No stranding

import numpy as np
from opendrift import test_data_folder as tdf
from opendrift.readers import reader_netCDF_CF_generic
from opendrift.readers import reader_ROMS_native
from opendrift.models.oceandrift import OceanDrift

o = OceanDrift(loglevel=20)  # Set loglevel to 0 for debug information
o.set_config('drift:max_speed', 3)

# This example works better using hourly input from Thredds than the daily data from test folder
reader_current = reader_netCDF_CF_generic.Reader('https://thredds.met.no/thredds/dodsC/cmems/topaz6/dataset-topaz6-arc-15min-3km-be.ncml')
#reader_current = reader_ROMS_native.Reader(tdf +
#    '2Feb2016_Nordic_sigma_3d/Nordic-4km_SLEVELS_avg_00_subset2Feb2016.nc')

o.add_reader([reader_current])
o.set_config('general:coastline_action', 'previous')

13:28:28 INFO    opendrift:569: OpenDriftSimulation initialised (version 1.14.10 / v1.14.10-27-gff3ada1)
13:28:28 INFO    opendrift.readers:67: Opening file with xr.open_dataset
13:28:34 INFO    opendrift.readers.reader_netCDF_CF_generic:340: Detected dimensions: {'x': 'x', 'y': 'y', 'time': 'time'}

Seeding elements on a grid

lons = np.linspace(12, 14.5, 30)
lats = np.linspace(67.5, 68.5, 30)
lons, lats = np.meshgrid(lons, lats)
lon = lons.ravel()
lat = lats.ravel()

time = reader_current.start_time
o.seed_elements(lon, lat, radius=0, number=30*30, time=time)

o.run(steps=24*2, time_step=3600)

