Reader boundary

Seeding elements around the border of a ocean model domain (NorKyst800) to demonstrate autmatic transition back and forth with another model covering a larger domain (Topaz).

from datetime import datetime
import numpy as np
from opendrift.readers import reader_netCDF_CF_generic
from opendrift.models.oceandrift import OceanDrift

o = OceanDrift(loglevel=20)  # Set loglevel to 0 for debug information

# Norkyst
reader_norkyst = reader_netCDF_CF_generic.Reader('https://thredds.met.no/thredds/dodsC/fou-hi/norkystv3_800m_m00_be')

# Topaz
reader_topaz = reader_netCDF_CF_generic.Reader('https://thredds.met.no/thredds/dodsC/cmems/topaz6/dataset-topaz6-arc-15min-3km-be.ncml')

o.add_reader([reader_norkyst, reader_topaz])
o.set_config('environment:fallback:land_binary_mask', 0)
o.set_config('drift:vertical_mixing', False)

14:16:13 INFO    opendrift:576: OpenDriftSimulation initialised (version 1.14.8 / v1.14.8-22-ged2e201)
14:16:13 INFO    opendrift.readers:63: Opening file with xr.open_dataset
14:16:16 INFO    opendrift.readers.reader_netCDF_CF_generic:332: Detected dimensions: {'x': 'X', 'y': 'Y', 'z': 'depth', 'time': 'time'}
14:16:16 INFO    opendrift.readers.basereader:178: Variable x_sea_water_velocity will be rotated from eastward_sea_water_velocity
14:16:16 INFO    opendrift.readers.basereader:178: Variable y_sea_water_velocity will be rotated from northward_sea_water_velocity
14:16:16 INFO    opendrift.readers.basereader:178: Variable x_wind will be rotated from eastward_wind
14:16:16 INFO    opendrift.readers.basereader:178: Variable y_wind will be rotated from northward_wind
14:16:16 INFO    opendrift.readers:63: Opening file with xr.open_dataset
14:16:18 INFO    opendrift.readers.reader_netCDF_CF_generic:332: Detected dimensions: {'x': 'x', 'y': 'y', 'time': 'time'}

Seeding some particles

lons = np.linspace(5, 8, 50)
lats = np.linspace(69.8, 70.8, 50)
lons, lats = np.meshgrid(lons, lats)

Seed oil elements at defined position and time

o.seed_elements(lons, lats, radius=0, number=2500,
                time=datetime.now())

14:16:18 INFO    opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:203: Adding a global landmask from GSHHG
14:16:22 INFO    opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:227: Fallback values will be used for the following variables which have no readers:
14:16:22 INFO    opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:230:    horizontal_diffusivity: 0.000000
14:16:22 INFO    opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:230:    sea_surface_wave_significant_height: 0.000000
14:16:22 INFO    opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:230:    sea_surface_wave_stokes_drift_x_velocity: 0.000000
14:16:22 INFO    opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:230:    sea_surface_wave_stokes_drift_y_velocity: 0.000000
14:16:22 INFO    opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:230:    ocean_mixed_layer_thickness: 50.000000

Running model

o.run(steps=16*4, time_step=900, time_step_output=1800)

