',
           '2020-07-01T14:00:00.000000000', ..., '2020-08-10T10:00:00.000000000',
           '2020-08-10T11:00:00.000000000', '2020-08-10T12:00:00.000000000'],
          dtype='datetime64[ns]')

• Data variables: (31)
  • status
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 ... 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

    dtype :

    <class 'numpy.int32'>

    valid_range :

    [0 0]

    flag_values :

    [0]

    flag_meanings :

    active

    array([[ 0.,  0.,  0., ...,  0.,  0.,  0.],
           [nan,  0.,  0., ...,  0.,  0.,  0.],
           [nan, nan,  0., ...,  0.,  0.,  0.],
           ...,
           [nan, nan, nan, ...,  0.,  0.,  0.],
           [nan, nan, nan, ...,  0.,  0.,  0.],
           [nan, nan, nan, ...,  0.,  0.,  0.]], dtype=float32)

  • moving
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 ... 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0

    dtype :

    <class 'numpy.int32'>

    minval :

    1

    maxval :

    1

    array([[ 1.,  1.,  1., ...,  1.,  1.,  1.],
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           [nan, nan,  1., ...,  1.,  1.,  1.],
           ...,
           [nan, nan, nan, ...,  1.,  1.,  1.],
           [nan, nan, nan, ...,  1.,  1.,  1.],
           [nan, nan, nan, ...,  1.,  1.,  1.]], dtype=float32)

  • age_seconds
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    0.0 3.6e+03 ... 3.37e+06 3.373e+06

    dtype :

    <class 'numpy.float32'>

    units :

    s

    minval :

    0.0

    maxval :

    3456000.0

    array([[      0.,    3600.,    7200., ..., 3448800., 3452400., 3456000.],
           [     nan,       0.,    3600., ..., 3445200., 3448800., 3452400.],
           [     nan,      nan,       0., ..., 3441600., 3445200., 3448800.],
           ...,
           [     nan,      nan,      nan, ..., 3373200., 3376800., 3380400.],
           [     nan,      nan,      nan, ..., 3369600., 3373200., 3376800.],
           [     nan,      nan,      nan, ..., 3366000., 3369600., 3373200.]],
          dtype=float32)

  • origin_marker
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 ... 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

    dtype :

    <class 'numpy.int32'>

    unit :

    description :

    An integer kept constant during the simulation. Different values may be used for different seedings, to separate elements during analysis. With GUI, only a single seeding is possible.

    flag_values :

    [0]

    flag_meanings :

    Seed_0

    minval :

    0

    maxval :

    0

    array([[ 0.,  0.,  0., ...,  0.,  0.,  0.],
           [nan,  0.,  0., ...,  0.,  0.,  0.],
           [nan, nan,  0., ...,  0.,  0.,  0.],
           ...,
           [nan, nan, nan, ...,  0.,  0.,  0.],
           [nan, nan, nan, ...,  0.,  0.,  0.],
           [nan, nan, nan, ...,  0.,  0.,  0.]], dtype=float32)

  • lon
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 ... 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0

    dtype :

    <class 'numpy.float32'>

    units :

    degrees_east

    standard_name :

    longitude

    long_name :

    longitude

    axis :

    X

    minval :

    4.0

    maxval :

    4.0

    array([[ 4.,  4.,  4., ...,  4.,  4.,  4.],
           [nan,  4.,  4., ...,  4.,  4.,  4.],
           [nan, nan,  4., ...,  4.,  4.,  4.],
           ...,
           [nan, nan, nan, ...,  4.,  4.,  4.],
           [nan, nan, nan, ...,  4.,  4.,  4.],
           [nan, nan, nan, ...,  4.,  4.,  4.]], dtype=float32)

  • lat
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    60.0 60.0 60.0 ... 60.0 60.0 60.0

    dtype :

    <class 'numpy.float32'>

    units :

    degrees_north

    standard_name :

    latitude

    long_name :

    latitude

    axis :

    Y

    minval :

    60.0

    maxval :

    60.0

    array([[60., 60., 60., ..., 60., 60., 60.],
           [nan, 60., 60., ..., 60., 60., 60.],
           [nan, nan, 60., ..., 60., 60., 60.],
           ...,
           [nan, nan, nan, ..., 60., 60., 60.],
           [nan, nan, nan, ..., 60., 60., 60.],
           [nan, nan, nan, ..., 60., 60., 60.]], dtype=float32)