13:28:34 INFO    opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:203: Adding a global landmask from GSHHG
13:28:38 INFO    opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:227: Fallback values will be used for the following variables which have no readers:
13:28:38 INFO    opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:230:    x_wind: 0.000000
13:28:38 INFO    opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:230:    y_wind: 0.000000
13:28:38 INFO    opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:230:    upward_sea_water_velocity: 0.000000
13:28:38 INFO    opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:230:    ocean_vertical_diffusivity: 0.000000
13:28:38 INFO    opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:230:    horizontal_diffusivity: 0.000000
13:28:38 INFO    opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:230:    sea_surface_wave_significant_height: 0.000000
13:28:38 INFO    opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:230:    sea_surface_wave_stokes_drift_x_velocity: 0.000000
13:28:38 INFO    opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:230:    sea_surface_wave_stokes_drift_y_velocity: 0.000000
13:28:38 INFO    opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:230:    ocean_mixed_layer_thickness: 50.000000
13:28:38 INFO    opendrift:1903: Skipping environment variable ocean_vertical_diffusivity because of condition ['drift:vertical_mixing', 'is', False]
13:28:38 INFO    opendrift:1903: Skipping environment variable ocean_mixed_layer_thickness because of condition ['drift:vertical_mixing', 'is', False]
13:28:38 INFO    opendrift:1914: Storing previous values of element property lon because of condition (('general:coastline_action', 'in', ['stranding', 'previous']), 'or', ('general:seafloor_action', 'in', ['previous']))
13:28:38 INFO    opendrift:1914: Storing previous values of element property lat because of condition (('general:coastline_action', 'in', ['stranding', 'previous']), 'or', ('general:seafloor_action', 'in', ['previous']))
13:28:38 INFO    opendrift:1922: Storing previous values of environment variable sea_surface_height because of condition ['drift:vertical_advection', 'is', True]
13:28:38 INFO    opendrift:955: Using existing reader for land_binary_mask to move elements to ocean
13:28:40 INFO    opendrift:988: Moving 81 out of 900 points from land to water
13:28:40 INFO    opendrift:2211: 2018-01-01 00:00:00 - step 1 of 48 - 900 active elements (0 deactivated)
13:28:41 INFO    opendrift:2211: 2018-01-01 01:00:00 - step 2 of 48 - 900 active elements (0 deactivated)
13:28:43 INFO    opendrift:2211: 2018-01-01 02:00:00 - step 3 of 48 - 900 active elements (0 deactivated)
13:28:44 INFO    opendrift:2211: 2018-01-01 03:00:00 - step 4 of 48 - 900 active elements (0 deactivated)
13:28:44 INFO    opendrift:2211: 2018-01-01 04:00:00 - step 5 of 48 - 900 active elements (0 deactivated)
13:28:45 INFO    opendrift:2211: 2018-01-01 05:00:00 - step 6 of 48 - 900 active elements (0 deactivated)
13:28:46 INFO    opendrift:2211: 2018-01-01 06:00:00 - step 7 of 48 - 900 active elements (0 deactivated)
13:28:46 INFO    opendrift:2211: 2018-01-01 07:00:00 - step 8 of 48 - 900 active elements (0 deactivated)
13:28:47 INFO    opendrift:2211: 2018-01-01 08:00:00 - step 9 of 48 - 900 active elements (0 deactivated)
13:28:48 INFO    opendrift:2211: 2018-01-01 09:00:00 - step 10 of 48 - 900 active elements (0 deactivated)
13:28:48 INFO    opendrift:2211: 2018-01-01 10:00:00 - step 11 of 48 - 900 active elements (0 deactivated)
13:28:49 INFO    opendrift:2211: 2018-01-01 11:00:00 - step 12 of 48 - 900 active elements (0 deactivated)
13:28:50 INFO    opendrift:2211: 2018-01-01 12:00:00 - step 13 of 48 - 900 active elements (0 deactivated)
13:28:50 INFO    opendrift:2211: 2018-01-01 13:00:00 - step 14 of 48 - 900 active elements (0 deactivated)
13:28:51 INFO    opendrift:2211: 2018-01-01 14:00:00 - step 15 of 48 - 900 active elements (0 deactivated)
13:28:52 INFO    opendrift:2211: 2018-01-01 15:00:00 - step 16 of 48 - 900 active elements (0 deactivated)
13:28:52 INFO    opendrift:2211: 2018-01-01 16:00:00 - step 17 of 48 - 900 active elements (0 deactivated)
13:28:53 INFO    opendrift:2211: 2018-01-01 17:00:00 - step 18 of 48 - 900 active elements (0 deactivated)
13:28:54 INFO    opendrift:2211: 2018-01-01 18:00:00 - step 19 of 48 - 900 active elements (0 deactivated)
13:28:54 INFO    opendrift:2211: 2018-01-01 19:00:00 - step 20 of 48 - 900 active elements (0 deactivated)
13:28:55 INFO    opendrift:2211: 2018-01-01 20:00:00 - step 21 of 48 - 900 active elements (0 deactivated)
13:28:56 INFO    opendrift:2211: 2018-01-01 21:00:00 - step 22 of 48 - 900 active elements (0 deactivated)
13:28:56 INFO    opendrift:2211: 2018-01-01 22:00:00 - step 23 of 48 - 900 active elements (0 deactivated)
13:28:57 INFO    opendrift:2211: 2018-01-01 23:00:00 - step 24 of 48 - 900 active elements (0 deactivated)
13:28:58 INFO    opendrift:2211: 2018-01-02 00:00:00 - step 25 of 48 - 900 active elements (0 deactivated)
13:28:58 INFO    opendrift:2211: 2018-01-02 01:00:00 - step 26 of 48 - 900 active elements (0 deactivated)
13:28:59 INFO    opendrift:2211: 2018-01-02 02:00:00 - step 27 of 48 - 900 active elements (0 deactivated)
13:29:00 INFO    opendrift:2211: 2018-01-02 03:00:00 - step 28 of 48 - 900 active elements (0 deactivated)
13:29:00 INFO    opendrift:2211: 2018-01-02 04:00:00 - step 29 of 48 - 900 active elements (0 deactivated)
13:29:01 INFO    opendrift:2211: 2018-01-02 05:00:00 - step 30 of 48 - 900 active elements (0 deactivated)
13:29:02 INFO    opendrift:2211: 2018-01-02 06:00:00 - step 31 of 48 - 900 active elements (0 deactivated)
13:29:02 INFO    opendrift:2211: 2018-01-02 07:00:00 - step 32 of 48 - 900 active elements (0 deactivated)
13:29:03 INFO    opendrift:2211: 2018-01-02 08:00:00 - step 33 of 48 - 900 active elements (0 deactivated)
13:29:04 INFO    opendrift:2211: 2018-01-02 09:00:00 - step 34 of 48 - 900 active elements (0 deactivated)
13:29:04 INFO    opendrift:2211: 2018-01-02 10:00:00 - step 35 of 48 - 900 active elements (0 deactivated)
13:29:05 INFO    opendrift:2211: 2018-01-02 11:00:00 - step 36 of 48 - 900 active elements (0 deactivated)
13:29:06 INFO    opendrift:2211: 2018-01-02 12:00:00 - step 37 of 48 - 900 active elements (0 deactivated)
13:29:06 INFO    opendrift:2211: 2018-01-02 13:00:00 - step 38 of 48 - 900 active elements (0 deactivated)
13:29:07 INFO    opendrift:2211: 2018-01-02 14:00:00 - step 39 of 48 - 900 active elements (0 deactivated)
13:29:07 INFO    opendrift:2211: 2018-01-02 15:00:00 - step 40 of 48 - 900 active elements (0 deactivated)
13:29:08 INFO    opendrift:2211: 2018-01-02 16:00:00 - step 41 of 48 - 900 active elements (0 deactivated)
13:29:09 INFO    opendrift:2211: 2018-01-02 17:00:00 - step 42 of 48 - 900 active elements (0 deactivated)
13:29:09 INFO    opendrift:2211: 2018-01-02 18:00:00 - step 43 of 48 - 900 active elements (0 deactivated)
13:29:10 INFO    opendrift:2211: 2018-01-02 19:00:00 - step 44 of 48 - 900 active elements (0 deactivated)
13:29:11 INFO    opendrift:2211: 2018-01-02 20:00:00 - step 45 of 48 - 900 active elements (0 deactivated)
13:29:11 INFO    opendrift:2211: 2018-01-02 21:00:00 - step 46 of 48 - 900 active elements (0 deactivated)
13:29:12 INFO    opendrift:2211: 2018-01-02 22:00:00 - step 47 of 48 - 900 active elements (0 deactivated)
13:29:13 INFO    opendrift:2211: 2018-01-02 23:00:00 - step 48 of 48 - 900 active elements (0 deactivated)