14:16:22 INFO    opendrift:1836: Skipping environment variable ocean_vertical_diffusivity because of condition ['drift:vertical_mixing', 'is', False]
14:16:22 INFO    opendrift:1836: Skipping environment variable ocean_mixed_layer_thickness because of condition ['drift:vertical_mixing', 'is', False]
14:16:22 INFO    opendrift:1847: Storing previous values of element property lon because of condition (('general:coastline_action', 'in', ['stranding', 'previous']), 'or', ('general:seafloor_action', 'in', ['previous']))
14:16:22 INFO    opendrift:1847: Storing previous values of element property lat because of condition (('general:coastline_action', 'in', ['stranding', 'previous']), 'or', ('general:seafloor_action', 'in', ['previous']))
14:16:22 INFO    opendrift:1855: Storing previous values of environment variable sea_surface_height because of condition ['drift:vertical_advection', 'is', True]
14:16:22 INFO    opendrift:955: Using existing reader for land_binary_mask to move elements to ocean
14:16:22 INFO    opendrift:986: All points are in ocean
14:16:22 INFO    opendrift:2144: 2026-03-03 14:16:18.663858 - step 1 of 64 - 2500 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:16:26 INFO    opendrift:2144: 2026-03-03 14:31:18.663858 - step 2 of 64 - 2500 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:16:27 INFO    opendrift:2144: 2026-03-03 14:46:18.663858 - step 3 of 64 - 2500 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:16:27 INFO    opendrift:2144: 2026-03-03 15:01:18.663858 - step 4 of 64 - 2500 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:16:30 INFO    opendrift:2144: 2026-03-03 15:16:18.663858 - step 5 of 64 - 2500 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:16:30 INFO    opendrift:2144: 2026-03-03 15:31:18.663858 - step 6 of 64 - 2500 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:16:31 INFO    opendrift:2144: 2026-03-03 15:46:18.663858 - step 7 of 64 - 2500 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:16:32 INFO    opendrift:2144: 2026-03-03 16:01:18.663858 - step 8 of 64 - 2500 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:16:34 INFO    opendrift:2144: 2026-03-03 16:16:18.663858 - step 9 of 64 - 2500 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:16:34 INFO    opendrift:2144: 2026-03-03 16:31:18.663858 - step 10 of 64 - 2500 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:16:35 INFO    opendrift:2144: 2026-03-03 16:46:18.663858 - step 11 of 64 - 2500 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:16:36 INFO    opendrift:2144: 2026-03-03 17:01:18.663858 - step 12 of 64 - 2500 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:16:38 INFO    opendrift:2144: 2026-03-03 17:16:18.663858 - step 13 of 64 - 2500 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:16:38 INFO    opendrift:2144: 2026-03-03 17:31:18.663858 - step 14 of 64 - 2500 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:16:39 INFO    opendrift:2144: 2026-03-03 17:46:18.663858 - step 15 of 64 - 2500 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:16:39 INFO    opendrift:2144: 2026-03-03 18:01:18.663858 - step 16 of 64 - 2500 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:16:42 INFO    opendrift:2144: 2026-03-03 18:16:18.663858 - step 17 of 64 - 2500 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:16:42 INFO    opendrift:2144: 2026-03-03 18:31:18.663858 - step 18 of 64 - 2500 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:16:43 INFO    opendrift:2144: 2026-03-03 18:46:18.663858 - step 19 of 64 - 2500 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:16:44 INFO    opendrift:2144: 2026-03-03 19:01:18.663858 - step 20 of 64 - 2500 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:16:46 INFO    opendrift:2144: 2026-03-03 19:16:18.663858 - step 21 of 64 - 2500 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:16:46 INFO    opendrift:2144: 2026-03-03 19:31:18.663858 - step 22 of 64 - 2500 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:16:47 INFO    opendrift:2144: 2026-03-03 19:46:18.663858 - step 23 of 64 - 2500 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:16:48 INFO    opendrift:2144: 2026-03-03 20:01:18.663858 - step 24 of 64 - 2500 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:16:50 INFO    opendrift:2144: 2026-03-03 20:16:18.663858 - step 25 of 64 - 2500 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:16:51 INFO    opendrift:2144: 2026-03-03 20:31:18.663858 - step 26 of 64 - 2500 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:16:52 INFO    opendrift:2144: 2026-03-03 20:46:18.663858 - step 27 of 64 - 2500 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:16:52 INFO    opendrift:2144: 2026-03-03 21:01:18.663858 - step 28 of 64 - 2500 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:16:54 INFO    opendrift:2144: 2026-03-03 21:16:18.663858 - step 29 of 64 - 2500 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:16:55 INFO    opendrift:2144: 2026-03-03 21:31:18.663858 - step 30 of 64 - 2500 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:16:56 INFO    opendrift:2144: 2026-03-03 21:46:18.663858 - step 31 of 64 - 2500 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:16:56 INFO    opendrift:2144: 2026-03-03 22:01:18.663858 - step 32 of 64 - 2500 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:16:59 INFO    opendrift:2144: 2026-03-03 22:16:18.663858 - step 33 of 64 - 2500 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:16:59 INFO    opendrift:2144: 2026-03-03 22:31:18.663858 - step 34 of 64 - 2500 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:17:00 INFO    opendrift:2144: 2026-03-03 22:46:18.663858 - step 35 of 64 - 2500 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:17:01 INFO    opendrift:2144: 2026-03-03 23:01:18.663858 - step 36 of 64 - 2500 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:17:03 INFO    opendrift:2144: 2026-03-03 23:16:18.663858 - step 37 of 64 - 2500 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:17:03 INFO    opendrift:2144: 2026-03-03 23:31:18.663858 - step 38 of 64 - 2500 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:17:04 INFO    opendrift:2144: 2026-03-03 23:46:18.663858 - step 39 of 64 - 2500 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:17:05 INFO    opendrift:2144: 2026-03-04 00:01:18.663858 - step 40 of 64 - 2500 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:17:07 INFO    opendrift:2144: 2026-03-04 00:16:18.663858 - step 41 of 64 - 2500 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:17:08 INFO    opendrift:2144: 2026-03-04 00:31:18.663858 - step 42 of 64 - 2500 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:17:08 INFO    opendrift:2144: 2026-03-04 00:46:18.663858 - step 43 of 64 - 2500 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:17:09 INFO    opendrift:2144: 2026-03-04 01:01:18.663858 - step 44 of 64 - 2500 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:17:11 INFO    opendrift:2144: 2026-03-04 01:16:18.663858 - step 45 of 64 - 2500 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:17:12 INFO    opendrift:2144: 2026-03-04 01:31:18.663858 - step 46 of 64 - 2500 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:17:12 INFO    opendrift:2144: 2026-03-04 01:46:18.663858 - step 47 of 64 - 2500 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:17:13 INFO    opendrift:2144: 2026-03-04 02:01:18.663858 - step 48 of 64 - 2500 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:17:16 INFO    opendrift:2144: 2026-03-04 02:16:18.663858 - step 49 of 64 - 2500 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:17:16 INFO    opendrift:2144: 2026-03-04 02:31:18.663858 - step 50 of 64 - 2500 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:17:17 INFO    opendrift:2144: 2026-03-04 02:46:18.663858 - step 51 of 64 - 2500 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:17:18 INFO    opendrift:2144: 2026-03-04 03:01:18.663858 - step 52 of 64 - 2500 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:17:20 INFO    opendrift:2144: 2026-03-04 03:16:18.663858 - step 53 of 64 - 2500 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:17:20 INFO    opendrift:2144: 2026-03-04 03:31:18.663858 - step 54 of 64 - 2500 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:17:21 INFO    opendrift:2144: 2026-03-04 03:46:18.663858 - step 55 of 64 - 2500 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:17:22 INFO    opendrift:2144: 2026-03-04 04:01:18.663858 - step 56 of 64 - 2500 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:17:24 INFO    opendrift:2144: 2026-03-04 04:16:18.663858 - step 57 of 64 - 2500 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:17:25 INFO    opendrift:2144: 2026-03-04 04:31:18.663858 - step 58 of 64 - 2500 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:17:26 INFO    opendrift:2144: 2026-03-04 04:46:18.663858 - step 59 of 64 - 2500 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:17:26 INFO    opendrift:2144: 2026-03-04 05:01:18.663858 - step 60 of 64 - 2500 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:17:29 INFO    opendrift:2144: 2026-03-04 05:16:18.663858 - step 61 of 64 - 2500 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:17:29 INFO    opendrift:2144: 2026-03-04 05:31:18.663858 - step 62 of 64 - 2500 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:17:30 INFO    opendrift:2144: 2026-03-04 05:46:18.663858 - step 63 of 64 - 2500 active elements (0 deactivated)
14:17:30 INFO    opendrift:2144: 2026-03-04 06:01:18.663858 - step 64 of 64 - 2500 active elements (0 deactivated)