  • z
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    0.0 -9.541 -1.474 ... -56.07 -40.23

    dtype :

    <class 'numpy.float32'>

    units :

    m

    standard_name :

    z

    long_name :

    vertical position

    axis :

    Z

    positive :

    up

    minval :

    -102.290764

    maxval :

    0.0

    array([[  0.       ,  -9.540582 ,  -1.4740553, ..., -29.025297 ,
            -23.618786 ,  -7.3241615],
           [        nan,   0.       ,  -8.890781 , ..., -19.226892 ,
            -39.493702 , -37.29112  ],
           [        nan,         nan,   0.       , ..., -19.653563 ,
            -12.7464905, -39.019043 ],
           ...,
           [        nan,         nan,         nan, ..., -27.957212 ,
            -17.407808 , -22.122    ],
           [        nan,         nan,         nan, ..., -62.210308 ,
            -75.12157  , -93.90736  ],
           [        nan,         nan,         nan, ..., -63.296368 ,
            -56.065125 , -40.228054 ]], dtype=float32)

  • wind_drift_factor
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    0.02 0.02 0.02 ... 0.02 0.02 0.02

    dtype :

    <class 'numpy.float32'>

    units :

    1

    description :

    Elements at surface are moved with this fraction of the vind vector, in addition to currents and Stokes drift

    minval :

    0.02

    maxval :

    0.02

    array([[0.02, 0.02, 0.02, ..., 0.02, 0.02, 0.02],
           [ nan, 0.02, 0.02, ..., 0.02, 0.02, 0.02],
           [ nan,  nan, 0.02, ..., 0.02, 0.02, 0.02],
           ...,
           [ nan,  nan,  nan, ..., 0.02, 0.02, 0.02],
           [ nan,  nan,  nan, ..., 0.02, 0.02, 0.02],
           [ nan,  nan,  nan, ..., 0.02, 0.02, 0.02]], dtype=float32)

  • current_drift_factor
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 ... 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0

    dtype :

    <class 'numpy.float32'>

    units :

    1

    description :

    Elements are moved with this fraction of the current vector, in addition to currents and Stokes drift

    minval :

    1.0

    maxval :

    1.0

    array([[ 1.,  1.,  1., ...,  1.,  1.,  1.],
           [nan,  1.,  1., ...,  1.,  1.,  1.],
           [nan, nan,  1., ...,  1.,  1.,  1.],
           ...,
           [nan, nan, nan, ...,  1.,  1.,  1.],
           [nan, nan, nan, ...,  1.,  1.,  1.],
           [nan, nan, nan, ...,  1.,  1.,  1.]], dtype=float32)

  • terminal_velocity
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    0.0 0.001324 ... 0.001324 0.001324

    dtype :

    <class 'numpy.float32'>

    units :

    m/s

    description :

    Terminal rise/sinking velocity (buoyancy) in the ocean column

    minval :

    0.0

    maxval :

    0.0013238009

    array([[0.       , 0.0013238, 0.0013238, ..., 0.0013238, 0.0013238,
            0.0013238],
           [      nan, 0.       , 0.0013238, ..., 0.0013238, 0.0013238,
            0.0013238],
           [      nan,       nan, 0.       , ..., 0.0013238, 0.0013238,
            0.0013238],
           ...,
           [      nan,       nan,       nan, ..., 0.0013238, 0.0013238,
            0.0013238],
           [      nan,       nan,       nan, ..., 0.0013238, 0.0013238,
            0.0013238],
           [      nan,       nan,       nan, ..., 0.0013238, 0.0013238,
            0.0013238]], dtype=float32)

  • diameter
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    0.0014 0.0014 ... 0.0014 0.0014

    dtype :

    <class 'numpy.float32'>

    units :

    m

    minval :

    0.0014

    maxval :

    0.0014

    array([[0.0014, 0.0014, 0.0014, ..., 0.0014, 0.0014, 0.0014],
           [   nan, 0.0014, 0.0014, ..., 0.0014, 0.0014, 0.0014],
           [   nan,    nan, 0.0014, ..., 0.0014, 0.0014, 0.0014],
           ...,
           [   nan,    nan,    nan, ..., 0.0014, 0.0014, 0.0014],
           [   nan,    nan,    nan, ..., 0.0014, 0.0014, 0.0014],
           [   nan,    nan,    nan, ..., 0.0014, 0.0014, 0.0014]],
          dtype=float32)