<xarray.Dataset> Size: 4MB
Dimensions:                                   (trajectory: 900, time: 49)
Coordinates:
  * trajectory                                (trajectory) int64 7kB 0 1 ... 899
  * time                                      (time) datetime64[ns] 392B 2018...
Data variables: (12/22)
    status                                    (trajectory, time) float32 176kB ...
    moving                                    (trajectory, time) float32 176kB ...
    age_seconds                               (trajectory, time) float32 176kB ...
    origin_marker                             (trajectory, time) float32 176kB ...
    lon                                       (trajectory, time) float32 176kB ...
    lat                                       (trajectory, time) float32 176kB ...
    ...                                        ...
    horizontal_diffusivity                    (trajectory, time) float32 176kB ...
    sea_surface_wave_significant_height       (trajectory, time) float32 176kB ...
    sea_surface_wave_stokes_drift_x_velocity  (trajectory, time) float32 176kB ...
    sea_surface_wave_stokes_drift_y_velocity  (trajectory, time) float32 176kB ...
    sea_floor_depth_below_sea_level           (trajectory, time) float32 176kB ...
    land_binary_mask                          (trajectory, time) float32 176kB ...
Attributes: (12/121)
    Conventions:                                                           CF...
    standard_name_vocabulary:                                              CF...
    featureType:                                                           tr...
    title:                                                                 Op...
    summary:                                                               Ou...
    keywords:                                                              tr...
    ...                                                                    ...
    geospatial_lon_units:                                                  de...
    geospatial_lon_resolution:                                             point
    runtime:                                                               0:...
    geospatial_vertical_min:                                               0.0
    geospatial_vertical_max:                                               0.0
    geospatial_vertical_positive:                                          up

xarray.Dataset

• Dimensions:
  • trajectory: 900
  • time: 49
• Coordinates: (2)
  • trajectory
    (trajectory)
    int64
    0 1 2 3 4 5 ... 895 896 897 898 899

    cf_role :

    trajectory_id

    dtype :

    <class 'numpy.int32'>

    array([  0,   1,   2, ..., 897, 898, 899], shape=(900,))

  • time
    (time)
    datetime64[ns]
    2018-01-01 ... 2018-01-03

    standard_name :

    time

    long_name :

    time

    dtype :