<xarray.Dataset> Size: 7MB
Dimensions:                                   (trajectory: 2500, time: 33)
Coordinates:
  * trajectory                                (trajectory) int64 20kB 0 ... 2499
  * time                                      (time) datetime64[ns] 264B 2026...
Data variables: (12/22)
    status                                    (trajectory, time) float32 330kB ...
    moving                                    (trajectory, time) float32 330kB ...
    age_seconds                               (trajectory, time) float32 330kB ...
    origin_marker                             (trajectory, time) float32 330kB ...
    lon                                       (trajectory, time) float32 330kB ...
    lat                                       (trajectory, time) float32 330kB ...
    ...                                        ...
    horizontal_diffusivity                    (trajectory, time) float32 330kB ...
    sea_surface_wave_significant_height       (trajectory, time) float32 330kB ...
    sea_surface_wave_stokes_drift_x_velocity  (trajectory, time) float32 330kB ...
    sea_surface_wave_stokes_drift_y_velocity  (trajectory, time) float32 330kB ...
    sea_floor_depth_below_sea_level           (trajectory, time) float32 330kB ...
    land_binary_mask                          (trajectory, time) float32 330kB ...
Attributes: (12/122)
    Conventions:                                                           CF...
    standard_name_vocabulary:                                              CF...
    featureType:                                                           tr...
    title:                                                                 Op...
    summary:                                                               Ou...
    keywords:                                                              tr...
    ...                                                                    ...
    geospatial_lon_units:                                                  de...
    geospatial_lon_resolution:                                             point
    runtime:                                                               0:...
    geospatial_vertical_min:                                               0.0
    geospatial_vertical_max:                                               0.0
    geospatial_vertical_positive:                                          up

xarray.Dataset

• Dimensions:
  • trajectory: 2500
  • time: 33
• Coordinates: (2)
  • trajectory
    (trajectory)
    int64
    0 1 2 3 4 ... 2496 2497 2498 2499

    cf_role :

    trajectory_id

    dtype :

    <class 'numpy.int32'>

    array([   0,    1,    2, ..., 2497, 2498, 2499], shape=(2500,))

  • time
    (time)
    datetime64[ns]
    2026-03-03T14:16:18.663858 ... 2...

    standard_name :

    time

    long_name :

    time

    dtype :

    <class 'numpy.float64'>

    array(['2026-03-03T14:16:18.663858000', '2026-03-03T14:46:18.663858000',
           '2026-03-03T15:16:18.663858000', '2026-03-03T15:46:18.663858000',
           '2026-03-03T16:16:18.663858000', '2026-03-03T16:46:18.663858000',
           '2026-03-03T17:16:18.663858000', '2026-03-03T17:46:18.663858000',
           '2026-03-03T18:16:18.663858000', '2026-03-03T18:46:18.663858000',
           '2026-03-03T19:16:18.663858000', '2026-03-03T19:46:18.663858000',
           '2026-03-03T20:16:18.663858000', '2026-03-03T20:46:18.663858000',
           '2026-03-03T21:16:18.663858000', '2026-03-03T21:46:18.663858000',
           '2026-03-03T22:16:18.663858000', '2026-03-03T22:46:18.663858000',
           '2026-03-03T23:16:18.663858000', '2026-03-03T23:46:18.663858000',
           '2026-03-04T00:16:18.663858000', '2026-03-04T00:46:18.663858000',
           '2026-03-04T01:16:18.663858000', '2026-03-04T01:46:18.663858000',
           '2026-03-04T02:16:18.663858000', '2026-03-04T02:46:18.663858000',
           '2026-03-04T03:16:18.663858000', '2026-03-04T03:46:18.663858000',
           '2026-03-04T04:16:18.663858000', '2026-03-04T04:46:18.663858000',
           '2026-03-04T05:16:18.663858000', '2026-03-04T05:46:18.663858000',
           '2026-03-04T06:16:18.663858000'], dtype='datetime64[ns]')

• Data variables: (22)
  • status
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 ... 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

    dtype :

    <class 'numpy.int32'>

    valid_range :

    [0 0]

    flag_values :

    [0]

    flag_meanings :

    active

    array([[0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           ...,
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.]], shape=(2500, 33), dtype=float32)

  • moving
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 ... 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0

    dtype :

    <class 'numpy.int32'>

    minval :

    1

    maxval :

    1

    array([[1., 1., 1., ..., 1., 1., 1.],
           [1., 1., 1., ..., 1., 1., 1.],
           [1., 1., 1., ..., 1., 1., 1.],
           ...,
           [1., 1., 1., ..., 1., 1., 1.],
           [1., 1., 1., ..., 1., 1., 1.],
           [1., 1., 1., ..., 1., 1., 1.]], shape=(2500, 33), dtype=float32)

  • age_seconds
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    0.0 1.8e+03 ... 5.58e+04 5.76e+04

    dtype :

    <class 'numpy.float32'>

    units :

    s

    minval :

    0.0

    maxval :