  • neutral_buoyancy_salinity
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    31.25 31.25 31.25 ... 31.25 31.25

    dtype :

    <class 'numpy.float32'>

    units :

    PSU

    minval :

    31.25

    maxval :

    31.25

    array([[31.25, 31.25, 31.25, ..., 31.25, 31.25, 31.25],
           [  nan, 31.25, 31.25, ..., 31.25, 31.25, 31.25],
           [  nan,   nan, 31.25, ..., 31.25, 31.25, 31.25],
           ...,
           [  nan,   nan,   nan, ..., 31.25, 31.25, 31.25],
           [  nan,   nan,   nan, ..., 31.25, 31.25, 31.25],
           [  nan,   nan,   nan, ..., 31.25, 31.25, 31.25]], dtype=float32)

  • stage_fraction
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    0.0 0.004617 ... 1.002 1.002

    dtype :

    <class 'numpy.float32'>

    units :

    minval :

    0.0

    maxval :

    1.001845

    array([[0.        , 0.0046168 , 0.00923359, ..., 1.001845  , 1.001845  ,
            1.001845  ],
           [       nan, 0.        , 0.0046168 , ..., 1.001845  , 1.001845  ,
            1.001845  ],
           [       nan,        nan, 0.        , ..., 1.001845  , 1.001845  ,
            1.001845  ],
           ...,
           [       nan,        nan,        nan, ..., 1.001845  , 1.001845  ,
            1.001845  ],
           [       nan,        nan,        nan, ..., 1.001845  , 1.001845  ,
            1.001845  ],
           [       nan,        nan,        nan, ..., 1.001845  , 1.001845  ,
            1.001845  ]], dtype=float32)

  • hatched
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 ... 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0

    dtype :

    <class 'numpy.uint8'>

    units :

    minval :

    0

    maxval :

    1

    array([[ 0.,  0.,  0., ...,  1.,  1.,  1.],
           [nan,  0.,  0., ...,  1.,  1.,  1.],
           [nan, nan,  0., ...,  1.,  1.,  1.],
           ...,
           [nan, nan, nan, ...,  1.,  1.,  1.],
           [nan, nan, nan, ...,  1.,  1.,  1.],
           [nan, nan, nan, ...,  1.,  1.,  1.]], dtype=float32)

  • length
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    0.0 0.0 0.0 ... 18.09 18.11 18.14

    dtype :

    <class 'numpy.float32'>

    units :

    mm

    minval :

    0.0

    maxval :

    18.760794

    array([[ 0.      ,  0.      ,  0.      , ..., 18.706858, 18.733824,
            18.760794],
           [      nan,  0.      ,  0.      , ..., 18.679895, 18.706858,
            18.733824],
           [      nan,       nan,  0.      , ..., 18.652937, 18.679895,
            18.706858],
           ...,
           [      nan,       nan,       nan, ..., 18.141647, 18.16851 ,
            18.19538 ],
           [      nan,       nan,       nan, ..., 18.11479 , 18.141647,
            18.16851 ],
           [      nan,       nan,       nan, ..., 18.087938, 18.11479 ,
            18.141647]], dtype=float32)

  • weight
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    0.08 0.08 0.08 ... 8.894 8.942

    dtype :

    <class 'numpy.float32'>

    units :

    mg

    minval :

    0.08

    maxval :

    10.113697

    array([[ 0.08    ,  0.08    ,  0.08    , ..., 10.007418, 10.060451,
            10.113697],
           [      nan,  0.08    ,  0.08    , ...,  9.954598, 10.007418,
            10.060451],
           [      nan,       nan,  0.08    , ...,  9.901993,  9.954598,
            10.007418],
           ...,
           [      nan,       nan,       nan, ...,  8.942391,  8.991034,
             9.03988 ],
           [      nan,       nan,       nan, ...,  8.893953,  8.942391,
             8.991034],
           [      nan,       nan,       nan, ...,  8.845719,  8.893953,
             8.942391]], dtype=float32)

  • survival
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 ... 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0

    dtype :

    <class 'numpy.float32'>

    units :

    minval :