    <class 'numpy.float64'>

    array(['2018-01-01T00:00:00.000000000', '2018-01-01T01:00:00.000000000',
           '2018-01-01T02:00:00.000000000', '2018-01-01T03:00:00.000000000',
           '2018-01-01T04:00:00.000000000', '2018-01-01T05:00:00.000000000',
           '2018-01-01T06:00:00.000000000', '2018-01-01T07:00:00.000000000',
           '2018-01-01T08:00:00.000000000', '2018-01-01T09:00:00.000000000',
           '2018-01-01T10:00:00.000000000', '2018-01-01T11:00:00.000000000',
           '2018-01-01T12:00:00.000000000', '2018-01-01T13:00:00.000000000',
           '2018-01-01T14:00:00.000000000', '2018-01-01T15:00:00.000000000',
           '2018-01-01T16:00:00.000000000', '2018-01-01T17:00:00.000000000',
           '2018-01-01T18:00:00.000000000', '2018-01-01T19:00:00.000000000',
           '2018-01-01T20:00:00.000000000', '2018-01-01T21:00:00.000000000',
           '2018-01-01T22:00:00.000000000', '2018-01-01T23:00:00.000000000',
           '2018-01-02T00:00:00.000000000', '2018-01-02T01:00:00.000000000',
           '2018-01-02T02:00:00.000000000', '2018-01-02T03:00:00.000000000',
           '2018-01-02T04:00:00.000000000', '2018-01-02T05:00:00.000000000',
           '2018-01-02T06:00:00.000000000', '2018-01-02T07:00:00.000000000',
           '2018-01-02T08:00:00.000000000', '2018-01-02T09:00:00.000000000',
           '2018-01-02T10:00:00.000000000', '2018-01-02T11:00:00.000000000',
           '2018-01-02T12:00:00.000000000', '2018-01-02T13:00:00.000000000',
           '2018-01-02T14:00:00.000000000', '2018-01-02T15:00:00.000000000',
           '2018-01-02T16:00:00.000000000', '2018-01-02T17:00:00.000000000',
           '2018-01-02T18:00:00.000000000', '2018-01-02T19:00:00.000000000',
           '2018-01-02T20:00:00.000000000', '2018-01-02T21:00:00.000000000',
           '2018-01-02T22:00:00.000000000', '2018-01-02T23:00:00.000000000',
           '2018-01-03T00:00:00.000000000'], dtype='datetime64[ns]')

• Data variables: (22)
  • status
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 ... 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

    dtype :

    <class 'numpy.int32'>

    valid_range :

    [0 0]

    flag_values :

    [0]

    flag_meanings :

    active

    array([[0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           ...,
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.]], shape=(900, 49), dtype=float32)

  • moving
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 ... 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0

    dtype :

    <class 'numpy.int32'>

    minval :

    1

    maxval :

    1

    array([[1., 1., 1., ..., 1., 1., 1.],
           [1., 1., 1., ..., 1., 1., 1.],
           [1., 1., 1., ..., 1., 1., 1.],
           ...,
           [1., 1., 1., ..., 1., 1., 1.],
           [1., 1., 1., ..., 1., 1., 1.],
           [1., 1., 1., ..., 1., 1., 1.]], shape=(900, 49), dtype=float32)

  • age_seconds
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    0.0 3.6e+03 ... 1.692e+05 1.728e+05

    dtype :

    <class 'numpy.float32'>

    units :

    s

    minval :

    0.0

    maxval :

    172800.0

    array([[     0.,   3600.,   7200., ..., 165600., 169200., 172800.],
           [     0.,   3600.,   7200., ..., 165600., 169200., 172800.],
           [     0.,   3600.,   7200., ..., 165600., 169200., 172800.],
           ...,
           [     0.,   3600.,   7200., ..., 165600., 169200., 172800.],
           [     0.,   3600.,   7200., ..., 165600., 169200., 172800.],
           [     0.,   3600.,   7200., ..., 165600., 169200., 172800.]],
          shape=(900, 49), dtype=float32)

  • origin_marker
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 ... 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

    dtype :

    <class 'numpy.int32'>

    unit :

    description :

    An integer kept constant during the simulation. Different values may be used for different seedings, to separate elements during analysis. With GUI, only a single seeding is possible.

    flag_values :

    [0]

    flag_meanings :

    Seed_0

    minval :

    0

    maxval :

    0

    array([[0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           ...,
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.]], shape=(900, 49), dtype=float32)

  • lon
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    12.0 12.0 12.0 ... 14.57 14.58

    dtype :

    <class 'numpy.float32'>

    units :

    degrees_east

    standard_name :

    longitude

    long_name :

    longitude

    axis :

    X

    minval :

    11.736831

    maxval :

    14.786119

    array([[12.      , 11.997453, 11.997453, ..., 12.046629, 12.0327  ,
            12.0327  ],
           [12.086206, 12.086206, 12.081553, ..., 12.037172, 12.019058,
            12.00054 ],
           [12.172414, 12.161244, 12.153542, ..., 12.23492 , 12.238517,
            12.232457],
           ...,
           [14.327586, 14.326949, 14.324599, ..., 14.465033, 14.4695  ,
            14.478092],
           [14.413794, 14.412709, 14.409944, ..., 14.517981, 14.521405,
            14.529788],
           [14.5     , 14.498076, 14.493955, ..., 14.567418, 14.570772,
            14.579655]], shape=(900, 49), dtype=float32)

  • lat
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    67.5 67.51 67.51 ... 68.51 68.51

    dtype :

    <class 'numpy.float32'>

    units :

    degrees_north

    standard_name :

    latitude

    long_name :

    latitude

    axis :

    Y

    minval :

    67.457184

    maxval :