    57600.0

    array([[    0.,  1800.,  3600., ..., 54000., 55800., 57600.],
           [    0.,  1800.,  3600., ..., 54000., 55800., 57600.],
           [    0.,  1800.,  3600., ..., 54000., 55800., 57600.],
           ...,
           [    0.,  1800.,  3600., ..., 54000., 55800., 57600.],
           [    0.,  1800.,  3600., ..., 54000., 55800., 57600.],
           [    0.,  1800.,  3600., ..., 54000., 55800., 57600.]],
          shape=(2500, 33), dtype=float32)

  • origin_marker
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 ... 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

    dtype :

    <class 'numpy.int32'>

    unit :

    description :

    An integer kept constant during the simulation. Different values may be used for different seedings, to separate elements during analysis. With GUI, only a single seeding is possible.

    flag_values :

    [0]

    flag_meanings :

    Seed_0

    minval :

    0

    maxval :

    0

    array([[0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           ...,
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.]], shape=(2500, 33), dtype=float32)

  • lon
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    5.0 5.001 5.002 ... 8.08 8.093

    dtype :

    <class 'numpy.float32'>

    units :

    degrees_east

    standard_name :

    longitude

    long_name :

    longitude

    axis :

    X

    minval :

    4.9037957

    maxval :

    8.470544

    array([[5.       , 5.0014086, 5.0019   , ..., 5.0022607, 5.0011125,
            4.999919 ],
           [5.0612245, 5.0621543, 5.062195 , ..., 5.0526834, 5.0510793,
            5.049428 ],
           [5.122449 , 5.123294 , 5.123287 , ..., 5.1099772, 5.108017 ,
            5.105993 ],
           ...,
           [7.877551 , 7.8742156, 7.8696   , ..., 7.891389 , 7.899496 ,
            7.908674 ],
           [7.9387755, 7.938294 , 7.9361014, ..., 7.9704657, 7.980802 ,
            7.9920826],
           [8.       , 8.003693 , 8.004806 , ..., 8.06811  , 8.080075 ,
            8.09323  ]], shape=(2500, 33), dtype=float32)

  • lat
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    69.8 69.8 69.8 ... 70.81 70.81

    dtype :

    <class 'numpy.float32'>

    units :

    degrees_north

    standard_name :

    latitude

    long_name :

    latitude

    axis :

    Y

    minval :

    69.667694

    maxval :

    70.83672

    array([[69.8     , 69.7992  , 69.79808 , ..., 69.77605 , 69.77407 ,
            69.77232 ],
           [69.8     , 69.79938 , 69.79843 , ..., 69.77942 , 69.77764 ,
            69.776085],
           [69.8     , 69.79944 , 69.79857 , ..., 69.781006, 69.779396,
            69.77802 ],
           ...,
           [70.8     , 70.8018  , 70.80315 , ..., 70.761375, 70.75932 ,
            70.75788 ],
           [70.8     , 70.80293 , 70.80551 , ..., 70.78401 , 70.78286 ,
            70.78212 ],
           [70.8     , 70.80391 , 70.8073  , ..., 70.8127  , 70.81262 ,
            70.81279 ]], shape=(2500, 33), dtype=float32)

  • z
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 ... 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

    dtype :

    <class 'numpy.float32'>

    units :

    m

    standard_name :

    z

    long_name :

    vertical position

    axis :

    Z

    positive :

    up

    minval :

    0.0

    maxval :

    0.0

    array([[0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           ...,
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.]], shape=(2500, 33), dtype=float32)

  • wind_drift_factor
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    0.02 0.02 0.02 ... 0.02 0.02 0.02

    dtype :

    <class 'numpy.float32'>

    units :

    1

    description :

    Elements at surface are moved with this fraction of the vind vector, in addition to currents and Stokes drift

    minval :

    0.02

    maxval :

    0.02

    array([[0.02, 0.02, 0.02, ..., 0.02, 0.02, 0.02],
           [0.02, 0.02, 0.02, ..., 0.02, 0.02, 0.02],
           [0.02, 0.02, 0.02, ..., 0.02, 0.02, 0.02],
           ...,
           [0.02, 0.02, 0.02, ..., 0.02, 0.02, 0.02],
           [0.02, 0.02, 0.02, ..., 0.02, 0.02, 0.02],
           [0.02, 0.02, 0.02, ..., 0.02, 0.02, 0.02]],
          shape=(2500, 33), dtype=float32)

  • current_drift_factor
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 ... 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0

    dtype :

    <class 'numpy.float32'>

    units :

    1

    description :

    Elements are moved with this fraction of the current vector, in addition to currents and Stokes drift

    minval :

    1.0

    maxval :

    1.0

    array([[1., 1., 1., ..., 1., 1., 1.],
           [1., 1., 1., ..., 1., 1., 1.],
           [1., 1., 1., ..., 1., 1., 1.],
           ...,
           [1., 1., 1., ..., 1., 1., 1.],
           [1., 1., 1., ..., 1., 1., 1.],
           [1., 1., 1., ..., 1., 1., 1.]], shape=(2500, 33), dtype=float32)

  • terminal_velocity
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 ... 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

    dtype :

    <class 'numpy.float32'>

    units :

    m/s

    description :

    Terminal rise/sinking velocity (buoyancy) in the ocean column

    minval :

    0.0

    maxval :

    0.0

    array([[0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           ...,
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.]], shape=(2500, 33), dtype=float32)

  • x_sea_water_velocity
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    0.03494 0.01557 ... 0.189 0.1898

    minval :

    -0.48175484

    maxval :