    1.0

    maxval :

    1.0

    array([[ 1.,  1.,  1., ...,  1.,  1.,  1.],
           [nan,  1.,  1., ...,  1.,  1.,  1.],
           [nan, nan,  1., ...,  1.,  1.,  1.],
           ...,
           [nan, nan, nan, ...,  1.,  1.,  1.],
           [nan, nan, nan, ...,  1.,  1.,  1.],
           [nan, nan, nan, ...,  1.,  1.,  1.]], dtype=float32)

  • x_sea_water_velocity
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 ... 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

    minval :

    0.0

    maxval :

    0.0

    array([[ 0.,  0.,  0., ...,  0.,  0.,  0.],
           [nan,  0.,  0., ...,  0.,  0.,  0.],
           [nan, nan,  0., ...,  0.,  0.,  0.],
           ...,
           [nan, nan, nan, ...,  0.,  0.,  0.],
           [nan, nan, nan, ...,  0.,  0.,  0.],
           [nan, nan, nan, ...,  0.,  0.,  0.]], dtype=float32)

  • y_sea_water_velocity
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 ... 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

    minval :

    0.0

    maxval :

    0.0

    array([[ 0.,  0.,  0., ...,  0.,  0.,  0.],
           [nan,  0.,  0., ...,  0.,  0.,  0.],
           [nan, nan,  0., ...,  0.,  0.,  0.],
           ...,
           [nan, nan, nan, ...,  0.,  0.,  0.],
           [nan, nan, nan, ...,  0.,  0.,  0.],
           [nan, nan, nan, ...,  0.,  0.,  0.]], dtype=float32)

  • sea_surface_height
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 ... 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

    minval :

    0.0

    maxval :

    0.0

    array([[ 0.,  0.,  0., ...,  0.,  0.,  0.],
           [nan,  0.,  0., ...,  0.,  0.,  0.],
           [nan, nan,  0., ...,  0.,  0.,  0.],
           ...,
           [nan, nan, nan, ...,  0.,  0.,  0.],
           [nan, nan, nan, ...,  0.,  0.,  0.],
           [nan, nan, nan, ...,  0.,  0.,  0.]], dtype=float32)

  • sea_surface_wave_significant_height
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 ... 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

    minval :

    0.0

    maxval :

    0.0

    array([[ 0.,  0.,  0., ...,  0.,  0.,  0.],
           [nan,  0.,  0., ...,  0.,  0.,  0.],
           [nan, nan,  0., ...,  0.,  0.,  0.],
           ...,
           [nan, nan, nan, ...,  0.,  0.,  0.],
           [nan, nan, nan, ...,  0.,  0.,  0.],
           [nan, nan, nan, ...,  0.,  0.,  0.]], dtype=float32)

  • x_wind
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 ... 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

    minval :

    0.0

    maxval :

    0.0

    array([[ 0.,  0.,  0., ...,  0.,  0.,  0.],
           [nan,  0.,  0., ...,  0.,  0.,  0.],
           [nan, nan,  0., ...,  0.,  0.,  0.],
           ...,
           [nan, nan, nan, ...,  0.,  0.,  0.],
           [nan, nan, nan, ...,  0.,  0.,  0.],
           [nan, nan, nan, ...,  0.,  0.,  0.]], dtype=float32)

  • y_wind
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 ... 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

    minval :

    0.0

    maxval :

    0.0

    array([[ 0.,  0.,  0., ...,  0.,  0.,  0.],
           [nan,  0.,  0., ...,  0.,  0.,  0.],
           [nan, nan,  0., ...,  0.,  0.,  0.],
           ...,
           [nan, nan, nan, ...,  0.,  0.,  0.],
           [nan, nan, nan, ...,  0.,  0.,  0.],
           [nan, nan, nan, ...,  0.,  0.,  0.]], dtype=float32)

  • land_binary_mask
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 ... 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

    minval :

    0.0

    maxval :

    0.0

    array([[ 0.,  0.,  0., ...,  0.,  0.,  0.],
           [nan,  0.,  0., ...,  0.,  0.,  0.],
           [nan, nan,  0., ...,  0.,  0.,  0.],
           ...,
           [nan, nan, nan, ...,  0.,  0.,  0.],
           [nan, nan, nan, ...,  0.,  0.,  0.],
           [nan, nan, nan, ...,  0.,  0.,  0.]], dtype=float32)