    68.95712

    array([[67.5     , 67.5084  , 67.5122  , ..., 67.48895 , 67.48511 ,
            67.48511 ],
           [67.5     , 67.5     , 67.51251 , ..., 67.50177 , 67.494286,
            67.490135],
           [67.5     , 67.50962 , 67.52092 , ..., 67.62357 , 67.61489 ,
            67.60827 ],
           ...,
           [68.5     , 68.50117 , 68.50282 , ..., 68.481964, 68.479546,
            68.47709 ],
           [68.5     , 68.50133 , 68.503075, ..., 68.503746, 68.50242 ,
            68.50027 ],
           [68.5     , 68.50154 , 68.50344 , ..., 68.51583 , 68.51484 ,
            68.51243 ]], shape=(900, 49), dtype=float32)

  • z
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 ... 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

    dtype :

    <class 'numpy.float32'>

    units :

    m

    standard_name :

    z

    long_name :

    vertical position

    axis :

    Z

    positive :

    up

    minval :

    0.0

    maxval :

    0.0

    array([[0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           ...,
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.]], shape=(900, 49), dtype=float32)

  • wind_drift_factor
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    0.02 0.02 0.02 ... 0.02 0.02 0.02

    dtype :

    <class 'numpy.float32'>

    units :

    1

    description :

    Elements at surface are moved with this fraction of the vind vector, in addition to currents and Stokes drift

    minval :

    0.02

    maxval :

    0.02

    array([[0.02, 0.02, 0.02, ..., 0.02, 0.02, 0.02],
           [0.02, 0.02, 0.02, ..., 0.02, 0.02, 0.02],
           [0.02, 0.02, 0.02, ..., 0.02, 0.02, 0.02],
           ...,
           [0.02, 0.02, 0.02, ..., 0.02, 0.02, 0.02],
           [0.02, 0.02, 0.02, ..., 0.02, 0.02, 0.02],
           [0.02, 0.02, 0.02, ..., 0.02, 0.02, 0.02]],
          shape=(900, 49), dtype=float32)

  • current_drift_factor
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 ... 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0

    dtype :

    <class 'numpy.float32'>

    units :

    1

    description :

    Elements are moved with this fraction of the current vector, in addition to currents and Stokes drift

    minval :

    1.0

    maxval :

    1.0

    array([[1., 1., 1., ..., 1., 1., 1.],
           [1., 1., 1., ..., 1., 1., 1.],
           [1., 1., 1., ..., 1., 1., 1.],
           ...,
           [1., 1., 1., ..., 1., 1., 1.],
           [1., 1., 1., ..., 1., 1., 1.],
           [1., 1., 1., ..., 1., 1., 1.]], shape=(900, 49), dtype=float32)

  • terminal_velocity
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 ... 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

    dtype :

    <class 'numpy.float32'>

    units :

    m/s

    description :

    Terminal rise/sinking velocity (buoyancy) in the ocean column

    minval :

    0.0

    maxval :

    0.0

    array([[0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           ...,
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.]], shape=(900, 49), dtype=float32)

  • x_sea_water_velocity
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    -0.03022 -0.01083 ... 0.1009 0.1009

    minval :

    -0.7812583

    maxval :

    0.6626182

    array([[-0.03022415, -0.01082561,  0.04168543, ..., -0.21634004,
            -0.2001083 , -0.2001083 ],
           [-0.08701278, -0.05518677,  0.0347454 , ..., -0.21501908,
            -0.21985321, -0.21985321],
           [-0.13249199, -0.0913351 ,  0.00826596, ...,  0.04248336,
            -0.07158162, -0.07158162],
           ...,
           [-0.00723755, -0.02670329,  0.02125886, ...,  0.05081447,
             0.09776086,  0.09776086],
           [-0.01232654, -0.03142385,  0.01536682, ...,  0.03891852,
             0.0952708 ,  0.0952708 ],
           [-0.02186375, -0.04684134,  0.00151544, ...,  0.0380995 ,
             0.10089584,  0.10089584]], shape=(900, 49), dtype=float32)

  • y_sea_water_velocity
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    0.2603 0.2748 ... -0.07449 -0.07449

    minval :

    -0.6597685

    maxval :

    0.6989882

    array([[ 0.26031032,  0.27479348,  0.2277271 , ..., -0.23839237,
            -0.13792485, -0.13792485],
           [ 0.3608848 ,  0.38762662,  0.35908386, ..., -0.23201951,
            -0.12850812, -0.12850812],
           [ 0.29812357,  0.35003054,  0.39938018, ..., -0.2689394 ,
            -0.2051046 , -0.2051046 ],
           ...,
           [ 0.03609754,  0.05141012,  0.02859821, ..., -0.07480959,
            -0.07631508, -0.07631508],
           [ 0.04117841,  0.05417836,  0.03461913, ..., -0.04098351,
            -0.06663898, -0.06663898],
           [ 0.04783405,  0.05875227,  0.04146874, ..., -0.03079163,
            -0.07449161, -0.07449161]], shape=(900, 49), dtype=float32)