    0.40849355

    array([[ 0.03493644,  0.01556749, -0.00470679, ..., -0.02382042,
            -0.02588608, -0.02531002],
           [ 0.02454332,  0.00575802, -0.01393599, ..., -0.03356681,
            -0.03568589, -0.035123  ],
           [ 0.02253958,  0.00452499, -0.0142393 , ..., -0.04111136,
            -0.04359482, -0.04318328],
           ...,
           [-0.0103714 , -0.0240927 , -0.03619086, ...,  0.10745174,
             0.1295058 ,  0.14029072],
           [ 0.05005269,  0.03191977,  0.01514728, ...,  0.15385145,
             0.16476439,  0.16994096],
           [ 0.14211024,  0.1096391 ,  0.07803874, ...,  0.18428981,
             0.18895283,  0.18981273]], shape=(2500, 33), dtype=float32)

  • y_sea_water_velocity
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    -0.04393 -0.06522 ... 0.1633 0.169

    minval :

    -0.53883976

    maxval :

    0.3378196

    array([[-0.04392688, -0.06521755, -0.08145446, ..., -0.12506205,
            -0.11239658, -0.10467647],
           [-0.03350137, -0.05424951, -0.07005353, ..., -0.11345639,
            -0.10017749, -0.09225868],
           [-0.02945082, -0.04988426, -0.06565071, ..., -0.10321558,
            -0.08915229, -0.0809182 ],
           ...,
           [ 0.03400504,  0.01998119,  0.00638461, ...,  0.01949532,
             0.0592033 ,  0.07771464],
           [ 0.09851338,  0.08797403,  0.07830865, ...,  0.08048166,
             0.10706405,  0.12060018],
           [ 0.15719117,  0.13130379,  0.11112073, ...,  0.14937522,
             0.16332328,  0.16903391]], shape=(2500, 33), dtype=float32)

  • sea_surface_height
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    -0.4346 -0.6295 ... -1.218 -1.24

    minval :

    -1.4119745

    maxval :

    0.0734399

    array([[-0.43460852, -0.62947774, -0.8206032 , ..., -1.3540044 ,
            -1.394771  , -1.3976524 ],
           [-0.43416056, -0.62923175, -0.82054275, ..., -1.354326  ,
            -1.3952765 , -1.3982141 ],
           [-0.43341094, -0.6286866 , -0.8201742 , ..., -1.3546501 ,
            -1.395777  , -1.3987628 ],
           ...,
           [-0.3999218 , -0.5949792 , -0.7855403 , ..., -1.1707252 ,
            -1.2230829 , -1.245259  ],
           [-0.39774698, -0.59344983, -0.78457516, ..., -1.1699239 ,
            -1.2223468 , -1.2443324 ],
           [-0.39343667, -0.5891407 , -0.78058946, ..., -1.1657009 ,
            -1.2181784 , -1.2402147 ]], shape=(2500, 33), dtype=float32)

  • x_wind
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    0.0 0.0 0.0 ... 2.594 3.668 4.211

    minval :

    -8.976414

    maxval :

    9.361248

    array([[ 0.       ,  0.       ,  0.       , ...,  0.       ,  0.       ,
             0.       ],
           [ 0.       ,  0.       ,  0.       , ...,  0.       ,  0.       ,
             0.       ],
           [ 0.       ,  0.       ,  0.       , ...,  0.       ,  0.       ,
             0.       ],
           ...,
           [-2.5382857, -3.2001789, -3.6082585, ...,  2.6359894,  2.6205244,
             2.6504319],
           [-2.539307 , -3.423588 , -3.7918324, ...,  2.6083448,  3.0279706,
             3.2673664],
           [-2.672475 , -3.7205517, -4.0327735, ...,  2.594057 ,  3.6682653,
             4.2109942]], shape=(2500, 33), dtype=float32)

  • y_wind
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    0.0 0.0 0.0 ... -7.982 -7.83 -7.741

    minval :

    -8.363055

    maxval :

    10.101876

    array([[ 0.       ,  0.       ,  0.       , ...,  0.       ,  0.       ,
             0.       ],
           [ 0.       ,  0.       ,  0.       , ...,  0.       ,  0.       ,
             0.       ],
           [ 0.       ,  0.       ,  0.       , ...,  0.       ,  0.       ,
             0.       ],
           ...,
           [ 4.251206 ,  3.4999766,  3.2622397, ..., -7.8697743, -7.880088 ,
            -7.8779144],
           [ 4.4578953,  3.8357387,  3.495698 , ..., -7.9546275, -7.9625397,
            -7.9650803],
           [ 4.692868 ,  4.2895203,  3.8396506, ..., -7.981759 , -7.830142 ,
            -7.7408385]], shape=(2500, 33), dtype=float32)

  • upward_sea_water_velocity
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    0.0 0.0 ... -1.608e-05 -5.024e-06

    minval :

    -0.014641002

    maxval :

    0.005330492

    array([[ 0.00000000e+00,  0.00000000e+00,  0.00000000e+00, ...,
             0.00000000e+00,  0.00000000e+00,  0.00000000e+00],
           [ 0.00000000e+00,  0.00000000e+00,  0.00000000e+00, ...,
             0.00000000e+00,  0.00000000e+00,  0.00000000e+00],
           [ 0.00000000e+00,  0.00000000e+00,  0.00000000e+00, ...,
             0.00000000e+00,  0.00000000e+00,  0.00000000e+00],
           ...,
           [-1.02718506e-04, -1.07718508e-04, -1.04562976e-04, ...,
            -4.00041972e-05, -2.04169846e-05, -8.68893585e-06],
           [-1.02718506e-04, -1.07718508e-04, -1.04775536e-04, ...,
            -3.66195090e-05, -1.38944179e-05, -3.23940390e-06],
           [-1.07207074e-04, -1.17327450e-04, -1.14562972e-04, ...,
            -3.77123797e-05, -1.60761901e-05, -5.02429657e-06]],
          shape=(2500, 33), dtype=float32)