  • sea_floor_depth_below_sea_level
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    100.0 100.0 100.0 ... 100.0 100.0

    minval :

    100.0

    maxval :

    100.0

    array([[100., 100., 100., ..., 100., 100., 100.],
           [ nan, 100., 100., ..., 100., 100., 100.],
           [ nan,  nan, 100., ..., 100., 100., 100.],
           ...,
           [ nan,  nan,  nan, ..., 100., 100., 100.],
           [ nan,  nan,  nan, ..., 100., 100., 100.],
           [ nan,  nan,  nan, ..., 100., 100., 100.]], dtype=float32)

  • ocean_vertical_diffusivity
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    0.02 0.02 0.02 ... 0.02 0.02 0.02

    minval :

    0.02

    maxval :

    0.02

    array([[0.02, 0.02, 0.02, ..., 0.02, 0.02, 0.02],
           [ nan, 0.02, 0.02, ..., 0.02, 0.02, 0.02],
           [ nan,  nan, 0.02, ..., 0.02, 0.02, 0.02],
           ...,
           [ nan,  nan,  nan, ..., 0.02, 0.02, 0.02],
           [ nan,  nan,  nan, ..., 0.02, 0.02, 0.02],
           [ nan,  nan,  nan, ..., 0.02, 0.02, 0.02]], dtype=float32)

  • ocean_mixed_layer_thickness
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    50.0 50.0 50.0 ... 50.0 50.0 50.0

    minval :

    50.0

    maxval :

    50.0

    array([[50., 50., 50., ..., 50., 50., 50.],
           [nan, 50., 50., ..., 50., 50., 50.],
           [nan, nan, 50., ..., 50., 50., 50.],
           ...,
           [nan, nan, nan, ..., 50., 50., 50.],
           [nan, nan, nan, ..., 50., 50., 50.],
           [nan, nan, nan, ..., 50., 50., 50.]], dtype=float32)

  • sea_water_temperature
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    10.0 10.0 10.0 ... 10.0 10.0 10.0

    minval :

    10.0

    maxval :

    10.0

    array([[10., 10., 10., ..., 10., 10., 10.],
           [nan, 10., 10., ..., 10., 10., 10.],
           [nan, nan, 10., ..., 10., 10., 10.],
           ...,
           [nan, nan, nan, ..., 10., 10., 10.],
           [nan, nan, nan, ..., 10., 10., 10.],
           [nan, nan, nan, ..., 10., 10., 10.]], dtype=float32)

  • sea_water_salinity
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    34.0 34.0 34.0 ... 34.0 34.0 34.0

    minval :

    34.0

    maxval :

    34.0

    array([[34., 34., 34., ..., 34., 34., 34.],
           [nan, 34., 34., ..., 34., 34., 34.],
           [nan, nan, 34., ..., 34., 34., 34.],
           ...,
           [nan, nan, nan, ..., 34., 34., 34.],
           [nan, nan, nan, ..., 34., 34., 34.],
           [nan, nan, nan, ..., 34., 34., 34.]], dtype=float32)

  • sea_surface_wave_stokes_drift_x_velocity
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 ... 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

    minval :

    0.0

    maxval :

    0.0

    array([[ 0.,  0.,  0., ...,  0.,  0.,  0.],
           [nan,  0.,  0., ...,  0.,  0.,  0.],
           [nan, nan,  0., ...,  0.,  0.,  0.],
           ...,
           [nan, nan, nan, ...,  0.,  0.,  0.],
           [nan, nan, nan, ...,  0.,  0.,  0.],
           [nan, nan, nan, ...,  0.,  0.,  0.]], dtype=float32)

  • sea_surface_wave_stokes_drift_y_velocity
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 ... 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

    minval :

    0.0

    maxval :

    0.0

    array([[ 0.,  0.,  0., ...,  0.,  0.,  0.],
           [nan,  0.,  0., ...,  0.,  0.,  0.],
           [nan, nan,  0., ...,  0.,  0.,  0.],
           ...,
           [nan, nan, nan, ...,  0.,  0.,  0.],
           [nan, nan, nan, ...,  0.,  0.,  0.],
           [nan, nan, nan, ...,  0.,  0.,  0.]], dtype=float32)