  • sea_surface_height
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    0.4886 0.1452 ... 0.775 0.775

    minval :

    -0.89584523

    maxval :

    1.3785523

    array([[ 0.4885727 ,  0.14517993, -0.23342127, ...,  0.6933358 ,
             0.9273111 ,  0.9273111 ],
           [ 0.49549386,  0.1480888 , -0.22955622, ...,  0.6880032 ,
             0.9249792 ,  0.9249792 ],
           [ 0.50753814,  0.15904175, -0.22529556, ...,  0.65441006,
             0.907074  ,  0.907074  ],
           ...,
           [ 0.5342038 ,  0.20287736, -0.1699824 , ...,  0.51512134,
             0.79201084,  0.79201084],
           [ 0.551334  ,  0.19317168, -0.16765413, ...,  0.5117578 ,
             0.78317606,  0.78317606],
           [ 0.5722426 ,  0.18187416, -0.1641901 , ...,  0.5088827 ,
             0.7749832 ,  0.7749832 ]], shape=(900, 49), dtype=float32)

  • x_wind
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 ... 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

    minval :

    0.0

    maxval :

    0.0

    array([[0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           ...,
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.]], shape=(900, 49), dtype=float32)

  • y_wind
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 ... 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

    minval :

    0.0

    maxval :

    0.0

    array([[0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           ...,
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.]], shape=(900, 49), dtype=float32)

  • upward_sea_water_velocity
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 ... 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

    minval :

    0.0

    maxval :

    0.0

    array([[0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           ...,
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.]], shape=(900, 49), dtype=float32)

  • horizontal_diffusivity
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 ... 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

    minval :

    0.0

    maxval :

    0.0

    array([[0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           ...,
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.]], shape=(900, 49), dtype=float32)

  • sea_surface_wave_significant_height
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 ... 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

    minval :

    0.0

    maxval :

    0.0

    array([[0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           ...,
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.]], shape=(900, 49), dtype=float32)

  • sea_surface_wave_stokes_drift_x_velocity
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 ... 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

    minval :

    0.0

    maxval :

    0.0

    array([[0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           ...,
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.]], shape=(900, 49), dtype=float32)

  • sea_surface_wave_stokes_drift_y_velocity
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 ... 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

    minval :

    0.0

    maxval :

    0.0

    array([[0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           ...,
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.]], shape=(900, 49), dtype=float32)

  • sea_floor_depth_below_sea_level
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    37.83 28.45 27.92 ... 72.36 72.36

    minval :

    13.025273

    maxval :

    607.1868

    array([[37.83103 , 28.44974 , 27.918867, ..., 40.794205, 62.317417,
            62.317417],
           [35.498   , 26.988398, 26.618351, ..., 30.711792, 41.491203,
            41.491203],
           [65.07617 , 50.032562, 37.70005 , ..., 88.41186 , 85.285286,
            85.285286],
           ...,
           [79.739395, 81.38993 , 83.58604 , ..., 78.327194, 77.06051 ,
            77.06051 ],
           [79.532364, 80.6639  , 82.25932 , ..., 90.20955 , 91.40659 ,
            91.40659 ],
           [87.423256, 86.81285 , 85.76775 , ..., 71.83144 , 72.359184,
            72.359184]], shape=(900, 49), dtype=float32)

  • land_binary_mask
    (trajectory, time)
    float32
    0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 ... 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

    minval :

    0.0

    maxval :

    0.0

    array([[0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           ...,
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.],
           [0., 0., 0., ..., 0., 0., 0.]], shape=(900, 49), dtype=float32)

• Attributes: (121)

  Conventions :

  CF-1.11, ACDD-1.3

  standard_name_vocabulary :

  CF Standard Name Table v85

  featureType :

  trajectory

  title :

  OpenDrift trajectory simulation

  summary :

  Output from simulation with OpenDrift framework

  keywords :

  trajectory, drift, lagrangian, simulation

  history :

  Created 2026-07-14 13:28:38.833063

  date_created :

  2026-07-14T13:28:38.833073

  source :

  Output from simulation with OpenDrift

  model_url :

  https://github.com/OpenDrift/opendrift

  opendrift_class :

  OceanDrift

  opendrift_module :

  opendrift.models.oceandrift

  readers :

  odict_keys(['https://thredds.met.no/thredds/dodsC/cmems/topaz6/dataset-topaz6-arc-15min-3km-be.ncml', 'global_landmask'])

  time_coverage_start :