  • horizontal_diffusivity
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 ... 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

    minval :

    0.0

    maxval :

    0.0

    array([[0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           ...,
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.]], shape=(2500, 33), dtype=float32)

  • sea_surface_wave_significant_height
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    0.0 0.0 0.0 ... 1.733 1.839 1.91

    minval :

    0.0

    maxval :

    3.4616163

    array([[0.        , 0.        , 0.        , ..., 0.        , 0.        ,
            0.        ],
           [0.        , 0.        , 0.        , ..., 0.        , 0.        ,
            0.        ],
           [0.        , 0.        , 0.        , ..., 0.        , 0.        ,
            0.        ],
           ...,
           [0.6030849 , 0.5532782 , 0.5820787 , ..., 1.694492  , 1.6964878 ,
            1.6995234 ],
           [0.6474943 , 0.6502726 , 0.65430826, ..., 1.723957  , 1.7852379 ,
            1.8233074 ],
           [0.7174623 , 0.7931652 , 0.762752  , ..., 1.7327651 , 1.8392754 ,
            1.9102648 ]], shape=(2500, 33), dtype=float32)

  • sea_surface_wave_stokes_drift_x_velocity
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 ... 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

    minval :

    0.0

    maxval :

    0.0

    array([[0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           ...,
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.]], shape=(2500, 33), dtype=float32)

  • sea_surface_wave_stokes_drift_y_velocity
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 ... 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

    minval :

    0.0

    maxval :

    0.0

    array([[0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           ...,
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.]], shape=(2500, 33), dtype=float32)

  • sea_floor_depth_below_sea_level
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    3.238e+03 3.238e+03 ... 2.874e+03

    minval :

    2824.8726

    maxval :

    3241.024

    array([[3237.644 , 3237.5376, 3237.5405, ..., 3238.1826, 3238.3513,
            3238.43  ],
           [3231.7302, 3231.6758, 3231.7073, ..., 3233.1233, 3233.2913,
            3233.3757],
           [3226.837 , 3226.7874, 3226.8098, ..., 3228.0251, 3228.1707,
            3228.245 ],
           ...,
           [2909.3318, 2909.4673, 2909.776 , ..., 2912.836 , 2911.714 ,
            2911.0632],
           [2900.6626, 2900.3237, 2900.3066, ..., 2897.6492, 2896.0693,
            2895.1921],
           [2890.7188, 2889.5613, 2888.8713, ..., 2877.4824, 2875.5325,
            2874.4792]], shape=(2500, 33), dtype=float32)

  • land_binary_mask
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 ... 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

    minval :

    0.0

    maxval :

    0.0

    array([[0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           ...,
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.]], shape=(2500, 33), dtype=float32)

• Indexes: (2)
  • trajectory
    PandasIndex

    PandasIndex(Index([   0,    1,    2,    3,    4,    5,    6,    7,    8,    9,
           ...
           2490, 2491, 2492, 2493, 2494, 2495, 2496, 2497, 2498, 2499],
          dtype='int64', name='trajectory', length=2500))

  • time
    PandasIndex

    PandasIndex(DatetimeIndex(['2026-03-03 14:16:18.663858', '2026-03-03 14:46:18.663858',
                   '2026-03-03 15:16:18.663858', '2026-03-03 15:46:18.663858',
                   '2026-03-03 16:16:18.663858', '2026-03-03 16:46:18.663858',
                   '2026-03-03 17:16:18.663858', '2026-03-03 17:46:18.663858',
                   '2026-03-03 18:16:18.663858', '2026-03-03 18:46:18.663858',
                   '2026-03-03 19:16:18.663858', '2026-03-03 19:46:18.663858',
                   '2026-03-03 20:16:18.663858', '2026-03-03 20:46:18.663858',
                   '2026-03-03 21:16:18.663858', '2026-03-03 21:46:18.663858',
                   '2026-03-03 22:16:18.663858', '2026-03-03 22:46:18.663858',
                   '2026-03-03 23:16:18.663858', '2026-03-03 23:46:18.663858',
                   '2026-03-04 00:16:18.663858', '2026-03-04 00:46:18.663858',
                   '2026-03-04 01:16:18.663858', '2026-03-04 01:46:18.663858',
                   '2026-03-04 02:16:18.663858', '2026-03-04 02:46:18.663858',
                   '2026-03-04 03:16:18.663858', '2026-03-04 03:46:18.663858',
                   '2026-03-04 04:16:18.663858', '2026-03-04 04:46:18.663858',
                   '2026-03-04 05:16:18.663858', '2026-03-04 05:46:18.663858',
                   '2026-03-04 06:16:18.663858'],
                  dtype='datetime64[ns]', name='time', freq='30min'))

• Attributes: (122)

  Conventions :

  CF-1.11, ACDD-1.3

  standard_name_vocabulary :

  CF Standard Name Table v85

  featureType :

  trajectory

  title :

  OpenDrift trajectory simulation

  summary :

  Output from simulation with OpenDrift framework

  keywords :

  trajectory, drift, lagrangian, simulation

  history :

  Created 2026-03-03 14:16:22.529122

  date_created :

  2026-03-03T14:16:22.529130

  source :

  Output from simulation with OpenDrift

  model_url :

  https://github.com/OpenDrift/opendrift

  opendrift_class :

  OceanDrift

  opendrift_module :

  opendrift.models.oceandrift

  readers :

  odict_keys(['https://thredds.met.no/thredds/dodsC/fou-hi/norkystv3_800m_m00_be', 'https://thredds.met.no/thredds/dodsC/cmems/topaz6/dataset-topaz6-arc-15min-3km-be.ncml', 'global_landmask'])

  time_coverage_start :