• Indexes: (2)
  • trajectory
    PandasIndex

    PandasIndex(Index([0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19], dtype='int64', name='trajectory'))

  • time
    PandasIndex

    PandasIndex(DatetimeIndex(['2020-07-01 12:00:00', '2020-07-01 13:00:00',
                   '2020-07-01 14:00:00', '2020-07-01 15:00:00',
                   '2020-07-01 16:00:00', '2020-07-01 17:00:00',
                   '2020-07-01 18:00:00', '2020-07-01 19:00:00',
                   '2020-07-01 20:00:00', '2020-07-01 21:00:00',
                   ...
                   '2020-08-10 03:00:00', '2020-08-10 04:00:00',
                   '2020-08-10 05:00:00', '2020-08-10 06:00:00',
                   '2020-08-10 07:00:00', '2020-08-10 08:00:00',
                   '2020-08-10 09:00:00', '2020-08-10 10:00:00',
                   '2020-08-10 11:00:00', '2020-08-10 12:00:00'],
                  dtype='datetime64[ns]', name='time', length=961, freq='h'))

• Attributes: (128)

  Conventions :

  CF-1.11, ACDD-1.3

  standard_name_vocabulary :

  CF Standard Name Table v85

  featureType :

  trajectory

  title :

  OpenDrift trajectory simulation

  summary :

  Output from simulation with OpenDrift framework

  keywords :

  trajectory, drift, lagrangian, simulation

  history :

  Created 2025-02-18 17:11:56.236130

  date_created :

  2025-02-18T17:11:56.236145

  source :

  Output from simulation with OpenDrift

  model_url :

  https://github.com/OpenDrift/opendrift

  opendrift_class :

  LarvalFish

  opendrift_module :

  opendrift.models.larvalfish

  readers :

  odict_keys(['constant_reader'])

  time_coverage_start :

  2020-07-01 12:00:00

  time_step_calculation :

  1:00:00

  time_step_output :

  1:00:00

  config_environment:constant:x_sea_water_velocity :

  None

  config_environment:fallback:x_sea_water_velocity :

  0

  config_environment:constant:y_sea_water_velocity :

  None

  config_environment:fallback:y_sea_water_velocity :

  0

  config_environment:constant:sea_surface_height :

  None

  config_environment:fallback:sea_surface_height :

  0

  config_environment:constant:sea_surface_wave_significant_height :

  None

  config_environment:fallback:sea_surface_wave_significant_height :

  0

  config_environment:constant:x_wind :

  None

  config_environment:fallback:x_wind :

  0

  config_environment:constant:y_wind :

  None

  config_environment:fallback:y_wind :

  0

  config_environment:constant:land_binary_mask :

  None

  config_environment:fallback:land_binary_mask :

  None

  config_environment:constant:sea_floor_depth_below_sea_level :

  None

  config_environment:fallback:sea_floor_depth_below_sea_level :

  100

  config_environment:constant:ocean_vertical_diffusivity :

  None

  config_environment:fallback:ocean_vertical_diffusivity :

  0.01

  config_environment:constant:ocean_mixed_layer_thickness :

  None

  config_environment:fallback:ocean_mixed_layer_thickness :

  50

  config_environment:constant:sea_water_temperature :

  None

  config_environment:fallback:sea_water_temperature :

  10

  config_environment:constant:sea_water_salinity :

  None

  config_environment:fallback:sea_water_salinity :

  34

  config_environment:constant:sea_surface_wave_stokes_drift_x_velocity :

  None

  config_environment:fallback:sea_surface_wave_stokes_drift_x_velocity :

  0

  config_environment:constant:sea_surface_wave_stokes_drift_y_velocity :

  None

  config_environment:fallback:sea_surface_wave_stokes_drift_y_velocity :

  0

  config_general:use_auto_landmask :

  False

  config_drift:current_uncertainty :

  0

  config_drift:current_uncertainty_uniform :

  0

  config_drift:max_speed :

  2.0

  config_readers:max_number_of_fails :

  1

  config_general:simulation_name :

  config_general:coastline_action :

  stranding

  config_general:coastline_approximation_precision :

  0.001

  config_general:time_step_minutes :

  60

  config_general:time_step_output_minutes :

  None

  config_seed:ocean_only :

  True

  config_seed:number :

  1

  config_drift:max_age_seconds :