  2018-01-01 00:00:00

  time_step_calculation :

  1:00:00

  time_step_output :

  1:00:00

  config_environment:constant:x_sea_water_velocity :

  None

  config_environment:fallback:x_sea_water_velocity :

  0

  config_environment:constant:y_sea_water_velocity :

  None

  config_environment:fallback:y_sea_water_velocity :

  0

  config_environment:constant:sea_surface_height :

  None

  config_environment:fallback:sea_surface_height :

  0

  config_environment:constant:x_wind :

  None

  config_environment:fallback:x_wind :

  0

  config_environment:constant:y_wind :

  None

  config_environment:fallback:y_wind :

  0

  config_environment:constant:upward_sea_water_velocity :

  None

  config_environment:fallback:upward_sea_water_velocity :

  0

  config_environment:constant:ocean_vertical_diffusivity :

  None

  config_environment:fallback:ocean_vertical_diffusivity :

  0

  config_environment:constant:horizontal_diffusivity :

  None

  config_environment:fallback:horizontal_diffusivity :

  0

  config_environment:constant:sea_surface_wave_significant_height :

  None

  config_environment:fallback:sea_surface_wave_significant_height :

  0

  config_environment:constant:sea_surface_wave_stokes_drift_x_velocity :

  None

  config_environment:fallback:sea_surface_wave_stokes_drift_x_velocity :

  0

  config_environment:constant:sea_surface_wave_stokes_drift_y_velocity :

  None

  config_environment:fallback:sea_surface_wave_stokes_drift_y_velocity :

  0

  config_environment:constant:ocean_mixed_layer_thickness :

  None

  config_environment:fallback:ocean_mixed_layer_thickness :

  50

  config_environment:constant:sea_floor_depth_below_sea_level :

  None

  config_environment:fallback:sea_floor_depth_below_sea_level :

  10000

  config_environment:constant:land_binary_mask :

  None

  config_environment:fallback:land_binary_mask :

  None

  config_general:use_auto_landmask :

  True

  config_drift:current_uncertainty :

  0

  config_drift:current_uncertainty_uniform :

  0

  config_drift:max_speed :

  3.0

  config_readers:max_number_of_fails :

  1

  config_general:simulation_name :

  config_general:coastline_action :

  previous

  config_general:coastline_approximation_precision :

  0.001

  config_general:time_step_minutes :

  60

  config_general:time_step_output_minutes :

  None

  config_seed:ocean_only :

  True

  config_seed:number :

  1

  config_drift:max_age_seconds :

  None

  config_drift:advection_scheme :

  euler

  config_drift:profiles_depth :

  50

  config_drift:wind_uncertainty :

  0

  config_drift:relative_wind :

  False

  config_drift:deactivate_north_of :

  None

  config_drift:deactivate_south_of :

  None

  config_drift:deactivate_east_of :

  None

  config_drift:deactivate_west_of :

  None

  config_seed:origin_marker :

  0

  config_seed:z :

  0

  config_seed:wind_drift_factor :

  0.02

  config_seed:current_drift_factor :

  1

  config_seed:terminal_velocity :

  0.0

  config_drift:vertical_advection :

  True

  config_drift:vertical_advection_at_surface :

  False

  config_drift:water_column_stretching :

  False

  config_drift:vertical_advection_correction :

  False

  config_drift:vertical_mixing :

  False

  config_drift:vertical_mixing_at_surface :

  False

  config_vertical_mixing:timestep :

  60

  config_vertical_mixing:diffusivitymodel :

  environment

  config_vertical_mixing:background_diffusivity :

  1.2e-05

  config_vertical_mixing:TSprofiles :

  False

  config_drift:wind_drift_depth :

  0.1

  config_drift:stokes_drift :

  True

  config_drift:stokes_drift_profile :

  Phillips

  config_drift:use_tabularised_stokes_drift :

  False

  config_drift:tabularised_stokes_drift_fetch :

  25000

  config_general:seafloor_action :

  lift_to_seafloor

  config_drift:truncate_ocean_model_below_m :

  None

  config_seed:seafloor :

  False

  opendrift_version :

  1.14.10

  seed_geojson :

  {"features": [], "type": "FeatureCollection"}

  simulation_time :

  2026-07-14 13:28:40.379359

  reader_x_sea_water_velocity :

  ['https://thredds.met.no/thredds/dodsC/cmems/topaz6/dataset-topaz6-arc-15min-3km-be.ncml']

  reader_y_sea_water_velocity :

  ['https://thredds.met.no/thredds/dodsC/cmems/topaz6/dataset-topaz6-arc-15min-3km-be.ncml']

  reader_sea_surface_height :