  2026-03-03 14:16:18.663858

  time_step_calculation :

  0:15:00

  time_step_output :

  0:30:00

  config_environment:constant:x_sea_water_velocity :

  None

  config_environment:fallback:x_sea_water_velocity :

  0

  config_environment:constant:y_sea_water_velocity :

  None

  config_environment:fallback:y_sea_water_velocity :

  0

  config_environment:constant:sea_surface_height :

  None

  config_environment:fallback:sea_surface_height :

  0

  config_environment:constant:x_wind :

  None

  config_environment:fallback:x_wind :

  0

  config_environment:constant:y_wind :

  None

  config_environment:fallback:y_wind :

  0

  config_environment:constant:upward_sea_water_velocity :

  None

  config_environment:fallback:upward_sea_water_velocity :

  0

  config_environment:constant:ocean_vertical_diffusivity :

  None

  config_environment:fallback:ocean_vertical_diffusivity :

  0

  config_environment:constant:horizontal_diffusivity :

  None

  config_environment:fallback:horizontal_diffusivity :

  0

  config_environment:constant:sea_surface_wave_significant_height :

  None

  config_environment:fallback:sea_surface_wave_significant_height :

  0

  config_environment:constant:sea_surface_wave_stokes_drift_x_velocity :

  None

  config_environment:fallback:sea_surface_wave_stokes_drift_x_velocity :

  0

  config_environment:constant:sea_surface_wave_stokes_drift_y_velocity :

  None

  config_environment:fallback:sea_surface_wave_stokes_drift_y_velocity :

  0

  config_environment:constant:ocean_mixed_layer_thickness :

  None

  config_environment:fallback:ocean_mixed_layer_thickness :

  50

  config_environment:constant:sea_floor_depth_below_sea_level :

  None

  config_environment:fallback:sea_floor_depth_below_sea_level :

  10000

  config_environment:constant:land_binary_mask :

  None

  config_environment:fallback:land_binary_mask :

  0.0

  config_general:use_auto_landmask :

  True

  config_drift:current_uncertainty :

  0

  config_drift:current_uncertainty_uniform :

  0

  config_drift:max_speed :

  2.0

  config_readers:max_number_of_fails :

  1

  config_general:simulation_name :

  config_general:coastline_action :

  stranding

  config_general:coastline_approximation_precision :

  0.001

  config_general:time_step_minutes :

  60

  config_general:time_step_output_minutes :

  None

  config_seed:ocean_only :

  True

  config_seed:number :

  1

  config_drift:max_age_seconds :

  None

  config_drift:advection_scheme :

  euler

  config_drift:horizontal_diffusivity :

  0

  config_drift:profiles_depth :

  50

  config_drift:wind_uncertainty :

  0

  config_drift:relative_wind :

  False

  config_drift:deactivate_north_of :

  None

  config_drift:deactivate_south_of :

  None

  config_drift:deactivate_east_of :

  None

  config_drift:deactivate_west_of :

  None

  config_seed:origin_marker :

  0

  config_seed:z :

  0

  config_seed:wind_drift_factor :

  0.02

  config_seed:current_drift_factor :

  1

  config_seed:terminal_velocity :

  0.0

  config_drift:vertical_advection :

  True

  config_drift:vertical_advection_at_surface :

  False

  config_drift:water_column_stretching :

  False

  config_drift:vertical_advection_correction :

  False

  config_drift:vertical_mixing :

  False

  config_drift:vertical_mixing_at_surface :

  False

  config_vertical_mixing:timestep :

  60

  config_vertical_mixing:diffusivitymodel :

  environment

  config_vertical_mixing:background_diffusivity :

  1.2e-05

  config_vertical_mixing:TSprofiles :

  False

  config_drift:wind_drift_depth :

  0.1

  config_drift:stokes_drift :

  True

  config_drift:stokes_drift_profile :

  Phillips

  config_drift:use_tabularised_stokes_drift :

  False

  config_drift:tabularised_stokes_drift_fetch :

  25000

  config_general:seafloor_action :

  lift_to_seafloor

  config_drift:truncate_ocean_model_below_m :

  None

  config_seed:seafloor :

  False

  opendrift_version :

  1.14.8

  seed_geojson :

  {"features": [], "type": "FeatureCollection"}

  simulation_time :

  2026-03-03 14:16:22.535653

  reader_x_sea_water_velocity :

  ['https://thredds.met.no/thredds/dodsC/fou-hi/norkystv3_800m_m00_be', 'https://thredds.met.no/thredds/dodsC/cmems/topaz6/dataset-topaz6-arc-15min-3km-be.ncml']

  reader_y_sea_water_velocity :

  ['https://thredds.met.no/thredds/dodsC/fou-hi/norkystv3_800m_m00_be', 'https://thredds.met.no/thredds/dodsC/cmems/topaz6/dataset-topaz6-arc-15min-3km-be.ncml']

  reader_sea_surface_height :

  ['https://thredds.met.no/thredds/dodsC/fou-hi/norkystv3_800m_m00_be', 'https://thredds.met.no/thredds/dodsC/cmems/topaz6/dataset-topaz6-arc-15min-3km-be.ncml']

  reader_x_wind :

  ['https://thredds.met.no/thredds/dodsC/fou-hi/norkystv3_800m_m00_be']

  reader_y_wind :

  ['https://thredds.met.no/thredds/dodsC/fou-hi/norkystv3_800m_m00_be']

  reader_upward_sea_water_velocity :

  ['https://thredds.met.no/thredds/dodsC/fou-hi/norkystv3_800m_m00_be']

  reader_horizontal_diffusivity :