  None

  config_drift:advection_scheme :

  euler

  config_drift:horizontal_diffusivity :

  0

  config_drift:profiles_depth :

  50

  config_drift:wind_uncertainty :

  0

  config_drift:relative_wind :

  False

  config_drift:deactivate_north_of :

  None

  config_drift:deactivate_south_of :

  None

  config_drift:deactivate_east_of :

  None

  config_drift:deactivate_west_of :

  None

  config_seed:origin_marker :

  0

  config_seed:z :

  0

  config_seed:wind_drift_factor :

  0.02

  config_seed:current_drift_factor :

  1

  config_seed:terminal_velocity :

  0.0

  config_seed:diameter :

  0.0014

  config_seed:neutral_buoyancy_salinity :

  31.25

  config_seed:stage_fraction :

  0.0

  config_seed:hatched :

  0

  config_seed:length :

  0

  config_seed:weight :

  0.08

  config_seed:survival :

  1.0

  config_drift:vertical_advection :

  True

  config_drift:vertical_mixing :

  True

  config_vertical_mixing:timestep :

  60

  config_vertical_mixing:diffusivitymodel :

  environment

  config_vertical_mixing:background_diffusivity :

  1.2e-05

  config_vertical_mixing:TSprofiles :

  False

  config_drift:wind_drift_depth :

  0.1

  config_drift:stokes_drift :

  True

  config_drift:stokes_drift_profile :

  Phillips

  config_drift:use_tabularised_stokes_drift :

  False

  config_drift:tabularised_stokes_drift_fetch :

  25000

  config_general:seafloor_action :

  lift_to_seafloor

  config_drift:truncate_ocean_model_below_m :

  None

  config_seed:seafloor :

  False

  config_IBM:fraction_of_timestep_swimming :

  0.15

  opendrift_version :

  1.13.0

  seed_geojson :

  {"features": [], "type": "FeatureCollection"}

  simulation_time :

  2025-02-18 17:11:56.244690

  reader_x_sea_water_velocity :

  0

  reader_y_sea_water_velocity :

  0

  reader_sea_surface_height :

  0

  reader_sea_surface_wave_significant_height :

  0

  reader_x_wind :

  0

  reader_y_wind :

  0

  reader_land_binary_mask :

  0

  reader_sea_floor_depth_below_sea_level :

  100

  reader_ocean_vertical_diffusivity :

  0.02

  reader_ocean_mixed_layer_thickness :

  50

  reader_sea_water_temperature :

  10

  reader_sea_water_salinity :

  34

  reader_sea_surface_wave_stokes_drift_x_velocity :

  0

  reader_sea_surface_wave_stokes_drift_y_velocity :

  0

  time_coverage_end :

  2020-08-10 12:00:00

  time_coverage_duration :

  P40DT0H0M0S

  time_coverage_resolution :

  P0DT1H0M0S

  performance :

  -------------------- Reader performance: -------------------- constant_reader 0:00:00.2 total 0:00:00.0 preparing 0:00:00.2 reading 0:00:00.0 masking -------------------- Performance: 41.1 total time 0.0 configuration 0.0 preparing main loop 0.0 moving elements to ocean 41.0 main loop 15.7 updating elements 15.2 vertical mixing 0.0 cleaning up --------------------

  geospatial_bounds_crs :

  EPSG:4326

  geospatial_bounds_vertical_crs :

  EPSG:5831

  geospatial_lat_min :

  60.0

  geospatial_lat_max :

  60.0

  geospatial_lat_units :

  degrees_north

  geospatial_lat_resolution :

  point

  geospatial_lon_min :

  4.0

  geospatial_lon_max :

  4.0

  geospatial_lon_units :

  degrees_east

  geospatial_lon_resolution :

  point

  runtime :

  0:00:41.121120

  geospatial_vertical_min :

  -102.290764

  geospatial_vertical_max :

  0.0

  geospatial_vertical_positive :

  up

After 20 days eggs are hatched as Larvae, and starting to grow

o.plot_property('weight')
o.plot_property('length')

• 
• 

We see that larvae (after hatching) avoid the upper meters at daytime, to avoid predators. Vertical motion is a combination of vertical mixing, buoyancy and swimming.

o.plot_property('z')

Mean daily depth shows more clearly the diurnal migration of larvae

o.plot_property('z', mean=True)