  ['https://thredds.met.no/thredds/dodsC/cmems/topaz6/dataset-topaz6-arc-15min-3km-be.ncml']

  reader_x_wind :

  0

  reader_y_wind :

  0

  reader_upward_sea_water_velocity :

  0

  reader_horizontal_diffusivity :

  0

  reader_sea_surface_wave_significant_height :

  0

  reader_sea_surface_wave_stokes_drift_x_velocity :

  0

  reader_sea_surface_wave_stokes_drift_y_velocity :

  0

  reader_sea_floor_depth_below_sea_level :

  ['https://thredds.met.no/thredds/dodsC/cmems/topaz6/dataset-topaz6-arc-15min-3km-be.ncml']

  reader_land_binary_mask :

  ['global_landmask']

  time_coverage_end :

  2018-01-03 00:00:00

  time_coverage_duration :

  P2DT0H0M0S

  time_coverage_resolution :

  P0DT1H0M0S

  performance :

  -------------------- Reader performance: -------------------- https://thredds.met.no/thredds/dodsC/cmems/topaz6/dataset-topaz6-arc-15min-3km-be.ncml 0:00:29.8 total 0:00:00.0 preparing 0:00:29.7 reading 0:00:00.1 interpolation 0:00:00.0 interpolation_time 0:00:00.0 rotating vectors 0:00:00.0 masking -------------------- global_landmask 0:00:01.6 total 0:00:00.0 preparing 0:00:01.6 reading 0:00:00.0 masking -------------------- Performance: 45.2 total time 10.1 configuration 1.5 preparing main loop 1.5 moving elements to ocean 33.5 main loop 0.0 updating elements 0.0 cleaning up --------------------

  geospatial_bounds_crs :

  EPSG:4326

  geospatial_bounds_vertical_crs :

  EPSG:5831

  geospatial_lat_min :

  67.457184

  geospatial_lat_max :

  68.95712

  geospatial_lat_units :

  degrees_north

  geospatial_lat_resolution :

  point

  geospatial_lon_min :

  11.736831

  geospatial_lon_max :

  14.786119

  geospatial_lon_units :

  degrees_east

  geospatial_lon_resolution :

  point

  runtime :

  0:00:45.224288

  geospatial_vertical_min :

  0.0

  geospatial_vertical_max :

  0.0

  geospatial_vertical_positive :

  up

Print and plot results

print(o)
o.plot()
#o.plot(background=['x_sea_water_velocity', 'y_sea_water_velocity'])
o.animation()

===========================
--------------------
Reader performance:
--------------------
https://thredds.met.no/thredds/dodsC/cmems/topaz6/dataset-topaz6-arc-15min-3km-be.ncml
 0:00:29.8  total
 0:00:00.0  preparing
 0:00:29.7  reading
 0:00:00.1  interpolation
 0:00:00.0  interpolation_time
 0:00:00.0  rotating vectors
 0:00:00.0  masking
--------------------
global_landmask
 0:00:01.6  total
 0:00:00.0  preparing
 0:00:01.6  reading
 0:00:00.0  masking
--------------------
Performance:
   45.2 total time
   10.1 configuration
    1.5 preparing main loop
      1.5 moving elements to ocean
   33.5 main loop
      0.0 updating elements
    0.0 cleaning up
--------------------
===========================
Model:  OceanDrift     (OpenDrift version 1.14.10)
        900 active Lagrangian3DArray particles  (0 deactivated, 0 scheduled)
-------------------
Environment variables:
  -----
  sea_floor_depth_below_sea_level
  sea_surface_height
  x_sea_water_velocity
  y_sea_water_velocity
     1) https://thredds.met.no/thredds/dodsC/cmems/topaz6/dataset-topaz6-arc-15min-3km-be.ncml
  -----
  land_binary_mask
     1) global_landmask
  -----
Readers not added for the following variables:
  horizontal_diffusivity
  sea_surface_wave_significant_height
  sea_surface_wave_stokes_drift_x_velocity
  sea_surface_wave_stokes_drift_y_velocity
  upward_sea_water_velocity
  x_wind
  y_wind

Discarded readers:

Time:
        Start: 2018-01-01 00:00:00 UTC
        Present: 2018-01-03 00:00:00 UTC
        Calculation steps: 48 * 1:00:00 - total time: 2 days, 0:00:00
        Output steps: 49 * 1:00:00
===========================

13:29:19 INFO    opendrift:4795: Saving animation to /root/project/docs/source/gallery/animations/example_coastline_0.gif...
13:29:33 INFO    opendrift:3215: Time to make animation: 0:00:14.849717