  0

  reader_sea_surface_wave_significant_height :

  0

  reader_sea_surface_wave_stokes_drift_x_velocity :

  0

  reader_sea_surface_wave_stokes_drift_y_velocity :

  0

  reader_sea_floor_depth_below_sea_level :

  ['https://thredds.met.no/thredds/dodsC/fou-hi/norkystv3_800m_m00_be', 'https://thredds.met.no/thredds/dodsC/cmems/topaz6/dataset-topaz6-arc-15min-3km-be.ncml']

  reader_land_binary_mask :

  ['global_landmask']

  time_coverage_end :

  2026-03-04 06:16:18.663858

  time_coverage_duration :

  P0DT16H0M0S

  time_coverage_resolution :

  P0DT0H15M0S

  performance :

  -------------------- Reader performance: -------------------- https://thredds.met.no/thredds/dodsC/fou-hi/norkystv3_800m_m00_be 0:00:30.4 total 0:00:00.0 preparing 0:00:30.0 reading 0:00:00.2 interpolation 0:00:00.0 interpolation_time 0:00:00.3 rotating vectors 0:00:00.0 masking -------------------- https://thredds.met.no/thredds/dodsC/cmems/topaz6/dataset-topaz6-arc-15min-3km-be.ncml 0:00:38.9 total 0:00:00.0 preparing 0:00:38.7 reading 0:00:00.0 interpolation 0:00:00.0 interpolation_time 0:00:00.1 rotating vectors 0:00:00.0 masking -------------------- global_landmask 0:00:00.0 total 0:00:00.0 preparing 0:00:00.0 reading 0:00:00.0 masking -------------------- Performance: 1:19.4 total time 8.6 configuration 0.0 preparing main loop 0.0 moving elements to ocean 1:10.7 main loop 0.1 updating elements 0.0 cleaning up --------------------

  geospatial_bounds_crs :

  EPSG:4326

  geospatial_bounds_vertical_crs :

  EPSG:5831

  geospatial_lat_min :

  69.667694

  geospatial_lat_max :

  70.83672

  geospatial_lat_units :

  degrees_north

  geospatial_lat_resolution :

  point

  geospatial_lon_min :

  4.9037957

  geospatial_lon_max :

  8.470544

  geospatial_lon_units :

  degrees_east

  geospatial_lon_resolution :

  point

  runtime :

  0:01:19.437660

  geospatial_vertical_min :

  0.0

  geospatial_vertical_max :

  0.0

  geospatial_vertical_positive :

  up

Print and plot results

print(o)
o.animation(fast=True)

===========================
--------------------
Reader performance:
--------------------
https://thredds.met.no/thredds/dodsC/fou-hi/norkystv3_800m_m00_be
 0:00:30.4  total
 0:00:00.0  preparing
 0:00:30.0  reading
 0:00:00.2  interpolation
 0:00:00.0  interpolation_time
 0:00:00.3  rotating vectors
 0:00:00.0  masking
--------------------
https://thredds.met.no/thredds/dodsC/cmems/topaz6/dataset-topaz6-arc-15min-3km-be.ncml
 0:00:38.9  total
 0:00:00.0  preparing
 0:00:38.7  reading
 0:00:00.0  interpolation
 0:00:00.0  interpolation_time
 0:00:00.1  rotating vectors
 0:00:00.0  masking
--------------------
global_landmask
 0:00:00.0  total
 0:00:00.0  preparing
 0:00:00.0  reading
 0:00:00.0  masking
--------------------
Performance:
 1:19.4 total time
    8.6 configuration
    0.0 preparing main loop
      0.0 moving elements to ocean
 1:10.7 main loop
      0.1 updating elements
    0.0 cleaning up
--------------------
===========================
Model:  OceanDrift     (OpenDrift version 1.14.8)
        2500 active Lagrangian3DArray particles  (0 deactivated, 0 scheduled)
-------------------
Environment variables:
  -----
  sea_floor_depth_below_sea_level
  sea_surface_height
  x_sea_water_velocity
  y_sea_water_velocity
     1) https://thredds.met.no/thredds/dodsC/fou-hi/norkystv3_800m_m00_be
     2) https://thredds.met.no/thredds/dodsC/cmems/topaz6/dataset-topaz6-arc-15min-3km-be.ncml
  -----
  upward_sea_water_velocity
  x_wind
  y_wind
     1) https://thredds.met.no/thredds/dodsC/fou-hi/norkystv3_800m_m00_be
  -----
  land_binary_mask
     1) global_landmask
  -----
Readers not added for the following variables:
  horizontal_diffusivity
  sea_surface_wave_significant_height
  sea_surface_wave_stokes_drift_x_velocity
  sea_surface_wave_stokes_drift_y_velocity

Discarded readers:

Time:
        Start: 2026-03-03 14:16:18.663858 UTC
        Present: 2026-03-04 06:16:18.663858 UTC
        Calculation steps: 64 * 0:15:00 - total time: 16:00:00
        Output steps: 33 * 0:30:00
===========================

14:17:33 WARNING opendrift:2507: Plotting fast. This will make your plots less accurate.
14:17:34 INFO    opendrift:4705: Saving animation to /root/project/docs/source/gallery/animations/example_reader_boundary_0.gif...
14:17:55 INFO    opendrift:3128: Time to make animation: 0:00:21.785105

o.plot(fast=True)

14:17:55 WARNING opendrift:2507: Plotting fast. This will make your plots less accurate.

(<GeoAxes: title={'center': 'OpenDrift - OceanDrift\n2026-03-03 14:16 to 2026-03-04 06:16 UTC (33 steps)'}>, <Figure size 947.292x1100 with 1 Axes>)